Адміністративно-правове забезпечення публічного порядку і безпеки на авіаційному транспорті

World leaders gathered at the United Nations (UN) and adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It is a plan of action aimed at achieving global sustainable development in economic, social and environmental areas, which ensures that no UN member state is left behind. The 17 sustainable development goals on the 2030 Agenda can be used as benchmarks for the coordinated development of UN member states. Aviation safety is an important component of the concept of general national security, the system of personal security, ecological and public safety and transport safety from external and internal threats. Maintaining an acceptable level of national aviation safety is a priority for the industry. The aviation transport is a part of the transport complex of Ukraine, which is an important component in the structure of the national economy and a link between all components of economic security to ensure the basic conditions of life and development of the state and society. The assessment of economic, technological, safety, social and ecological hazards is an integral part of all the logical blocks of the structural and functional scheme of strategic management of aviation safety in terms of sustainable development of the national economy. The task of the article is to determine and substantiate the main indicators of economic and technological development, safety, social and environmental components of air transport and assess their level. In the article the authors propose and present the dynamics in the period from 2010 to 2020 of 29 indicators of sustainable development of air transport of Ukraine, such us share of aviation transport in the gross value added (transport and communications); level of investment in aviation transport; level of export services of air transport; level of import services of aviation transport; level of shadowing of aviation transport; coefficient of manufacturability of aviation transport; capital utilization coefficient; level of shadow capital load; level of use of passenger capacity of aircraft and helicopters; level of renewal of fixed assets; cargo transport capacity of GDP by aviation transport; passenger transport capacity of GDP by aviation transport; average distance of cargo aviation transportation; average distance of passenger aviation transportation; ratio of domestic and international aviation transportation; catastrophes, accidents, serious coefficients for regular commercial/irregular commercial/non-commercial flights and execution of aviation works/training flights; level of wages in the production of aviation transport; level of employment in air transport; coefficient of population mobility; level of official GVA created by shadow wages; level of shadow employment; level of CO2 emissions of aviation transport of Ukraine to GDP; level of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere; level of environmental costs of aviation transport. Authors determine their threshold and optimal values. Indicators are given in groups in the above areas. Indicators are divided into stimulants (indicators that contribute to the sustainable development of air transport and the national economy) and disincentives (indicators that hinder the sustainable development of air transport and the national economy). The solution of this problem will make it possible to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the current state of air transport in Ukraine on the basis of a systematic approach

The aircraft is a means of air navigation that the international community has taken care of and has sought to regulate the legal rules for the safety of civil aviation where a global plan for the safety of civil aviation was developed in 2010 with the existence of international conventions on the regulation of crimes against aviation security. This article aims to identify the acts and crimes against civil aviation with the statement of the air accident in Saudi Arabia and the subject was addressed through several points represented in the presentation, analysis and interpretation of the legal rules of the air incident and crimes on Flight in Saudi Law 1426, by following the comparative descriptive analytical approach. The results of the article indicated that the civil aviation Law was affected by the provisions of international conventions related to air transport with special rules for dealing with aviation accidents the article included two sections: the first section acts and crimes affecting the security of the aircraft, and came the second section entitled; the air accident and rescue and assistance.

