УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИМИ ПРОЄКТАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В КОНТЕКСТІ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ

In this paper, we study the trends of investment attractiveness of trade in Russia, connected with unfavorable social and economic factors of recent times, are studied. The analysis shows that despite its high practical significance, the concept of an “innovation and investment project” does not have a commonly accepted scientific definition. There is neither a unified approach to understanding this term, nor a holistic view of the problems and tasks that need to be addressed during the implementation of such projects. An analysis of the concept of an “innovation and investment project” has made it possible to identify the shortcomings in the existing interpretations and to propose a new one. Based on the analysis of systems for innovation and investment project management, we identify the advantages and disadvantages of these systems, and propose a model for a basic system for innovation and investment project management, including: principles, methods, tools for its implementation.

The primary purpose of the research is to develop new scientific approaches to the implementation of joint innovation and investment projects in the framework of cooperation between developing countries on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The methodology of the study included the use of a system of methods: the analytical and induction methods, hypothesis and the synthesis method. As part of the analytical and induction methods, the general theory of investment projects implemented by business entities of two or more countries was investigated. When considering the theory of investment and innovation projects, the following aspects were studied: basic fundamental attributes of project implementation; modelling of investment and innovation projects; modelling of the development of cross-country investment and innovation projects with the participation of two or more countries; factors influencing the effectiveness of cross-country investment and innovation projects. The study focused on the impact of investment and innovation projects on the economic growth of developing countries. Based on the results obtained using the analytical method, the general problems of intensification of investment projects were developed. Based on the identified problems, the method of hypothesis formulation was applied, which allowed formulating postulates on the application of several new methods of integration and economic cooperation of the states. The findings of the research allow in developing a new economic policy of cooperation of developing and, in some aspects, developed countries and applying it in practice in the conditions of increasing global competition.

Introduction. Improving the quality of medical services and raising the effectiveness of the operation of the subjects of the medical system of Ukraine requires intensifying innovation, which needs significant investments. So, the application of qualitative methods for analyzing the efficiency of such projects is of great importance.Problem Statement. Scholarly research and methodological framework and practical recommendations deal with the identification of problem areas and aspects of the implementation of innovation and investment projects at healthcare institutions in Ukraine.Purpose. The purpose is to comprehensively analyze and to identify the problematic aspects of the implementation of innovation and investment projects by healthcare institutions and to determine the measures to address them as well as to increase the effectiveness of the innovation. Material and Methods. In the course of the study, the method of economic and mathematical modeling has been used to perform a composite analysis (using the weighted average method) of the effectiveness of the implementation of innovation and investment projects by the example of healthcare institutions.Results. It has been established that the efficiency of the implementation of innovation and investment projects at healthcare institutions of Ukraine is satisfactory, but such components as the financial and economic sustainability of the project and the quality of intellectual and personnel support, especially the structure of investments and their profitability, staff turnover and the level of professional qualification of medical personnel remain problematic. Financial and economic stability and investment andmarketing development remain the most problematic components of the efficiency.Conclusions. One of the key signs of the efficiency of investment and innovation projects in medicine is their systematic manner that involves a combination of measures to activate and develop investment and innovation in the organizational and institutional (1), the economic (2), the product and service (3), the social and psychological (4) components.

