청소년의 진로태도성숙도 및 자아정체감 향상을 위한 현실요법집단미술치료 사례연구

Career within one’s life is an important development task that can determine the appearances and direction of one’s life. It is also one of the important tasks that need to be undertaken during one’s teenage years when one is going through a transitional period. As such, this study was conducted in an attempt to identify the variables of resilience that enables successful adjustment, overcoming of life’s challenges and crises, and spirituality that enables internalization of one’s values. By identifying these variables, the study seeks to understand the effect they have on career attitude maturity which, in turn, enables the teenager to realize her potential to the fullest. The findings of the study were as follows. The mean for teenagers’ spirituality, resilience and career attitude maturity measured on a five point scale were, respectively, 3.69±0.46, 3.59±0.43, and 3.87±0.52. There was a significant correlation between spirituality and resilience (r=0.679,p<.001), between spirituality and career attitude maturity(r=0.538, p<0.001), and between resilience and career attitude maturity (r=0.615, p<0.001). Factors that affected career attitude maturity were resilience and spirituality and in that order, with an explanatory power of 39%. In conclusion, spirituality and resilience can be seen as important variables required for teenagers to proactively and creatively develop one’s life when one is researching for future careers. Therefore, a mediating program that can help these teenagers to improve their spirituality and resilience needs to be developed.Keywords: Career Attitude Maturity, High School Students, Resilience, Spirituality

【The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of the 8-week, 15-session group art therapy program on self-esteem and mental health status in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. The sample consisted of two groups of chronic schizophrenic inpatients: 10 patients with an average of total disease duration of 8.90 years who participated in a 8-week group art therapy program, and 8 comparison subjects with an average of total disease duration of 8.25 years who did not participate in the program. A pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design was used to assess self-esteem and mental health status at the beginning and at the end of the 8-week, 15-session group art therapy program. The time points for obtaining data were matched for both groups. The effectiveness of the 8-week group art therapy program was assessed by Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale(Rosenberg, 1965) and SCL-90- R(Derogatis et al., 1973). SPSSWIN 8.0 was utilized for data entry and analysis employing Mann-Whitney U test. The findings of the study indicated the followings : (a) No significant differences were found between two groups in self-esteem and (b) The experimental group showed significantly lower scores in obsessive-compulsive symptom dimension and interpersonal sensitivity symptom dimension on the SCL-90-R than the comparison group after participating in the group art therapy program. In conclusion, the findings showed the possibility of applying group art therapy as an effective nursing intervention for patients with lack of verbal communication skills and social interaction to improve their interpersonal relationship.】

This study was conducted to identify the influence of dental hygiene students’ professionalism and self-leadership on their career attitude maturity and to provide basic data that can be helpful for students’ career paths. The subjects of the study were 287 Dental hygiene student in Gwang-ju Metropolitan City, and a survey on professionalism, self-leadership, and career attitude maturity was conducted. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18 using Independent t-test, One Way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a correlation between dental hygiene students' professionalism, self-leadership, and career attitude maturity, and factors that significantly influenced career attitude maturity were Motivation for going to college, public service spirit, goal setting, and self-criticism. Therefore, when providing career counseling to dental hygiene students, it will be necessary to provide assistance so that they can make more mature and planned career decisions by considering their professionalism and self-leadership.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze how group art therapy using calligraphy impacts the social engagement activation of early onset dementia patients.&#x0D; Methods The group therapy was conducted for six early-onset dementia patients who were registered at the S Metropolitan Center for Dementia. The program consisted of eleven sessions and ran once a week from July 31, 2023, to November 6, 2023. The group art therapy program involved education and learning in each session to enable early-onset dementia patients to use the medium themselves and complete artworks. Based on this, participants were guided to complete artistic works. The research data were collected and analyzed using pre- and post-data (CIST and SGDS-K), therapist's session evaluations, observation notes, pre- and post-DAS (The Draw-a-Story) drawing test, and in-depth interviews with 2 participants and partners of 3 participants. The results of the in-depth interviews were cross-analyzed and categorized by two researchers under supervision to derive the findings.&#x0D; Results As a result, firstly, most of the patients who participated in the program maintained or developed their cognitive skills and lowered their depression inventory. Second, participants indicated improvement in their social skills and an increase in awareness and experience related to social engagement. Based on the experience of the art therapy group, participants’ showed positive changes in awareness of social engagement&#x0D; Conclusions This study is meaningful in confirming the impact of group art therapy using calligraphy on alleviating difficulties and promoting social engagement in early-onset dementia patients. Therefore, it is expected to contribute to the activation of social engagement for early-onset dementia patients.&#x0D;

Grief and bereavement impact nearly every individual at some point of their lives, often having short or long-term physical and psychosocial impacts. Yet, these issues are rarely the focus of discussion, intensive therapy programs, or policy initiatives (Corr, 2002; Doka, 2002). This research explores the impacts of a closed group art and narrative therapy program in Ontario for individuals experiencing a grief or bereavement process following the loss of a loved one. It explores the grief experiences of art therapy participants during their time in the program, the nature, extent, and impacts of social and community connections that were made, how the program influenced grief over time, and the overall effectiveness of the program. This study suggests that art and narrative therapy hold great therapeutic potential as a tool to help individuals going through a grief or bereavement process.

