СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ Е-ТОРГІВЛІ В УКРАЇНІ

Over the past few decades, the use of e-commerce in business has increased significantly. More and more companies that used to focus exclusively on offline operations are beginning to consider e-commerce as a promising area of strategic development. As a result, studying the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine, as well as trends and barriers to its development, will allow to develop an understanding of the peculiarities of the functioning and growth of business entities in the context of the Ukrainian online environment. In this regard, it is worth paying special attention to the study of the specifics of the development of the e-commerce market as a strategic recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The subject of the study is the process of development of the Ukrainian e-commerce market in the conditions of war. The purpose is to research and analyse the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine in the context of growing instability caused by the war, as well as to identify key issues and trends in the development of the e-commerce system in an unstable and changing environment. The questions of this study require the use of a combination of general scientific and modern research methods, among which the most important are the method of system analysis (when studying the approaches and points of view of Ukrainian and Western scientists), economic and statistical analysis (to determine the trends in the development of e-commerce in Ukraine), analysis and synthesis (when studying the types and models of e-commerce), graphic analysis (to visualize a number of theoretical and practical provisions of the article). The article examines the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine during the war. It finds that until 2022 there was a significant increase in the volume and growth rate of the e-commerce market. With the outbreak of the war, the market experienced a dramatic drop in volume, but from 2023 significant stabilisation processes took place. The importance of further development of the e-commerce market not only during the war, but also to overcome its consequences during the post-war recovery period is determined. Conclusions. Ukrainian e-commerce is experiencing high growth rates. The barriers to entering the online market are relatively low and the benefits of e-commerce for users and entrepreneurs are tangible. However, at the current stage, the Ukrainian e-commerce market has many unresolved issues that hinder its development. If the key issues are effectively addressed, the development of e-commerce in Ukraine will have a future.

E-commerce has gained particular importance for the development of small businesses in the past year due to the restrictions imposed due to the spread of the new coronavirus infection. The article provides a review of scientific literature in order to generalize the methodology for defining the concept of “electronic commerce”. The main trends in the field of e-commerce in small business are characterized. The data on the development of the e-commerce market are analyzed and the following is emphasized: in the number of purchases from mobile devices has increased; creation and widespread use of social media pages is a key factor in the development of e-commerce by entrepreneurs. The advantages and disadvantages of using electronic commerce by small businesses are systematized. Conclusions are made about the growth in the volume of transactions using Internet technologies, and about the increase in digitalization of small businesses.

In recent decades, China has witnessed tremendous growth in the field of e-commerce, also known as electronic commerce. This paper aims to analyze the impact of e-commerce on China’s economic growth through empirical analysis. By applying the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, this study is based on time-series data from 2008 to 2016 acquired from The World Bank and the National Report on E-Commerce Development in China. The analysis seeks to support that e-commerce, as a large portion of China’s total consumption, not only has some degree of influence on the traditional economy but also yields a positive effect on the GDP of China. The paper will provide a holistic overview including aspects such as a comprehensive exploration of e-commerce’s history and development in China, a careful assessment of the potential influence factors, and a series of future suggestions that will guide the path of e-commerce and the entire economy in China. In the end, this paper aspires to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the pivotal role and impact it has on China’s economic growth.

At present, the pace of development of China's e-commerce is very fast, but the most important part in electronic commerce logistics can not meet the requirements of the development of electronic commerce, so the research on electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development is very meaningful. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that restrict the coordinated development of e-commerce and logistics, and formulate the development strategy according to these constraints. In this study, through literature review and summarized the electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development situation, and summed up the electronic commerce and logistics coordinated development problems, we give the conclusion is: Electronic Commerce and logistics cannot be coordinated development of several aspects, which is not the transmission of information, service and sales. Our research shows that the government and the related enterprises adopt some corresponding strategies to solve the problem of collaborative development. These strategies are: using existing resources to integrate logistics enterprises at the end, constructing e-commerce and logistics collaborative information platform, and innovating management technology to improve the level of collaborative management. This study provides a new idea for the government and related enterprises.