This paper investigates the shift to integrated solutions of incumbent telecommunications operators as part of their business transformation to survive the competitive market. It shows how innovation management and project management can reinforce the various practices at the firm level in order to foster growth and improve performance. Innovation management and project management have different roots and initial drives, but in the last years growing research has been undertaken in order to point out the interconnectedness of both approaches. However, just a few researches have demonstrated how innovation and projects interact and are implemented in practice. Integrated solutions offer such an arena for interaction, and a case study of BT Global Services (BTGS) is used in order to show the interdependencies of innovation and projects. Incumbent telecommunications operators such as BT in the UK need to innovate in order to cope with ever increasing competition in the ICT sector. Driven by a strategy of innovation, BT set up BTGS to deliver integrated solutions projects to large firms. These projects offer in turn a unique position for BT to profit from tacit knowledge about customer needs and wants, innovating for the customers and feeding back to BT’s innovation strategy. This facilitates BT’s long-term strategy in a very competitive and turbulent environment. A theoretical framework, based on a combination of innovation and project management processes, is used to approach the case study of BTGS, and an empirical, more realistic and accurate, framework is offered with the aim of better informing managerial practice.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a strategy for managing the innovation and investment activity of an industrial enterprise at various stages of its life cycle. Based on the analysis and assessment of the efficiency of the implementation of existing strategies, the relevant features of innovation and investment activities of enterprises have been identified. A methodological approach to assessing the meso- and macroeconomic effect of the implementation of transformations at the enterprise depending on the stage of the life cycle is proposed, and an algorithm for determining the most optimal development strategy, which is based on an analysis of the parameters of predicted stability, is compiled. As a result of the study, a new approach to the formation of innovative and investment development of an enterprise was formed, which allows taking into account not only the change in the internal indicators of the economic activity of an enterprise, but also the change in external parameters. In addition, the proposed approach allows determining the economic effect on the basis of a combined assessment of the dynamics of introducing product, technological and managerial innovations, taking into account the efficiency of attracting investment resources that ensure the implementation of innovative transformations.

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of finding answers to questions about what human resources should be provided for innovative projects of enterprises and what are the features of personnel management of innovative projects. This problem is significant for enterprises initiating and implementing innovative projects and programs. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to establish the requirements for the competencies of human resources of innovative projects and to assess the state of human resource management of projects. The relevance of this goal is confirmed by the analysis of publications on this topic. The study was implemented by the online questionnaire method in two stages. At the first stage in 2016, 32 experts from various Russian enterprises were interviewed. At the second stage, 155 experts from 36 enterprises from different regions of Russia (Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Tyumen, Omsk, Novosibirsk) were interviewed in 2020-2021. The study made it possible to describe expert opinions on the competencies of human resources of project teams required for innovative projects, on subjects involved in the management of human resources of innovative projects, and on problems arising in this management. The novelty of the developments lies in the fact that for the first time an analysis of the dynamics of the need for innovative projects in certain, specific to the specifics of this type of projects, personnel competencies is proposed. The analysis of the dynamics over several years of the characteristics of the subjects of human resource management of innovative projects has also been carried out. The results obtained are not only of scientific, but also of practical value, in particular, for enterprises that solve the issues of personnel formation of their innovative projects and determine the nature of personnel management of these projects.

Целью статьи является проведение исследования, анализа и уточнение существующей терминологии в области управления проектами как части менеджмента, выявление особенностей его применения в управлении инвестиционно-строительными проектам. Актуальность выбранной цели обусловлена отсутствием единства в терминологическом определении базовых понятий, а успешное управление проектами в строительной отрасли требует особого внимания к специфической терминологии и методологиям. Автор приводит подробный обзор существующих научных источников по данной тематике. Особое внимание уделяется таким терминам, как «проект», «управление проектом», на основании чего делается вывод об определенной терминологической разобщенности. На основе анализа теоретических аспектов управления проектами автор предлагает рассматривать проект как комплекс взаимосвязанных действий по достижению определенных уникальных целей. Под строительным проектом следует подразумевать строительно-инвестиционный проект, который является комплексом взаимосвязанных действий по созданию объектов недвижимости, при ограничениях, присущих данного рода проектам. В процессе исследования выявляются особенности толкования этих базовых терминов по отношению к строительной отрасли, рассматриваются определения «управление инвестиционно-строительным проектом», «строительно-инвестиционный проект», так как наличие базовых определений не уточняет значения данного термина в конкретной сфере в строительстве. Сделано предложение, что совершенствование научной базы, выявление отдельных тенденций ее развития положительно влияет на отрасль, которая на нее опирается. The purpose of the article is to conduct research, analysis and clarification of existing terminology in the field of project management as part of management, to identify the features of its application in the management of investment and construction projects. The relevance of the chosen goal is due to the lack of unity in the terminological definition of basic concepts, and successful project management in the construction industry requires special attention to specific terminology and methodologies. The author provides a detailed overview of existing scientific sources on this topic. Special attention is paid to such terms as "project", "project management", on the basis of which a conclusion is drawn about a certain terminological disunity. Based on the analysis of the theoretical aspects of project management, the author suggests considering the project as a set of interrelated actions to achieve certain unique goals. A construction project should be understood as a construction and investment project, which is a set of interrelated actions to create real estate objects, with the limitations inherent in this kind of projects. In the course of the research, the peculiarities of the interpretation of these basic terms in relation to the construction industry are revealed, the definitions of "investment and construction project management", "construction and investment project" are considered, since the presence of basic definitions does not clarify the meaning of this term in a specific area in our case, in construction. It is suggested that the improvement of the scientific base, the identification of individual trends in its development has a positive effect on the industry that relies on it.