Fostering a positive body image and building self-esteem are major goals for art therapy with adolescent and pre-adolescent females. The perception of body image, identity formation and self-esteem are closely linked in this population. Therefore, at this critical time in their physical and psychological development, a special art therapy program that encourages females to express feelings about body image may be important in promoting awareness and self-confidence.Accordingly, an art therapy program was developed and implemented which focused on developing a positive body image and enhancing self-esteem for adolescent females. The participants were seven students aged 13-14 who attended weekly art therapy groups for eight weeks. Pre and post intervention comparisons were made on measures of body image and self-esteem. Significant improvements in rated body image and self-esteem were noted after participation in the art therapy group. The present findings suggest that participation in the art therapy group may significantly contribute to improved body image and self-esteem and hence the academic and psychological adjustment of adolescent girls.

In art therapy, digital art therapy is a new method in which clients use digital media to express themselves creatively. We wanted to explore what this means for adolescents with disabilities. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explain what kind of experience they had when digital media was applied as an expressive and therapeutic medium in group art therapy in which adolescents with intellectual disabilities were participants and what kind of therapeutic meaning the experience had. We tried to know the therapeutic factors by extracting the implications of meaning. Participants were second-year high school students with intellectual disabilities who belonged to special classes. They were selected in an intentional purposive sampling method. Five teenagers with intellectual disabilities participated in 11 group art therapy sessions. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and digital artwork collection. Collected data were case studies analyzed using an inductive approach. In this study, the use of digital media was defined and utilized as "Digital Art Therapy" by setting the scope related to the study according to client's behavioral method. As a digital generation accustomed to smartphones, the participants gained confidence by repeatedly acquiring new technologies through familiarity with the media. Interaction with the media through touch and the use of apps have promoted autonomy with interest and pleasure to disabled teenagers, allowing them to express themselves actively. In particular, digital art therapy induces a holistic sensory experience by mobilizing visual images that could represent various expressions, emotions felt in music and tactile senses that made texts for people with intellectual disabilities with difficulty in verbal communication. Art therapy using digital media has become an important experience that provides opportunities to arouse curiosity, enjoy creative activities, and express positive emotions vividly to adolescents with intellectual disabilities who have difficulties with expression and communication and a sense of lethargy. Therefore, it is suggested that an in-depth understanding of the characteristics and differences between traditional and digital media is necessary, and that complementary use to help create therapeutic purposes and art therapy is important.

This study aimed to examine the effects of a positive psychology-based group art therapy program on the abstinence self-efficacy of individuals recovering from substance addiction. The program was designed as an intervention to support the psychological and emotional recovery of recovering addicts. It was grounded in the core theories of positive psychology—positive emotions, relationships, and flow—and incorporated woodcarving activities, where participants engraved words into wooden panels, as a form of group art therapy. The study assessed the effectiveness of this program in improving the subcomponents of abstinence self-efficacy, namely negative thoughts, social pressure, physical discomfort, and withdrawal and craving. The participants were 16 residents of a therapeutic community located in city K, who were divided into an experimental group (n=8) and a comparison group (n=8) following a non-equivalent control group design. Both groups completed a pre-test of abstinence self-efficacy. The experimental group participated in eight 60-minute sessions held twice a week, while the comparison group received no treatment. After the program was completed, a post-test was administered, and changes between the pre- and post-tests were analyzed. The results indicated that the positive psychology-based group art therapy program was effective in enhancing abstinence self-efficacy among individuals recovering from substance addiction. Statistically significant improvements were found in all four subdomains: negative thoughts, social pressure, physical discomfort, and withdrawal and craving. These findings suggest that the woodcarving activities embedded in each session contributed to emotional stability through the tactile qualities of the wood, promoted flow experiences through creative engagement, and enhanced a sense of accomplishment through the completion of artworks. Moreover, engraving positive abstinence-related words on wood appeared to broaden positive emotions and served as a catalyst for recovery motivation. Based on these results, the study discusses the limitations of the program and offers suggestions for future research directions.

Purpose: This study was to determine the effects of the 8-week, 16-session body image improvement program on self-assertiveness and depression in college women.Methods: The program applied group art therapy technique was reconstructed by the researcher based on the Do Young Kim’s Body Image Improvement Program. Data collected by self-reported questionnaires from 58 college women in Inchon who were selected by criteria of this study, from the 6 of March to 10 of May. 2002. The 11 experimental group participated in a 8-week group art therapy program. Descriptive statistics, homogeneity test, hypothesis, and reliability test were performed statistically by utilizing SPSS PC + 8.0 program.Results: 1. The experimental group showed significantly higher scores in self-assertiveness than the comparison group(z = -1.742, p= .036).2. No significant differences were found between two groups in depression.(z=-.272, p = .435).Conclusion: The findings showed the possibility of applying body image improvement program as an effective intervention for clients with body image disturbance to improve their self-assertiveness behavior.