As the first basic and comprehensive legislation in the field of e-commerce, E-commerce Law of the People's Republic of China has received wide attention both theoretically and practically. Paying equal attention to the development and protection of e-commerce, smoothing connection of relevant laws and properly handling the relationship between the government and the market are three main features of the E-commerce Law. Three articles have become the highlights and emphases of the E-commerce Law: article 38 provisions on the corresponding liability of the platform; article 22 the provisions prohibit e-commerce business operators from abusing their dominant market position; article 35 E-commerce platform operators are prohibited from abusing relative preponderant position. Understanding the corresponding liability of the platform involves the convergence between E-commerce Law and Tort. Prohibiting e-commerce business operators from abusing their dominant market position and their relative preponderant position demonstrate the determination of the E-commerce Law to maintain the order of competition in the e-commerce market and establish a fair competition environment.

With the development of e-commerce, people have more pursuit for online shopping. In the online shopping environment, users also need a good experience when browsing goods online. So now more and more people choose to buy their favorite agricultural products with certain characteristics, affordable and reassuring through the Internet. Therefore, the research on agricultural product recommendation model and e-commerce system design based on collaborative filtering recommendation (CFR) algorithm is very useful. Firstly, this paper introduces the characteristics of agricultural product recommendation, then studies the application of collaborative filtering algorithm, designs and develops the agricultural product recommendation model and e-commerce system based on the algorithm, and tests the function of the model. Finally, the test results show that the short-term prediction accuracy of the system is slightly low, but the accuracy is relatively high, covering a wide range of agricultural products, and the user coverage is also high, which can meet the shopping needs of users for agricultural products.

As e-commerce has become the new engine of my country’s economic development, information management technology has increasingly become the focus of various e-commerce platforms. Today’s information management technologies are divided into two categories: enterprise-oriented and user-oriented information management technologies based on their use objects. Specifically, it includes personalized information service technology, user query intention recognition technology, and e-commerce information cross-platform retrieval technology. This article elaborates on the basic principles or framework of the above-mentioned technology, analyzes the development and application of information management technology in the field of e-commerce, in order to promote the development of e-commerce and information management technology to promote each other and make progress together.

With the development of e-commerce, online shopping has become one of the most important consumer channels. However, the lack of government supervision, insufficient review of e-commerce platforms, illegal sales of online sellers and invalid consumer complaints have led to frequent green product quality problems during online shopping. Therefore, this paper considers that the online seller may be driven by interests, colluding with the e-commerce platform and selling low quality green product. At the same time, we introduce consumer feedback, and take the government supervision department, the online seller and the e-commerce platform as actors of the evolutionary game. In this paper, the evolutionary strategy choices of each actor were analyzed, and the influence of different factors on the evolutionary stability results was explored. Research indicates: firstly, consumer complaints play an indirect regulatory role for the online seller; secondly, the enhancement of the loss-sharing relationship between the online seller and the e-commerce platform can promote the legal operation of the two and prevent collusion; thirdly, the impact of consumer complaints on the choice of the e-commerce platform depends on the government supervision department’s penalty for the e-commerce platform; finally, the e-commerce platform establishes a reasonable reward system, which can make up for the defects of the online seller using advanced technology to avoid punishment. Our paper uses Matlab 2017 for simulation analysis and provides effective advices on how to urge the government supervision department to effectively supervise, promote the e-commerce platform to enhance review, urge the online seller to legal sale, and encourage consumers to legally defend their rights.

With the development of science, the technology of the internet has also presented new trends. With the integration of the internet and industry, the era of "Internet+" has also arrived. During this period, the development of cross-border e-commerce in China has ushered in new opportunities. However, as a new form of international trade, there are also many potential risks. The global outbreak of the new crown epidemic in early 2020 further accelerated the pace of cross-border e-commerce to replace traditional trade. In recent years, cross-border e-commerce has become the new way of selling trade. China's cross-border e-commerce has also made leaps and bounds, with an expanding range of exports and an increasing role in promoting the domestic economy. This essay is based on the literature about cross-border e-commerce under the "Internet+" from 2015 to 2022 in the CNKI database and uses CiteSpace technology to visualize the current development of cross-border e-commerce under the "Internet+" through a visualization method. The study shows that China's cross-border e-commerce development has been greatly improved. Meanwhile, the scope of research in the field of cross-border e-commerce in China has been expanding and becoming more mature and stable, and most researchers have made outstanding contributions to the field. The research hot spots in this essay are highly related to the background of the times. Through the visualization and systematic study of CiteSpace in the field of cross-border e-commerce, this essay shows the information on postings, keywords, and hot spots, which provides certain references for the development of cross-border e-commerce in China.