The article is devoted to the problematic issues of tax incentives for Russian companies. The main prerequisite of the research is that the domestic practice of tax incentives does not meet the interests of the state, since it is in clear contradiction with the declared principles of economic development. The provided tax privileges should promote the investment activity of business. However, tax incentives are often offered to those enterprises that are not able to use them effectively. Justification of tax benefits requires identifying enterprise’s investment activity factors, the level of which is largely determined by the corporate life cycle stage and industry specificity. Hypotheses about the importance of corporate age and economic activity, formulated for the purposes of this study, have been empirically confirmed. It was proved that the investment activity of Russian enterprises demonstrated different dynamics in the conditions of the economic crisis. In the manufacturing industry, in particular, most enterprises increased the volume of fixed assets, while in the spheres of petroleum products, dairy products, chemical products, communications on the basis of wire technologies, there was a decline in investment activity. The change in investment activity in the period under study was due to various factors for both enterprises of different industries and enterprises of the same industry characterized by different corporate ages. The results obtained let us conclude that a unified approach to tax incentives for enterprises’ investment activity cannot be justified. In the opinion of the authors, “targeted” tools of tax incentives are more efficient. Highlights 1. Tax incentives should meet the interests of the state, contributing to the development of the economy. However, in Russia it is increasingly reduced to tax benefits, which increase in volume, but do not bring the desired effect, including the fact that they do not contribute to the growth of investment activity of enterprises 2. It was revealed that the investment activity of the enterprise depends to a significant extent on the stage of the life cycle and industry specificity, which, in the opinion of the authors, should be considered as the determinants of tax incentives. Accordingly, the authors offer the hypotheses about the importance of the corporate age and the sphere of financial and economic activity in shaping the factors of Russian enterprise investment activity 3. Investment activity models for young, adult and old manufacturing enterprises, as well as companies for the manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products, dairy products, chemicals and chemical products, and communications based on wire technologies have been constructed. It is shown that these models have independent significance, and the factors of investment activity really depend on the corporate age and industry specificity 4. Thus, it is argued that the system of tax incentives in Russia requires development: we should abandon unsystematic tax incentives in favor of target instruments that take into account the financial characteristics of the taxpayer more flexibly For citation Ivanov V. V., Lvova N. A., Pokrovskaia N. V. Naumenkova S. V. Determinants of tax incentives for investment activity of enterprises. Journal of Tax Reform, 2018, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 125–141. DOI: 10.15826/jtr.2018.4.2.048 Article info Received June 9, 2018; accepted July 22, 2018

Methodological Aspects of Project Techniques Selection for Innovation Project Management

