존 듀이 미적 경험의 이해를 위한 젤트너의 제안

BackgroundIncreasing attention has been paid to the ‘voice’ of people living with MCI or dementia, but there is a lack of clarity about how everyday life is exercised, lived, and understood from this insider’s perspective. The current study aimed to explore and identify the everyday life experiences, challenges and facilitators, of home living individuals with MCI and dementia.MethodOur study adopted a scoping review methodology, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. Eight databases were searched, resulting in 6345 records, of which 58 papers were included in the review. Only qualitative studies were included, published between 2011 and 2021. Analysis was done by descriptive content analysis.ResultIncluded study characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Our findings were categorized into seven spheres of everyday life: experiences related to the condition, the self, relationships, activities, environment, health and social care, and public opinions [Figure 1, Table 2]. Results show the many disruptions and losses in everyday life and the ways people try to adapt to these changes. Highlighted in every area is the importance of reciprocal relationships and being engaged as citizens in the community in a meaningful way. Included studies showed no differences between groups in the impact on the experience of everyday life, such as between MCI and dementia.ConclusionThis review shows that the change of focus from healthcare to all aspects of everyday life provides insight into the insider’s perspective of people living with dementia. The majority of included studies emphasize the social needs of people living with MCI or dementia. All areas of everyday life seem to be closely intertwined and reflect an socioecological model [1], [2], [3]. Furthermore, perhaps one of the defining aspects of MCI according to the current definition, that symptoms do not interfere with daily life, requires more nuance. More research is needed on factors that promote and impede the sense of reciprocity and belonging, as experienced by people living with MCI and dementia.

Purpose Older adults aged ≥ 80 years living alone at home are more likely to experience challenges. Daily life experiences regarding living alone are still limited in the Asian context. This study explored the everyday life experiences of older Chinese residents living alone at home. Research questions included: (1) How do Chinese community-dwelling old people describe everyday life experiences related to living alone? (2) What kind of difficulties and needs do Chinese community-dwelling older people living alone face in everyday lives? (3) How do Chinese community-dwelling older people cope with challenges faced in their everyday lives related to living alone? Methods This was qualitative descriptive research. Purposive sampling was adopted to recruit 13 participants aged 80–92 years of age from communities and one hospital. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data which was analysed by conventional content analysis. Results Three themes were identified: theme 1–difficulty in finding a sense of belonging, theme 2–striving to maintain independence, theme 3–hard to gain a sense of control. Conclusions This study provided novel insights into understanding the difficulties and needs of Chinese older people living alone at home. Three key challenges and associated strategies they used to cope with in daily lives were presented.