Abstract: The development of science and technology and the deepening of globalisation have opened up new directions for developing the agricultural industry. With the gradual expansion of the scope of Internet +, traditional trade has gradually evolved into e-commerce, and relatively simple domestic trade has gradually expanded into cross-border transactions. With the help of e-commerce platforms, sales channels can be expanded, and the share of agricultural exports can be increased. The development of cross-border e-commerce is highly valued and mutually supportive of the agricultural product supply chain (APSC), which promotes the international trade of agricultural products. Optimised APSC provide high-quality produce to meet consumer demand. Technological innovations such as big data and the Internet of Things (IoT) bring smart and efficient optimisation solutions to APSC, improving the efficiency of product distribution. This paper reviews the research on cross-border e-commerce and APSC by some scholars in recent years, summarises the current development of cross-border e-commerce, describes the problems of APSC, and proposes solutions. Reviewing and summarising the relevant research literature aims to help scholars understand the development of cross-border e-commerce and APSC more systematically and comprehensively, and to provide strong support for future research and practice.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has resulted in the emergence of a new economy marked by the phenomenon of internet-based business or e-commerce. The economic growth of the middle class of Southeast Asian people in the digital economy era is moving towards a non-cash transaction system and changing the lifestyle of people who depend on the internet for traveling, shopping and doing business online as well as creating new phenomena for the growth of the e-commerce industry or electronic commerce is attractive and growing rapidly. What is interesting is how the influence of middle class economic growth on the development of e-commerce in Southeast Asia. The method used in conducting this research is descriptive qualitative which aims to describe the phenomenon of the growth of the middle class in the development of e-commerce in Southeast Asia systematically for research and problem solving. The estimation results of this study are that with the increasing number of middle class people who use technology for business activities in the network, the development of e-commerce in ASEAN is marked by the use of electronic payment methods or cashless payments where business transaction processes become more efficient and stimulate economic growth. The emergence of new startups. The challenge for the use of e-commerce is readiness in overcoming problems related to ICT such as cyber security, internet networks and adequate ICT infrastructure. Every country in Southeast Asia has advantages and limitations in the use of e-commerce but digital globalization forces countries in Southeast Asia that are experiencing an economic growth to be prepared to build e-commerce infrastructure, especially for MSMEs by utilizing e-commerce to open new markets that are more and the government must prepare infrastructure and regulations that support entrepreneurs to compete in the current e-commerce era.

The aim of the article. The purpose of the study was to revel the essence, models, forms and tools of e-commerce, to summarize existing problems that negatively affect the development of e-commerce and possible directions for their solution. Analysis results. As a result of the comparative analysis, it was established that e-commerce is a part of electronic business and is a process of buying and selling goods or services via the Internet or other digital networks, covering online transactions, electronic payments, ordering and delivery of products. It uses various digital tools, including payment systems, online advertising, mobile applications for shopping, and allows access to the global market, regardless of the geographical location of the seller or buyer. Various models and forms of company presence on the Internet are identified and characterized. The components of e-commerce are summarized and defined, among which attention is focused on the application in practical activities of various tools, including online stores, electronic payment systems, customer interaction management systems, logistics, analytical systems and marketing tools. As a result of the analysis of various scientific views, the advantages of e-commerce and traditional forms of sales are revealed, which indicates the possibility of their simultaneous existence. Based on the analysis of secondary data, the most common problems and challenges that currently negatively affect and may affect the development of e-commerce in the future have been identified and summarized. The main directions that positively affect the opinions of buyers and their decisions to make online purchases, as well as will contribute to the further development of e-commerce, have been outlined. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The rapid development of e-commerce directly affects various types of businesses. Therefore, the immediate priority is to quickly develop and implement new technologies for promoting and selling goods online through various online channels. E-commerce marketing tools should be aimed at providing potential buyers with a more personalized experience that will increase the efficiency of trade and the level of conversions. Such state-of-the-art tools should be used by implementing technologies such as neural networks, machine learning, AI-based recommendation systems, big data science methods, and autoregressive models. The use of e-business in commercial operations requires consideration of endogenous and exogenous elements that influence it. Given the importance of both variables for relationship-based marketing and the opportunities of e-business in the competitive struggle, companies should apply and work to strengthen digital marketing capabilities and strategies to contribute to the effectiveness of their organization, growth and survival in globalized trade, and gaining competitive advantages, as well as apply e-marketing as a new technological activity. Therefore, future scientific research will be aimed at studying the factors that stimulate the development of e-commerce and their impact on the formation of eCommerce marketing strategies.