This study examined the effects of group art therapy on self-concept and peer relationships among adolescents using a mixed-method approach. Twelve recruited adolescents from a high school in Northern Taiwan attended weekly 2-h group art therapy sessions for 8weeks. Through a discovery-oriented approach incorporating focus group interviews and individual interviews, qualitative results revealed that the participants started getting to know themselves better and were able to explore their inner selves while noticing their own emotions. Their self-concept also became more positive along with reduced negative self-concept, increased positive self-concept, and clearer visions towards future goals. Furthermore, the therapy modified adolescents' negative peer relationships by reducing their social anxiety and adjusting their complicated experiences. Participants were found to experience trustable, allied, and compassionate positive peer relationships while having reduced loneliness and improved social skills at the same time. Besides, the participants answered self-concept and peer relationship scales at pre- and post-interventions as well as a 12-month follow-up thereafter. Friedman test on the longitudinal data showed participants reporting consistently higher self-concept and peer relationship at post-intervention and 12-month follow-up than at the pre-intervention stage. Taken together, the findings duly support art therapy in boosting adolescents' self-concept and peer relationships.

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of self-understanding group art therapy programs on self-esteem and interpersonal relationships of elementary school children using local children's centers.&#x0D; Methods Among the local children's centers in N City, 12 elementary school students attending the H-area children's center were organized as an experimental group, and 12 elementary school students attending the S-area children's center were organized as a control group. Self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and dynamic school life were conducted as preliminary tests for both the experimental and control groups, and a self-understanding group art therapy program was conducted 10 times a week for 90 minutes. After that, a post-test was conducted on the two groups, and it was verified whether there were significant changes in self-esteem and interpersonal relationships.&#x0D; Results First, children in the experimental group who participated in the implementation of the self-understanding group art therapy program showed significant positive changes in satisfaction and communication among the overall average self-esteem and sub-factors of interpersonal relationships. Second, children in the control group who did not participate in the implementation of the self-understanding group art therapy program did not show any significant differences in self-esteem and interpersonal relationships. Third, in the dynamic school life test, children in the experimental group who participated in the self-understanding group art therapy program were able to observe meaningful positive changes in self-esteem and interpersonal relationships compared to children in the control group who did not participate in the group art therapy program.&#x0D; Conclusions This study is meaningful in that elementary school students who use local children's centers developed self-esteem by gaining positive emotions, confidence, achievement, efficiency, and satisfaction through participation in self-understanding group art therapy programs.

The Effects of Reality Therapy in the Group Art Therapy: Stress Repelling Ability of Alcoholics, and Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy

The crisis faced by foreign students need to be addressed to ensure that the goal of completing their study is achieved successfully. Financial issue has been identified as the main problem. Hence, this study was done to explore major issues faced by foreign students throughout their life in campus. This is a qualitative study using interview sessions as a study design. The subject in this study is a 21 year-old Indonesian student who faced stress and loss of concentration in her study due to financial problem. This study revealed that the financial issue is the common theme experienced by the respondent. This is due to the relevancy that money is one of the most important things to survive in life, and it has become a ‘mediator’ for resources toward basic needs in life. Reality therapy and in particular the techniques of WDEP and SAMIC was employed in the counselling session to help deal with the respondent’s issues. Indeed, this study highlighted the success of using Reality Therapy to help the respondent in making sound decisions to solve issues faced. It was also noted that the therapist plays an active role in helping the respondent to be aware and responsible in solving her issues.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Reality Therapy on social adaptation of female high school students with symptoms of nomophobia. Methods and Materials: This study is a fundamental research and, in terms of research method, is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all female high school students in the second grade in District 3 of Tehran during the 2023-2024 academic year. The sampling method was convenience sampling, and the sample size consisted of 45 students. Data collection tools included the Nomophobia Questionnaire by Yildirim and Correia (2015) and the California Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1953). In this study, the group therapy protocol based on ACT by Hayes et al. (1999), adapted from Khatibi et al. (2020), was implemented over eight sessions, and the intervention protocol based on Reality Therapy, adapted from Eskandari (2017), was also implemented over eight sessions. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: There was a significant difference between the effectiveness of ACT and Reality Therapy on social adaptation of female high school students with symptoms of nomophobia, with Reality Therapy demonstrating greater improvement in social adaptation compared to ACT. Conclusion: Reality Therapy demonstrated greater effectiveness than Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in improving social adaptation among female high school students with nomophobia symptoms, emphasizing practical interpersonal skills, responsibility, and problem-solving for enhancing social interactions.

ObjectivesGiven the differences between general high school (GHS) and vocational high school (VHS) students, this study aimed to investigate the lifetime prevalence of non-medical use of prescription pain relievers (NMUPPR)...