Методологія системного аналізу щодо дослідження проблем енергоефективності в Україні

Objective. The goal of the study is to identify ways to improve energy efficiency by conducting a comprehensive analysis of engineering systems of a house, taking into account the existing model of energy supply and by monitoring the indicators of influence on the efficiency of engineering and technical equipment. Methods. The main method is based on a survey of the level of energy efficiency of heating and hot water supply systems. Results. The article discusses the concept of energy efficiency of a building, energy efficiency class, main utility systems of a residential building, indicators of influence on the state of systems, engineering component and ways to improve it. The article addresses issues related to a full analysis of existing systems in order to assess the implementation of necessary energy-saving measures, as well as their risks and benefits. The possibilities of controlling energy consumption and efficiency of works carried out due to the reconstruction of utility systems of the building have been determined. The results of the analysis of energy-efficient measures, and the feasibility of implementing each of them have been determined in order to identify optimal solutions. Conclusion. Increasing the energy efficiency of building utility systems is one of the priority tasks for creating comfortable living conditions. The energy efficiency class of building utility systems is established according to the state of a system, takes into account all quality indicators for energy consumption, and the energy certificate fully shows the level of energy efficiency.

Energy efficiency (EE) level has become an essential environmental index of products and can be improved by EE innovation. With consideration of EE level evolution and market differentiation, an optimal control model under a two-market framework is proposed to investigate EE innovation and two-stage pricing strategies. Impacts of consumer environmental awareness (CEA) and EE standard on optimal investment and pricing strategies are discussed. Results indicate that environmental awareness and standard result in strategy shift. As environmental awareness increases, the EE level driven by investment strategy may switch from staying in traditional market, to expanding markets by entering the green market and remaining at the standard, till capturing the green market and keeping above that standard. Impacts of standard on strategy shift exhibit a tricky trend. For loose and appropriate standards, the producer prefers to invest more to expand market by entering the green market with the increase of standard. However, a stringent standard may prevent the producer from entering the green market. In addition, optimal prices in both stages are positively impacted by the CEA and the standard.

Life cycle cost analysis of energy-efficient buildings subjected to earthquakes

This paper concerns the necessity of ecosystem protection and energy efficiency rating development. The article analyzes the experience of the non-commercial Environmental and Energy Rating Agency (Interfax-ERA) ratings concerning the environmental assessment of Russian regions and the transfer of successful knowledge for evaluating 31 Chinese provinces. The theoretical base, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the energy-resource efficiency (ERE) rating, technological efficiency (TE), and ecosystem impact (EI) ratings are proposed based on the system methodology, developed within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The primary study objective is to determine whether the Interfax-ERA rating methodology and considered criteria could be applied in China to assess the provinces’ environmental, technological, and energy efficiency. The research highlights the importance of multifunctional tools for developing experiences and sharing methodological experiences across countries. The study efficiently emphasizes provinces with a high level of energy efficiency and technological innovations as well as the provinces with the deficient level of eco-oriented economy policy. The results show two types of systematic deviations—significantly high-level impact on the ecosystem in the Chinese provinces and considerably high levels of energy and resource efficiency in capitals and business centers.

The article is devoted to consideration of issues related to assessing the energy efficiency of a coal mining enterprise. Coal mining enterprises are characterized by a large volume of energy intensive ore mining operations. The article presents possible ways of energy saving in the mining industry. During the research, a system of energy efficiency indicators for coal mining enterprises is presented. Materials and methods. The article proposes a system of indicators for coal enterprises based on existing methods and approaches to assessing energy efficiency. Energy consumption dependence graphs, benchmarking, and pinch analysis are considered as a starting point. Results. The study presents a system of energy efficiency indicators for coal mining enterprises. The proposed system has several levels. The existing methods and approaches for assessing this important indicator for industrial enterprises in the coal industry as a whole are considered. The author’s approach to formalizing the system of energy efficiency indicators for coal mining enterprises is proposed. The significance of energy audit as a key assessment measure is indicated and its stages are highlighted. The influencing factors determining energy costs and their reduction for a coal mining enterprise are systematized, barriers preventing the practical implementation of energy saving measures are analyzed. Discussion. The proposed metrics system provides a comprehensive framework for assessing the energy efficiency of coal mining enterprises at various levels. Its flexibility allows it to be applied to the analysis of individual equipment units, production processes, and overall enterprise performance. Its multi-level approach provides a detailed understanding of energy consumption, which allows for informed decision-making to optimize operations. At the equipment level, the metrics system evaluates the energy consumption and efficiency of individual machines and devices. At the production process level, the metrics system analyzes the energy consumption and efficiency of various stages of coal mining. At the enterprise level, the metrics system provides a comprehensive assessment of overall energy efficiency. It takes into account energy consumption at all levels and allows enterprises to compare their performance with each other and with industry benchmarks. Conclusion. Energy efficiency assessment of a coal mining enterprise allows to understand how and where energy is used, where its use can be improved, and how to reduce its costs. To conduct an energy efficiency assessment, the article proposes a system of indicators, highlighting the features of an energy audit. The main advantage of the proposed system of indicators is that it covers a wide range of energy consumption indicators, which are carefully selected and located at different levels of detail. In general, a balanced approach to the level of detail and generalization in the system of indicators provides flexibility in adapting indicators to specific research questions and helps to interpret the results in the context of structural differences between energy systems. Resume. Overall, the proposed metrics system offers a comprehensive approach to analyzing the energy efficiency of coal mining enterprises, covering all levels of operations. Its use allows enterprises to improve energy efficiency, reduce operating costs, and contribute to a more sustainable coal mining industry. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The use and implementation of the developed system at a coal mining company allows it to improve energy efficiency, reduce operating costs and contribute to a more sustainable coal mining industry.