Introduction. Global innovation challenges existing in the world at this current stage, activation of strategic innovation policy on gaining positions in the Global Innovation Index by the states, rapidly changing consumer demands, the struggle to maintain the advantages of leadership for competitiveness in the world market, the sudden appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic – faced the countries of the world before the complex challenges, which turned the production of innovative products and services, and the modernization of existing ones into an essential condition in a short period. Aim and tasks. The research aims to work out ways of improving the problems arising in Georgia's innovative business project management. The following objectives should be carried out to achieve the research goal: studying the characteristics of innovative business project management from the origin of an innovative business idea to its realization based on research and statistical data analysis Results. There have been reviewed problems in the management of innovative business projects-difficulties in adequately designing the business model to improve the business idea, which requires extra time, finances, and an experienced professional team. All of these hinder the startups' ability to go through the business process, turn the idea into a competitive product, carry out the correct marketing campaign, and build partnership relations at the local and international levels. Due to the urgency of the issue, the rating of Georgia has been studied regarding the innovation development of the Global Innovation Index. The positive attitude of the country towards the innovation policy has been determined, as reflected in the innovation policy carried out by the government. By analyzing the statistical data, grants and their effectiveness as issued to business projects by "Startup Georgia", "Produce in Georgia", and the European Union have been compared. Conclusions. The conclusions have been developed by analyzing the results of the research to eliminate the mentioned problems, according to which the constantly changing environment of the market economy forces companies to quickly adapt to market challenges to gain competitiveness and eliminate the problems existing in project management in parallel with the production of innovative products with the participation of professional project managers.

The purpose of the article is to develop a new methodological approach to the analysis of innovative activity of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in order to ensure their sustainable economic development, taking into account the factors of economic growth. Research methods. The scientific provisions on planning innovation activities and analysis of innovative processes (the essence and content of innovation activity of enterprises are justified), modeling and organization of innovation activity, forecasting its results in economic systems (modern trends in the development of methods for analyzing and assessing innovation activity of enterprises in the system activity), as well as general scientific methods of cognition: systemic (formulated the problems of assessing the innovative activity of enterprises from the standpoint of ensuring their sustainable development and determining potential ways to solve them), complex (analysis of the parameters of the innovative activity of domestic enterprises), abstract-logical (the influence of environmental factors on the innovative activity of the enterprise is analyzed), functional and structural-level research methods (the relationship of internal factors of the enterprise's innovative activity is considered), methods of analysis and synthesis (the relationship of the internal factors of the enterprise's innovative activity is analyzed), evolutionary and historical approaches (the relationship of the factors of the enterprise's innovative activity with the parameters of its sustainable development is considered). Research results. The methodological foundations of the innovative activity of agro-industrial complex enterprises have been theoretically substantiated as the degree of intensity of their actions on the creation and development (practical implementation) of innovations in the context of rapidly changing external conditions and tough market competition. Despite the high cost of mistakes in the innovative development of agricultural enterprises, the analysis of the innovative activity of an enterprise is an important tool for ensuring their sustainable economic development. Scientific novelty. The elements of scientific novelty lie in the theoretical substantiation and experimental confirmation of a new methodological approach to the analysis of the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises in order to ensure their sustainable economic development. This makes it possible to determine the tools for intensifying the activities of enterprises through building up and productive use of intellectual potential. The concept of “innovative activity of enterprises” is clarified and it is shown that this is one of the main characteristics of their innovative activity. The composition of the parameters of innovative activity of enterprises has been improved and a set of factors stimulating and restraining the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises has been determined. On the basis of the conducted analytical studies, the interrelation and power of the mutual influence of factors of innovative activity of enterprises, as well as the relationship of these factors with the parameters of sustainable economic development, were revealed. Practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using its provisions and conclusions when analysing the relationship of internal factors of innovative activity of an enterprise, as well as when analysing the relationship between factors of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises with an assessment of the sustainability of their market development. The proposed set of methodological recommendations makes it possible to assess the innovative activity of an enterprise in the interests of its sustainable economic development. Tabl.: 2. Refs.: 22.