The article considers the specifics of e-commerce sphere development and determines the main directions of industry trends influence on the business process management. The need to develop on the basis of analytical data of scientific and practical tools and recommendations that define and characterize the relationship between industry trends and the trajectory of e-commerce enterprises development is actualized. The context and conditions of modern e-commerce enterprises activity are described, including the issues of development of this sphere under the influence of restrictive measures related to the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. The need for the effective response of the e-commerce enterprise to certain tendencies is actualized, the necessity of adaptation of management of this enterprise to change of managing conditions, technological and institutional transformations is noted. Problems have been identified and scientific and practical solutions have been formed, focused on improving of e-commerce enterprises efficiency under the influence of environmental factors. The most influential factors that characterize the practice of economic entities functioning in the field of e-commerce at the current stage at the global level are determined. The leading industry trends and conditions of activity in the field of e-commerce are studied and the impact of these trends on the enterprises management in the field of e-commerce is characterized. The strategic guidelines are defined and substantiated, the basic preconditions are outlined and scientific and practical recommendations are given to increase the efficiency of e-commerce enterprises management in modern business conditions in the context of the impact of intra-industry trends. The preconditions for the transformation of business process management practices in e-commerce under the influence of these trends are analyzed

Due to the increasing number of internet users worldwide and the development of e-commerce contracts, the idea of e-consumer protection has become more necessary and has got more attention at the international level. This research aims to examine the justifications of consumer protection in electronic commerce. The importance of this research appears in shadow of enacting the Iraqi Consumer Protection Law No. 1 of 2010, where it did not include any legal provisions for the protection of transactions conducted by through the Internet. We found that the justifications for consumer protection in e-commerce are legal and technical justifications. The most important legal justifications is the legal status of the consumer in relation to the profession, the latter is the strongest economically and cognitively, unlike the consumer who is in a weak position, which makes the relationship between the parties not balanced while, the most important technical justifications is the development in the field of information and communications technology, in addition to the issue of consumer confidence in e-commerce as one of the issues that can limit the size and development of e-commerce.

With the development of e-commerce, different scale, industries and enterprises can improve productivity and profitability in new ways. At the same time, the development of e-commerce makes digital transformation and digital services more and more popular. However, researchers pay little attention to the relationship between the two, and there is still a gap in the bibliometric analysis and research on this topic at present. Under this background, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between electronic commerce and digital transformation. In this paper, 253 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database, and the results were compared with those of "Electronic Commerce", "Innovation Mechanism", "Digital Transformation", "Digital Trade", "Digital Capital" and "Digital Services" and other key words for a comprehensive data and visual analysis. Using big data analysis technology and visualization software, the author analyzes the key words, main research institutions, countries and the sources of publications through four visualized illustrations in order to show the relationship between e-commerce and digital transformation more directly, so as to make up for this research gap, to reshape the traditional business development model and promote the mutual application of e-commerce and digital transformation in the future, it provides the research foreland and thoughts for the development of electronic commerce and digital transformation in our country and even in the world.