The paper is based on the assumption that modern art centralises aesthetic experience in a specific way, why it as well be may regarded – in contrast to the rather forced interpretation of art already opposed by Susan Sontag (Sontag 2001, 10) – as an appropriate mode for encountering art. However, the theoretical discourse on aesthetic experience is characterised by opposite poles, which will be examined in the first part of this paper. On the one hand, there is the utopian conception around 1800, in which the reflection on aesthetic experience originally is rooted, in Friedrich Schiller’sOn the Aesthetic Education of Man(cf. Noetzel 2006, 198) or Friedrich Schlegel’s imaginations of a life in art inLucinde(cf. Dziudzia 2015, 38sqq.). On the other hand, the reflections in the German discourse at the beginning of the 20th century are marked in a conspicuously negative way, which can still be seen until the 1980s.In the theoretical first part of the essay, a few cursory positions on the ›problem of the aesthetic human being‹ will be considered initially, which reject aesthetic views in everyday life and evaluate such tendencies as forms of social decay. Concerned about morality on the surface, these positions indeed aim at criticising individual lifestyles in a modern world, which, in particular, are opposed to conservative and collectivist ideas of society and morality. These discourse positions, which are ultimately ideologically grounded, then lead to the deliberate reflections on aesthetic experience, as they unfold most notably from the 1970s onwards, where they form the implicit background.As will be shown, the explicitly negative evaluation expressed in the earlier positions then shapes the assessments of aesthetic experience of Hans-Robert Jauß (cf. Jauß 2007), Peter Bürger (cf. Bürger 1977) and Rüdiger Bubner (cf. Bubner 1989) as a fundamental, rather implicit scepticism. For the most part, their positions seem to make it impossible to think of the aesthetic experience as enrichment or to evaluate it positively, as is common in the US-American discourse, for instance.The latter stance, which is, in essence, initiated by John Dewey and his consciously non-strict separation between art and everyday life as well as his decidedly anti-elitist understanding of art and aesthetics, is more in keeping with the utopian concepts of around 1800. However, his writings only find late distribution in Germany (cf. Dewey 1980). In contrast to Dewey’s position – and Susan Sontag’s explicit rejection of the interpretation as a violent act and the omittance of the sensual experience of the artwork (Sontag 2001) – the critical condemnation of aesthetic experience, which ultimately remains unfounded in the German discourse (because of its implicit ideological origin), now appears challenged.In fact, attentive observation in an aesthetic stance becomes part of the aesthetic programme in modern art across the board (cf. Dziudzia 2015b). Bürger reflects on this and offers – especially in the examination of Marcel ProustIn Search of Lost Time – a productive proposal to grasp the ›aestheticizing perception‹ (as he calls it) as a literary technique. In his conception, Bürger refers to media as a specific ›projection area‹ of aesthetic experience, especially in literature around 1900. The ›imaginary fadings‹ (cf. Schmitz-Emans 2001) in modern literature are, following Bürger, to be further thought of as ›exponentiated‹ aesthetic experiences, which find their form not only around 1900 but also in more recent literature.Therefore, in the second part of the paper and the exemplary reading of a contemporary German novel, Martin MosebachsDer Mond und das Mädchen(The Moon and the Maiden), published in 2007, it is to be shown how aesthetic experience finds complex forms. In the specific shaping of imaginary fadings in the interplay of figure and narrator level, especially in recourse to the medium film to be observed therein, the ambivalence of the theoretical concept of aesthetic experience insinuates as will be argued.

Do you like Arcimboldo's? Esthetic appreciation modulates brain activity in solving perceptual ambiguity

Direct questioning about the ‘felt sense’ of organizational actions or artefacts is an accepted way to explore organizational members’ aesthetic experience. However, this requires organizational members to be able to talk about their aesthetic experience, to translate that felt sense into language. I suggest this is often difficult due to aesthetic muteness, which is a significant problem, not just for research but for organizational practice in general. I use empirical data to illustrate how this aesthetic muteness is manifested in the research process as organizational members’ difficulty in approaching their experience from an aesthetic perspective, reframing from ‘feeling’ to ‘thinking’, inability to recall aesthetic experience and denial of aesthetic experience. I then speculate that aesthetic muteness might be caused by threats to harmony, efficiency and images of power and effectiveness and that the consequences of aesthetic muteness are aesthetic amnesia, a narrowed conception of organizational aesthetics and aesthetic stress.

‘Yanhuo Chi’: An everyday aesthetic tourism experience

Empirical aesthetics has found its way into mainstream cognitive science. Until now, most research has focused either on identifying the internal processes that underlie a perceiver's aesthetic experience or on identifying the stimulus features that lead to a specific type of aesthetic experience. To progress, empirical aesthetics must integrate these approaches into a unified paradigm that encourages researchers to think in terms of temporal dynamics and interactions between: (i) the stimulus and the perceiver; (ii) different systems within the perceiver; and (iii) different layers of the stimulus. At this critical moment, empirical aesthetics must also clearly identify and define its key concepts, sketch out its agenda, and specify its approach to grow into a coherent and distinct discipline.

The aim of this study was to explore family members' experiences of everyday life in families with adult people living with type 1 diabetes. The grounded theory method was used to gather and analyse data from the interviews of nineteen family members. Six concepts describing the family members' views on everyday living with diabetes were generated on the basis of the data. Everyday life with diabetes is described as being intertwined with hypoglycemia. Becoming acquainted with diabetes takes place little by little. Being involved in the management and watching self-management from the sidelines are concepts describing family members' participation in the daily management of diabetes. The family members are also integrating diabetes into everyday life. Living on an emotional roller-coaster tells about the thoughts and feelings that family members experience. Family members of adult people with diabetes are involved in the management of the diabetes in many ways and experience many concerns. The family members' point of view is important to take into consideration when developing education for adults with diabetes.