The work sets out the basic conditions for the functioning of Ukrainian electric networks, including: the need to comply with the requirements of European integration; functioning in conditions of a deficit in generating capacity and market relations; changing the nature of electricity consumption; wear and tear of electric network equipment. The tasks that are associated with the conditions for functioning and require solutions for the reliable functioning of electric networks and further activities of Ukraine as a member of the European Union are indicated. The main tasks set out in the work include: improving the reliability of electricity supply; the need to increase the level of informatization, automation and energy efficiency. It is noted that on the way to solving the set tasks, the implementation of work on the reconstruction of electric networks is carried out, the basis for financing which is investment programs. The issue of improving the energy efficiency of the process of transforming electric energy under the current conditions of the functioning of the Ukrainian electric networks is revealed and analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, it is established that the issue of improving the energy efficiency of the process of transforming electric energy is relevant at the time of reconstructing electric networks. It is indicated that the analysis of the energy efficiency of transforming electric energy can be carried out on the basis of a technical and economic model of the costs of transforming electric energy and the parameters that affect the size of the costs. It is noted that in the case of presenting the parameters included in the technical and economic models of costs for the transformation of electrical energy in the form of separate components, a competing effect is observed between the components. It is noted that the advisability of the formulation of general calculation methods for calculating the economic component during the review of the nominal power of transformers.

Spatial club convergence of regional energy efficiency in China

The article is devoted to the analysis of the questions of the development of the mechanism of forming of Russia’s fuel & energy companies’ policy in the sphere of energy saving and energy efficiency increase based on improving the informational and analytical base of a company’s activity efficiency level assessment. The events’ implementation effectiveness of the corporate policy in the sphere of energy efficiency depends, first of all, on the optimal combination of the tools applied. The fundamental processes of high-quality enterprise management in these conditions could be developing and improving the key indicators of the reached energy efficiency level of a company and its monitoring that should cover all the aspects of stable development. In the article, there are suggested and tested the authorial methodology of the energy efficiency level assessment of fuel-and-energy companies with the example of the leading oil and gas companies using the financial and non-financial statements reports (in accordance with the international report composing standards). Keywords: energy efficiency, fuel and energy complex, oil and gas industry, energy efficiency indicators, energy efficiency increasing tools. JEL Classifications: Q40, Q43, Q48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.9083

Energy efficiency evaluation of industrial park customers is carried out to help customers develop optimization strategies and improve the energy efficiency level. The evaluation indexes are proposed based on pressure-state-response (PSR) model and the redundant indexes are selected by combining principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis. Thus the dynamic energy efficiency index system is constructed. The weight of indexes is calculated by the entropy weight method (EWM). An energy efficiency evaluation model based on improved Grey-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed, which replaces the Euclidean distance by weighted grey correlation degree and can accurately evaluate customers’ energy efficiency level. An energy efficiency optimization model is proposed, which can maximize optimization benefits while improving energy efficiency. The validity of the evaluation and optimization models is verified by the case study of an industrial park.

In this paper, a systematical study on the relationship between the power conversion technique used and the energy efficiency achieved on induction cooker was carried out. A new classification of induction cooker was proposed based on the new technologies and construction invented recently, and the past classifications of induction cooker used. The corresponding energy efficiency on different types of induction cookers was studied accordingly. A new energy efficiency labelling scheme in Hong Kong was also proposed based on the recent situation and the new classification. This proposed labelling scheme can be used as reference by the manufacturers of induction cooker on the selection of power conversion techniques with various levels of energy efficiency.