The article deals with crimes against air transport, which can be divided into two groups: seizures of aircraft and other crimes against civil aviation safety. The normative and legal definition of the classification of international crimes, disagreement in legal qualification and terminological definition of these crimes under the legislation of foreign states, as well as the lack of practical application of legal norms of conventions in combating international crimes, in part of the extradition, creates certain difficulties for the legislation. further extradition of persons hiding from investigation and court in a foreign state. In the crime of international character, similar to the internal state, the composition of the crime of international character is allocated, which is a set of objective and subjective features, based on which individuals attracted to criminal responsibility. But it should be noted that the elements of the crime of international character do not always coincide with elements of a crime in domestic criminal law. Basic normative acts aimed at providing aviation safety, operate on three levels: global level (International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), basic documents: Crimes Convention and some other acts committed on board aircraft (Tokyo, 1963) ; Convention on the fight against illegal capture of aircraft (GAAGA, 1971); Convention on the fight against illegal acts directed against the safety of civil aviation (Montreal, 1971); Protocol on the fight against acts of violence at airports serving civil aviation (Montreal, 1988, complements the Montreal Convention in 1971); Convention on the marking of plastic explosives in order to detect (Montreal, 1991); Convention on the fight against illegal acts concerning international civil aviation (Beijing, 2010) ; regional level (European Aviation Security Agency (EASA), European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC), European and North Atlantic Bureau of ICAO (Paris), Found Documents - Politics of the European Civil Aviation Conference in Aviation Safety; National Level - State Aviation Administration (SAA), Basic Documents: Air Code of Ukraine of 19.05.2011, Law of Ukraine "On the State Program of Aviation Safety of Civil Aviation" dated 20.02.2003, Order of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Ukraine No. 390 dated May 11, 2007, instructions for assessing the risk of security of civil aviation of Ukraine.

The article deals with crimes against air transport, which can be divided into two groups: seizures of aircraft and other crimes against civil aviation safety. The normative and legal definition of the classification of international crimes, disagreement in legal qualification and terminological definition of these crimes under the legislation of foreign states, as well as the lack of practical application of legal norms of conventions in combating international crimes, in part of the extradition, creates certain difficulties for the legislation. further extradition of persons hiding from investigation and court in a foreign state. In the crime of international character, similar to the internal state, the composition of the crime of international character is allocated, which is a set of objective and subjective features, based on which individuals attracted to criminal responsibility. But it should be noted that the elements of the crime of international character do not always coincide with elements of a crime in domestic criminal law. Basic normative acts aimed at providing aviation safety, operate on three levels: global level (International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), basic documents: Crimes Convention and some other acts committed on board aircraft (Tokyo, 1963) ; Convention on the fight against illegal capture of aircraft (GAAGA, 1971); Convention on the fight against illegal acts directed against the safety of civil aviation (Montreal, 1971); Protocol on the fight against acts of violence at airports serving civil aviation (Montreal, 1988, complements the Montreal Convention in 1971); Convention on the marking of plastic explosives in order to detect (Montreal, 1991); Convention on the fight against illegal acts concerning international civil aviation (Beijing, 2010) ; regional level (European Aviation Security Agency (EASA), European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC), European and North Atlantic Bureau of ICAO (Paris), Found Documents – Politics of the European Civil Aviation Conference in Aviation Safety; National Level – State Aviation Administration (SAA), Basic Documents: Air Code of Ukraine of 19.05.2011, Law of Ukraine “On the State Program of Aviation Safety of Civil Aviation” dated 20.02.2003, Order of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Ukraine No. 390 dated May 11, 2007, instructions for assessing the risk of security of civil aviation of Ukraine.

The article singles out and discloses the content of the seven main administrative and legal forms of activity of the military administrations of Ukraine regarding the provision of public safety and public order in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law. Attention is focused on the debatable understanding of the categories "public safety" and "public order". It has been proven that military administrations solve a number of tasks in the field of ensuring public safety and public order. The practical difficulty of their implementation lies in the fact that they involve the simultaneous implementation of a complex of executive-administrative power measures. These actions are covered by the concept of "administrative-legal form". Based on the generalization of the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine on the legal regime of martial law, the content of such forms as: general organizational activity, implementation of administrative-regime work, organization of administrative-pass regime, implementation of administrative-social work, implementation of administrative-mobilization measures, implementation of administrative and security activities, organization and implementation of information and generalization work within the framework of the implementation of measures to ensure public safety and public order. It was noted that over the past year, Ukraine has accumulated some experience in the implementation of executive powers by military administrations, including in the sector of ensuring public safety and order. Thanks to this, the scientific community received a significant boost for critical understanding of the regulatory support of the mentioned processes. In particular, we believe that the legislative definition of public safety and public order needs to be further improved in terms of their differentiation as two related but substantively different categories. Thanks to this, the national system of military management receives the prerequisites for increasing its own potential in terms of fulfilling the tasks and functions assigned by the law.