AimNewborn screening represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of children with cystic fibrosis. This study aimed to explore parents' everyday life experiences from the time of diagnosis and in the following months.MethodsNarrative interviews were conducted at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, with parents (mothers = 15 and fathers =14) of 15 term‐born children with a mean age of 2 weeks (range 1–3.5 weeks). Participant observation and field notes were used to complement interview data. The analysis was inspired by Kvale and Brinkmann.ResultsThree themes were identified. First, on diagnosis, a profound difference in parents' experience was observed depending on whether the diagnosis was communicated by a medical doctor from the cystic fibrosis team or by a paediatrician from another hospital. Second, during the initial meetings and subsequent relationships with the cystic fibrosis team, the knowledge and calmness exhibited by the doctors and nurses were very valuable. Third, regarding everyday life after the diagnosis, most parents described experiencing anxiety and concern for their child's future.ConclusionThe parents' experiences highlighted essential elements that should be implemented to optimise the patient care pathway as they are fundamental to parents' ability to cope with the new living conditions.

Objectives: This exploratory study assessed young Dutch people’s emerging sexual experiences in everyday life, in addition to examine the feasibility of a mixed-methods diary study. Methods: Using one-week diaries, 12- –17-year-olds recorded qualitative reports of their everyday romantic and sexual experiences. Results: The qualitative findings identify “Making Contact” as a profound theme; however, it was expressed differently for each romantic and sexual experience. Contrary to the general idea, girls did not report more about romantic topics than boys did, nor did boys report more about sexual activities than girls did. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating a broad spectrum of everyday-life romantic and sexual experiences in future research, and have provided valuable support for the implementation of a forthcoming two-year diary study.

To describe the diverse methodologies for researching daily life a variety of terms have been coined: ecological momentary assessment (EMA), ambulatory assessment, experience sampling method (ESM), real-time data capture, or digital phenotyping, just to name a few. In line with the definition of the international society devoted to researching daily life Society for Ambulatory Assessment (SAA), these various terms serve to highlight the different origins and ancestors. Researchers in the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States started developing cutting-edge methods to assess dynamics of behavior and experience in everyday life in the 1970s and 1980s. Although the diverse backgrounds can be clearly differentiated, with Ambulatory Assessment having a focus on combining e-diaries with physiological and behavioral monitoring—ESM, by using paper-pencil diaries and pagers, and EMA, by utilizing e-diaries early on—these research groups coined their terms to describe a broad set of tools to assess affective experiences, cognition, behavior, and physiological processes in daily life. Accordingly, the Society for Ambulatory Assessment introduced “ambulatory assessment” as the umbrella term, covering a range of real-time data capture methodologies that originate from different scientific disciplines (psychology, medicine, computer science, etc.), and it focuses on the common goal, namely, to assess the ongoing behavior, physiology, experience, and environmental aspects of people in naturalistic settings. Distinct features of ambulatory assessment, which differentiates it from traditional assessment approaches like retrospective questionnaires or laboratory-based techniques, include: (1) assessment of data in the real world, increasing the ecological validity and generalizability of the method, (2) focus on individuals’ momentary or very recent states to minimize retrospective biases, (3) ability to study within-subject processes and dynamics, (4) possibility for multimodal and context-specific assessments, and (5) use of real-time analyses to trigger situational assessments and interventions.