Purpose: To highlight how the theme innovation unfolds within the scope of project management and how both have been addressed in scientific literature in the last two decades Methodology: This research is a Systematic Literature Review, where procedures were applied in the selection of articles in Scopus and Web of Science databases, for the identification and interpretation of the main publications on the topic in the scientific literature, seeking to understand its relevance and evolution the last twenty years. Findings: The obtained sample, based on the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases, totaled 13 articles from different sectors and areas of knowledge, with a predominance of publications linked mainly to the research and development area, with greater progress in innovation projects. Practical Implications: This research contributes to improving the understanding of the benefits of the practice of managing innovation projects. Social implications: The findings of this research will contribute to the understanding of how the management of innovation projects can contribute to maximize success in the dealings practiced in these projects. And due to the particular characteristics of innovation, focus on management efficiency and focus on results. Originality: This research addresses current and very broad themes - project management and innovation - involving several disciplines (human and social capital, teams, strategy, conflict management, knowledge management, governance, innovation, integration, research and development, intellectual property, behavioral theory), in an unprecedented way and seeks to define the new paradigm of development called Innovation Project Management.

Consideration of closed-end mutual funds (CEMF) as an alternative to other forms of cost management for investment and construction projects became possible as a result of the formation of the legislative framework for CEMF in Russia, the development of the real estate market, and the search by developers for an optimal financial intermediary. As a result of consideration of the issues of cost management of Investment and construction projects in the Russian market in economic research and conferences, it was noted that the CEMF can be used as a comprehensive mechanism for solving problems in development not only for builders and developers of CEMF, but also for real estate owners, banks and other creditors [1]. The purpose of the research is to improve the methodological and practical aspects of cost management of investment and construction projects and to develop cost optimization tools. The subject of the research is the cost management system of a development project. The theoretical basis of the research is the fundamental works of domestic and foreign researchers devoted to the problems of financing, the implementation of Investment and construction projects, the specifics and risks of financing investment and construction projects. Methods of analysis, methods of abstraction, classification, comparison, dialectical and general scientific approaches, quantitative and qualitative analysis are used as the methodological basis of the research.

Purpose: the aim of the article is to reveal problems and prospects, formulate economic security within the framework of innovation projects management, plan technologies in the context of integrating economies into the world economy, identify opportunities for forming, organizing, financing, managing priority economic directions. The subject is the management of innovative projects to ensure the economic security of Russian regions. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the study of the features of the current state and the problems of the formation of economic security, the development of innovative design solutions in the context of integrating economies into the world economy. Ensuring the economic security of the regions of Russia directly depends on the introduction of innovative technologies and project management in the sectors of the national economy of Russia. Methods: the methodology of the solution of objectives is based on usage of a method of dialectic research, methods of the economic analysis, forecasting, the situational and systemic analysis, expert evaluations and the analysis of empirical data. Hypothesis. Ensuring an economic safety requires formation of innovative solutions, change of the current legislation within the Strategy of social and economic development in the conditions of integration of economies into the world economy. Results: the practical significance of the work is to identify the interrelationship between the development processes of innovative projects that ensure the economic security of the regions of Russia within the framework of regulating the current legislation, forecasting effective economic activity within the framework of the New Industrialization Strategy, selecting optimal project planning models to ensure the country's economic security and competitiveness in the conditions of integration Economies into the world economy. Conclusions and Relevance: in the conditions of integration of economies into the world economy and the formation of integrated development programs, effective use of resources and land within the territories is necessary. There is a need to change the current legislation in the framework of ensuring economic security in the project management system and the introduction of innovative technologies.

Investment and construction companies that have adopted the principles of sustainable development need to transform the project management system accordingly. The article discusses the integration of sustainable development in the management system of investment and construction projects. For this purpose, an analysis of scientific works in this area was conducted. During the study, the correspondence of adaptive management to the concept of sustainable development was revealed. As a result, the certain project management tools (Impact Map, management tasks assignment matrix / RACI (responsible, accountable, consult, inform), kanban board, DMAIC concept (define, measure, analyse, improve, control), Lean Six Sigma, business model canvas for sustainability) were compared with the mechanisms for integration of sustainable development (the definition of sustainable development activities, commitment action log, acceptance (consideration) of complaints, the improvement of sustainable development implementation in investment and construction projects and determination of sustainable development results in reporting). As a result, the problems of accounting and tracing at all stages of sustainable development requirements, as well as the problems of formation of correspondence reporting, were solved.