The purpose of this article is to identify ways to improve organizational measures to ensure public security and order during the mass events by the National Police. Methods such as structural-functional, formal-logical, modeling, analysis, and synthesis were used in the writing of the article. The successful implementation of this measure depends largely on organization, relationships between each police authority and unit, rational distribution of forces and resources, early response to the detection of violations and other events, effective coordination, placement of patrol posts and routes. The Department of Organizational Analytical Support and Rapid Response, which ensures within competencies its coordination, planning, control and coordination of actions of all authorities and units involved to ensure public security and order during mass events, plays an important role in the police work in this direction. It was therefore concluded that: a) improvement of decentralization of the management system of police authorities and units, establishment of the mechanism of its coordination with the territorial police bodies; b) equipping of police authorities and units with modern communication means, GPS-navigators, gas analyzers for identifying the state of drunkenness, video cameras, devices of operational identification, computing complexes etc.; c) developing close cooperation with citizens and their associations, with local communities; d) conducting trainings on keeping public order and providing public security, psychological and physical training, analytical work and more.

Human rights education is to acquire understanding and knowledge about human rights, to develop values, attitudes and character that respect human rights, to develop the ability to overcome human rights violations and discriminatory acts, and to protect and promote the human rights of others. In order to prevent human rights violations of the transportation vulnerable, such as the disabled, it is necessary to develop specialized human rights education plans for aviation security personnel to practice human rights perspectives. Therefore, in accordance with the 「National Civil Aviation Security Education and Training Guidelines」, specialized human rights education should be included in the initial aviation security education and regular education courses. The point is that there is a need to reexamine the aviation security education program for aviation security personnel based on the essential knowledge and educational contents for aviation security personnel to perform security screening tasks in the aviation security education course. When this happens, various efforts must be made to improve the human rights of the transportation vulnerable, such as the disabled, during the security screening process, so that human rights violations will be significantly reduced. In particular, it is necessary to enhance the ability to detect dangerous terrorist items such as weapons or explosives that can be used for illegal sabotage through practical security screening training. For aviation security and aircraft safety, efforts to improve the quality of aviation security personnel training, such as human rights training, must be continuously made while thoroughly preparing for terrorism in advance.

Cyber crimes and cyber terrorism are becoming increasingly menacing and the latter has been identified as a distinct threat requiring attention. At the 21st Aviation Security Panel Meeting of ICAO (AVSECP/21, 22 to 26 March 2010) a new Recommended Practice related to cyber threats was proposed for adoption by the Council as part of amendment 12 to Annex 17 (Security) to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention). It was adopted on 17 November 2010, will become effective on 26 March 2011 and applicable on 1 July 2011. This Recommended Practice suggests that each Contracting State develop measures in order to protect information and communication technology systems used for civil aviation purposes from interference that may jeopardize the safety of civil aviation. At the 22nd Meeting of the Panel, conducted by ICAO from 21 to 25 March 2011, the Panel noted the value of vulnerability assessments pertaining to cyber security in aviation whose objectives are to evaluate the efficiency of existing mitigation measures and identify any vulnerabilities from a threat-based perspective and further noted that better understanding of residual risks will support a State’s efforts to refine its risk response. This article contains an analysis of what cyber crimes are as against cyber terrorism, measures taken to counter the threat along with a legal analysis of the threat as it affects aviation and addresses several issues, including a discussion on some national efforts at curbing the problem in some prominent jurisdictions.