Purpose – The transition into motherhood is a major life course event for most women, and is one that can be fraught with difficulties due to the uncertainty and instability which accompanies it. Previous research has explored what factors interplay within this transition with identity changes being considered a key attribute. By using assemblage theory, this study aims to undertake an innovative approach to conceptualising identity. Assemblage theory permitted an exploration of how an identity comes to be assembled and embodied through a mother’s relationality with the social world around her as opposed to merely exploring identity as a static entity of a fixed, organic whole as has predominantly been done previously. Assemblage theory is premised upon understanding processes of becoming as opposed to states of being and as such takes a machinic approach to understanding wholes. Rather than being organic totalities, they are conceptualised as being transient and fluid entities comprising an amalgamation of inter- changeable components which collectively stabilise to make up the whole. At times of change, an individual’s ties to an identity undergo deterritorialisation, or weaken, as their sense of self and identity readjusts before then experiencing reterritorialisation once they (re)established their ties to a new identity or role. By conceptualising the mothers as assemblages in this manner, it became possible to understand how the women reconstructed their selves and identities through the situated practices and experiences in their everyday lives as they established ties to their new role as a mother. Methodology/approach – Results are presented from biographical narrative interviews with 10 mothers each at different stages in motherhood. The inter- views focussed on inducing uninterrupted narratives detailing the lived experiences of these women as they transitioned into and across motherhood. These interviews highlighted key stages in the transition into motherhood where a woman’s identity and sense of self would become destabilised and reformulated as a result of changes in her everyday lived experiences and routines. Findings – Transitioning into motherhood proved to be a multifaceted pro- cess that comprises numerous stages where the new mothers identities would become unstable and deterritorialise as they faced new routines in their everyday life as they became a mother and settled into the role. Four dominant themes emerged during data analysis; emotional turmoil, the reconstruction of relationships, getting comfortable with their baby as well as rediscovering the self. The women largely experienced emotional turmoil as their identities became deterritorialised and reported that the relationships they held with others around them often changed or broke down entirely. It was not until they became comfortable with their baby and their role as a mother that they were able to rediscover their ‘self’ beyond simply being a mother. Once they reached this stage in the transition their identity was able to reterritorialise, becoming more stable as a result. Originality/Value – This study not only presents an innovative method for conceptualising identity but also demonstrates the value of assemblage theory for conceptualising identity formulation and capturing the fluid and emergent nature of such processes. It demonstrates how assemblage theory can be utilised to further understandings of the multifaceted and ongoing nature of life course transitions. This study sheds light on the potential for assemblage theory to be utilised across a range of sociological topics relating to identity formulation, with such studies having the potential to really broaden the scope of sociological understandings of identity formation and life course transitions. Keywords: assemblage theory; motherhood; transition; emergence; first- time mother; social roles; deterritorialisation; reterritorialisation; identity

The article shows that changes in everyday life act as a cultural phenomenon, and the aim of social knowledge must be projection of total universal features to individual features. The author notes that among the components of everyday life and experience, as well as everyday ideology, there are social ideas as a kind of subjective constructs designed to rationalize and interpret the vital reality. The article defines the common sense as the totality of views on the world, skills, and forms of thinking, developed and used by the individual in daily practical life. Social knowledge in the coordinates of everyday life experience and common sense is determined by the fact that modern everyday life is a phenomenon devoid of statics. Daily life is a certain spiritual and social integrity of the mental and material, a constant attribute of social life, unfolding in a social and cultural space and time in such areas as the everyday life, work and leisure with the help of various types and forms of activityrelated manifestations.

Considerable research has been conducted on the pathologic consequences of chronicity, while little attention has been paid to the impact of chronicity on the individual's everyday life experiences. Technologic influences on chronicity have resulted in increasing longevity, with resulting decreases in mortality and morbidity. As mortality and morbidity in chronicity have decreased, an emphasis has emerged on health promotion and maintenance for the chronically ill. Today, with improvements in treatment (eg, improved medical and surgical technologies), individuals with severe chronic conditions are living longer, and care is now focusing not only on secondary and tertiary levels of prevention, but also on primary levels of prevention. Thus, while American society has geared itself to an almost unlimited support of research and development in increasing medical technology, there has been a significant lag in understanding the functional consequences of chronicity. This article describes chronicity in everyday life experiences over the life span, from childhood to adulthood to older adulthood. This review provides a base for community health practitioners and researchers to develop individualized interventions sensitive to life course variables for the chronically ill and their families.

The aim of this study was to describe experiences of health and wellbeing of unemployed. Unemployed (n=14) living in the Helsinki metropolitan area were interviewed and the data were analyzed by using inductive content analysis. Multidimensionality of health and wellbeing was described by experiences of everyday life and reflections about the future. Everyday life experiences in unemployment were a shock on becoming unemployed and a sense of relief because of the end of physically or psychologically burdensome work. Further, the unemployed experienced an impaired physical and mental health and well-being because of loss of daily rhythm, passiveness, a decrease in social contacts, stigmatization and economic distress. Experiences of health determined their relationship to the future. Becoming unemployed provided a possibility to rehabilitate and develop oneself as well as to try out the coping with work. The ageing unemployed and those suffering from health problems evalued themselves as unsuitable for the labor market, and expressed willingness to retire on disability pension. The study results can be utilized in planning health promotion interventions targeted to the unemployed.