As a high energy-consuming industry, electrolytic aluminum industry consumes too much social resources, which needs to further improve its energy efficiency. This paper analyzes the different views of evaluating the energy efficiency level of electrolytic aluminum industry, and presents it in the form of constructing energy efficiency evaluation index system. Through the calculation of the index and the determination of weight, the level of energy efficiency in the typical scene of electrolytic aluminum industry is evaluated. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the evaluation method. This study provides guidance for the improvement of energy efficiency of electrolytic aluminum, and lays the foundation for the implementation of the follow-up energy efficiency improvement scheme.

ABSTRACTSub-Saharan Africa consumes far less energy per capita than world energy use per capita, yet energy efficiency is far lower in Africa. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been active in developing an energy efficiency policy aiming to improve efficiency levels in the region to be comparable to world levels. However, benchmarks used for the policy are based on traditional efficiency and intensity ratios. We examine the energy efficiency and energy productivity changes of ECOWAS members using nonparametric non-radial efficiency and dynamic productivity assessment techniques that take into consideration undesirable outputs. We find differences in the nature and levels of energy efficiency and sources of inefficiency among member states. We also observe that the major source of energy productivity growth in the region mainly relates to technical changes outside direct state control. There is a need for institutionalization of energy efficiency in the region by considering country-specific policies.

Owing to the increased greenhouse gas emissions and threat of environmental pollution, scholars have drawn attention to the issue of energy efficiency in recent decades. One of the main practical policies related to energy efficiency is deploying green tax and green financing tools. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of issued green bonds and environmental taxes on energy efficiency in the 27 European Union (EU) member states from 2010 to 2021. The major results confirm that green bonds accelerate the process of improvement of the level of energy efficiency in EU members. In the EU, environmental taxation is an efficient fiscal policy to encourage enterprises to conduct different policies and projects to improve their energy efficiency levels. In addition, a 1% increase in the gross domestic product leads to an increase in energy efficiency of the EU by nearly 0.39%. The recommended practical policies are promoting the green bond market through more transparency and marketing among private investors, paying attention to the concept of green economic recovery, and issuing digital green bonds (DGBs).

The study presents a comparative analysis of technical solutions and technologies for energy-efficient capital repairs of apartment buildings. The purpose of the study is to determine the most effective ways to increase the energy efficiency of a residential building by carrying out repair work. The methodological approaches of the study are based on a statistical analysis of the data on the results of major repairs in the practice of world construction. According to the results of the study, it was found that when planning major repairs in order to reduce energy consumption, special attention should be paid to choosing a set of technical solutions that collectively contribute to improving the energy efficiency of a residential building. The analysis showed that with the introduction of modern energy-saving technologies, the overhaul of apartment buildings makes it possible to modernize each building, increasing its level of energy efficiency and prolong its service life for at least a quarter of a century, which as a result improves the quality of life of citizens and accelerates the economic growth of the country. In our opinion, taking into account the international experience of reducing heat losses and energy consumption in residential apartment buildings, it is necessary to adopt new rules establishing approaches to determining the energy efficiency class and appropriate labeling of construction products, with a transition from using a relative indicator (deviations of the actual or projected annual specific energy consumption from the normative value) to setting minimum and maximum values (ranges of values) of energy consumption in apartment buildings for each energy efficiency class.

In this work, a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactor has been developed for the decomposition of CO2 at atmospheric pressure. The response surface methodology based on a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design has been developed to investigate the effects of key independent process parameters (discharge power, feed flow rate, and discharge length) and their interactions on the reaction performance in terms of CO2 conversion and the energy efficiency of the plasma process. Two quadratic polynomial regression models have been established to understand the relationships between the plasma process parameters and the performance of the CO2 conversion process. The results indicate that the discharge power is the most important factor affecting CO2 conversion, while the feed flow rate has the most significant impact on the energy efficiency of the process. The interactions between different plasma process parameters have a very weak effect on the conversion of CO2. However, the interactions of the discharge length with either discharge power or gas flow rate have a significant effect on the energy efficiency of the plasma process. The optimal process performance- CO2 conversion (14.3%) and energy efficiency (8.0%) for the plasma CO2 conversion process is achieved at a discharge power of 15.8 W, a feed flow rate of 41.9 ml · min−1 and a discharge length of 150 mm as the highest global desirability of 0.816 is obtained at these conditions. The reproducibility of the experimental results successfully demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of the design of experiments approach for the optimization of the plasma CO2 conversion process.