The quality and safety of life is one of the many goals of mankind throughout the world. Over time, the importance of security and its place in society is constantly growing. Guaranteed safety is a modern priority. Achieving a state of public safety is possible under the conditions of implementing a unified state policy aimed at combating and preventing torts. The article finds a connection between the prevention of administrative offenses that encroach on public order and public safety and the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms. Also, the conducted scientific research clarified the meaning of the concept of "prevention" in various spheres of human life, proposed the own interpretation of the prevention of (administrative) offenses, since there is no official confirmation at the legislative level. The importance of maintaining public order and a sense of security for each individual is emphasized. The connection between the prevention of offenses and the satisfaction of human needs, which are located according to psychological theory in Maslow's pyramid, was found. The central concepts of public order and public safety in the aspect of independent components in administrative- delict legislation were chosen as the object of scientific research, and the subject was the preventive range of actions in the field of maintaining an appropriate level of public order and security in the country. The goal is to carry out a comprehensive analysis and systematization of the leading trends in the prevention of offenses that encroach on public order and public safety in Ukraine. Public order is considered as a systematic complex of actions to ensure law and order in the aspect of maintaining the functioning of both the spectrum of rights and responsibilities of citizens, as well as the legal regulation of social relations on a permanent basis in general, public safety is interpreted as an indisputably necessary social state for which all the most important and vitally relevant public interests are protected from both natural and artificial sources of danger.

The article examines the content of theoretical and legal discussions regarding the concepts of «public order» and «public safety», analyzes various scientific approaches to these terms. The relevance of this scientific work is determined, firstly, by the increasing challenges and threats to the public security of the Russian Federation in modern socio- political realities. Secondly, there is still a wide pluralism of opinions in the scientific community regarding the content and correlation of these important legal phenomena. The main general scientific method of this research was dialectical, the application of which allowed for a comprehensive examination of public order and public safety as a state-legal phenomenon. The logical method in solving research problems consisted in applying the principles of formal logic to the explanation of legal conflicts. The use of the system analysis method contributed to the awareness of public order and public safety as complex systems in their internal structure, consisting of mutually related elements of legal theory and legal practice. Of the special methods of scientific research, the formal legal method has found application. Based on it, a study of legal events and textual sources was conducted, revealing various aspects and aspects of public order and public safety. This made it possible for the authors to interpret them in a logical sequence based on the use of special legal terms and formal constructions. The comparative legal method has taken a large place in solving the set research tasks. Thanks to the appeal to him, it became possible to systematically and comprehensively study the practice of ensuring public order and identifying the specifics of protecting public safety in various periods of the development of Russian statehood. Based on the understanding of the opinions common in Russian legal science, certain distinctive features of these concepts are highlighted. Based on the conducted research, it is stated that there is no unified approach to understanding the concept of «public safety» by domestic legal scholars. It is proved that the synthesizing components of the various formulations of these definitions are the recognition of the existence of an inextricable link between the rule of law, legality and lawful behavior of participants in certain legal relations.

Interaction is a necessary and important part of the work of the National Police, including in the field of public safety and order. Due to the interaction we achieve the coordination of actions and joint activities of the National Police with other entities. Existing forms and methods of the interaction between the National Police and the public do not meet the current requirements and need to be refined or finding new forms and methods. Therefore, there is the need to conduct a thorough study of the problems of the interaction of the National Police with other entities of ensuring public safety and order. The author of the article has analyzed the importance and legal principles of the interaction of citizens with the police in the field of public order protection and combating crime. The concepts and forms’ types of the specified interaction have been defined. It has been concluded that there is a lack of scientific research focused on the problems of the interaction of the National Police with the public in the field of public safety and order, in particular on finding its new forms. To achieve this purpose, the author has revealed the essence of the interaction of the National Police with the public in the field of public safety and order, their relations, as well as has defined the classification of forms of the interaction of the National Police with citizens and their associations in the field of public safety and order. The scientific novelty of the study is that it improves the understanding of the nature and types of forms of the interaction between the National Police and the public in the field of public safety and order. Summarizing the above, we can conclude that the effective implementation of the authorities in the field of public safety and order by the National Police of Ukraine requires the establishment of effective interaction with citizens and public associations. The author has offered some new forms of the interaction between the National Police and the public for the implementation, the use of which can improve the state of law enforcement and the fight against crime.

This book focuses on ways to better manage and prevent aircraft-based homicide events while in flight using alternate technology to replace the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) and/or Digital Flight Data Recorder (DFDR) functions. While these events are infrequent, the implementation of real-time predictive maintenance allows aircraft operators to better manage both scheduled and unscheduled maintenance events. Aviation Safety and Security: Utilizing Technology to Prevent Aircraft Fatality explores historical events of in-flight homicide and includes relevant accident case study excerpts from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB). FEATURES Explores historical events of in-flight homicide and offers solutions for ways to mitigate risk Explains how alternate technologies can be implemented to address in-flight safety issues Demonstrates that metrics for change are not solely for safety but also for financial savings for aircraft operation Includes relevant accident case study excerpts from the NTSB and AAIB Expresses the need for real-time predictive maintenance Stephen J Wright is an academic Professor at the faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences at Tampere University, Finland, specializing in aviation, aeronautical engineering, and aircraft systems.

A mathematical model for tactical aerial search and rescue fleet and operation planning

In the article features of activity of subjects of imperious powers in sphere of aviation safety are considered. An understanding of such a subject is formulated. The characteristic of their status characteristics is highlighted. Three structural levels in their system are proposed. The content of the competence of the subjects of authority in the field of aviation security is disclosed. The competence of civil aviation subjects in the field of aviation security and identifies integrative features that unite them into a systemic education were considered in the article. The essence of the activity of subjects of power in the field of aviation security is determined by their administrative and legal status. This status is characterized by competence, that is, rights, duties and subjects of conduct, and the legal personality of each of the min this sphere. The analysis of status characteristics of subjects of authority in the field of airtransport security makes it possible to distinguish three structural levels in their system. The first is the level of the Ministry of Infrastructure. At the second level is situated the State Aviation Service of Ukraine, the central executive authority authorized to operate in the field of civil aviation. The third level is the level of local executive bodies authorized for activities in the field of civilaviation. The activities of each of the subjects are carried out in accordance with the functions that are defined by special regulatory acts to ensure safety in civil aviation.

Background: Aviation safety in the Africa region has continued to be a concern for the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the industry as a whole. ICAO’s 2012 accident statistics show thet Africa had an accident rate of 5.3 per one million departures with 3% of the worldwide traffic distribution. A study set out to examine the existing human factors risks in the region’s aviation operation with a particular focus on skill and aeromedical risks exist in the Eastern African region. Methodology: A cross-sectional study research design was used with quantitative methods of data collection applied; perceptual information was collected by use of a survey. Results: Four categories of variables investigated skills required for the job and had positive moderately strong correlation with values between 0.4-0.6 and were statistically significant with p ˂0.05. Another four had weak positive correlation which is less than 0.4. Eleven out of fifteen categories of the aeromedical variables had positive moderately strong correlation with values between 0.4-0.6. Four had weak positive correlation which was less than 0.4. Results did show that current skill related risks in public safety, operations monitoring, quality control, trouble shooting, design and telecommunications and public safety. Most of the above skills had a direct correlation with each other. Conclusions: Aeromedical factors affecting performance included fitness and health, stress, time pressure and deadlines, sleep related issues, fatigue, cigarette smoking, alcohol, pain and nervousness. Recommendations: There is a need for redefining human factors risks in Eastern Africa and incorporating them in the curriculum at all levels to ensure that individual are capable of functioning effectively and safely in a range of situations and environments continuous as well as aeromedical assessment should be designed to fully capture the existing skill related and aeromedical risks in the region and improve the region’s safety record.