ЛОГІСТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

This paper discusses component and application of supply-chain management software for e-services. Firstly, the paper shows three components of SCM, and analyzes the two SCM systems: push-based supply chain and pull-based supply chain. Secondly, it presents the architecture of supply chain system, which includes three parts: enterprise resources planning, warehouse management system, transportation management system. Thirdly, the paper argues the components of SCM software. Finally, the paper demonstrates application of SCM software, and advocates the future trends

Digital transformation has become a key factor in improving the operational efficiency of the shipping industry amid the growth of global e-commerce and changing consumer behavior. This research focuses on the development of a digital-based expedition business planning model that integrates technologies such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Internet of Things (IoT), and big data analytics. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore the impact of digitalization adoption on cost reduction, delivery acceleration, and improvement of customer service quality. The results show that operational digitalization is able to overcome traditional inefficiencies, speed up workflows, and improve accuracy and speed of services. However, the implementation of digitalization also faces challenges, including the need for changes in organizational culture, human resource readiness, and cybersecurity risks. With proper strategic planning, digitalization can be a key catalyst in strengthening the competitiveness of expedition companies, especially in the small and medium-sized segments. These findings make a theoretical and applicable contribution to the development of digital transformation strategies in the modern logistics industry.

Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) represent an essential part of many modern-day supply chains and allow companies to gain tremendous operational efficiencies, including those related to inventory management, order picking and logistics optimization [1]. With increasing customer demands, supply chains and thus warehouses have become larger and more complex thus necessitating WMS for organization that aims to optimize its warehouse operation [1]. Even so, a WMS is notoriously complex to implement. Not only does the company need to ensure there is no room for error when implementing a WMS, but it also needs to integrate the WMS with existing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and prepare employees for new technology adoption [2]. The success of implementation highly depends on choosing the correct wms solution that perfectly meets the business targets and fulfills operational needs. An example of problem that leads to underperformance, inefficiencies and failure the strategic objectives is a mismatch between the system and company’s requirements [3]. Many challenges arise from poor preparation, inadequate stakeholder engagement and insufficient time for system testing. From the beginning, if organizations want to achieve long-term purposes with WMS implementation, they need to focus on concrete business goals [4]. To reduce these risks, there are some best practices that can be adopted. Related to system integration, data fidelity, and ensuring the WMS is fit for purpose Also, these WMS need comprehensive employee training and a well-planned change management strategy for successful compliance with the system. Familiarity with the system allows employees to minimize errors and resistances during the transition period, through those practices; however, this can only be achieved [2,5]. But once the system is implemented, we need to assess it continually to see whether or not it meets business needs and to plan for future enhancements. Such an approach of periodic assessment helps to keep the WMS in line with business needs and objectives as well as achieve operational success [6]. Beyond the existing capabilities of a WMS, new trends like hyper-automation, driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT), will be game-changer in how we manage warehouses. Such innovations have the ability to create even more efficiencies, allowing organizations to forecast demand changes, optimize inventory on a real-time basis and automate repetitive processes adding layers of functionality in WMS systems [3]. As such, organizations that incorporate these strategies and combine them with the newer technological advancements can elicit full benefits from WMS implementation, develop cost-effective-high-performing warehousing systems capable of meeting customer demands while also achieving competitive advantage in the market at a mere expense [1].

The contemporary world becomes more and more volatile and unpredictable every year (dynamic development of technology—Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0, dynamic global changes related to the COVID-19 pandemic, great changes in consumer behavior, climate crisis, geopolitical disruptions). Individuals, companies, and supply chains face challenges emerging from economic, sociological, and political phenomena. These phenomena disrupt regular performance and limit the efficient functioning of companies and economies. Due to numerous relations and connections in the economy, disruptions in one area affect the others and spread, growing in range and severity. Hence, disruptions should be dealt with to provide continuity of supply chains and to ensure their efficient and effective performance. The study aims to identify crucial characteristics of disruptions to facilitate disruption minimization strategies. The characteristics of disruptions in supply chains are identified based on a literature review, synthesized and validated by the experts. A study is implemented to validate identified characteristics and to confront theoretical findings with the practical experience and observations of the experts. The results of the study are discussed and commented on. The conclusions from the study refer to the nature and characteristics of disruptions in the contemporary economy, equipping managers with useful knowledge when dealing with disruptions, and academics with observations that can stimulate further discussion on stability, flexibility, and resilience of companies and supply chains.

The current economic situation in Ukraine is characterised by profound structural changes caused by the consequences of martial law, which significantly affects the activities of most enterprises. Disruptions in logistics chains, rising transport costs, resource shortages, labour shortages, declining purchasing power of the population and inflationary processes create new challenges for the effective functioning of business. In such conditions, enterprises are forced to review their marketing approaches, sales management methods and pricing policies. That is why it is particularly important to improve the interaction between marketing and logistics systems, which directly affect the economic stability of a company. Marketing logistics is an integrated system for managing material, information and financial flows, aimed at satisfying consumer needs at minimal cost. It combines the analytical function of marketing with practical logistics tools, ensuring the optimisation of supply, production, warehousing and distribution processes. Effective marketing logistics allows companies to respond quickly to changes in market demand, improve customer service and develop competitive pricing policies. In particular, rational inventory management, reduced delivery times and lower logistics costs directly reduce the cost of production, creating the conditions for setting flexible and attractive prices for consumers. In a state of martial law, logistics processes take on particular importance, as they determine a company's ability to deliver goods to consumers on time and keep costs under control. Companies are facing transportation restrictions, a shortage of warehouse space, supply chain disruptions, and rising fuel costs. This necessitates the search for new approaches to pricing management – from flexible tariff strategies to the use of digital cost analysis tools. In such conditions, logistics models based on the principles of Just-in-Time, e-commerce, digital delivery management platforms, and the integration of CRM systems into logistics processes become particularly relevant. In addition, marketing logistics contributes to greater transparency in pricing, allowing companies to more accurately determine their cost structure and identify savings opportunities. In the post-war period, when the economy will be actively rebuilding, the role of logistics in supporting the marketing strategies and competitiveness of Ukrainian companies will only grow. The combination of marketing analytics with effective logistics management creates the basis for the implementation of innovative pricing methods focused on the consumer and real market conditions. Research into the impact of marketing logistics on pricing policy formation is extremely relevant and practically significant in today's reality. Its results will contribute to improving cost management efficiency, adapting marketing strategies to the conditions of the war and post-war period, and strengthening the competitive positions of Ukrainian enterprises in domestic and foreign markets.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software products are business application, packaged software. They are used to run large- to medium-sized business enterprises. The ERP software suppliers claim that their software can cater to every business activity of every category of business enterprise. In most cases, an enterprise relies on multiple databases to maintain its operations: to facilitate the migration, the ERP software supports multiple databases for interaction and input but relies primarily on a centralized database for storing all function module data. The ERPs integrate the different business activities of a business enterprise. They support multiple currency handling, an essential feature for business enterprises operating globally. The ERPs also have the feature of consolidation, which facilitates the consolidation or accumulation of the accounting numbers of transnational business enterprises having a large number of subsidiaries around the world. The ERP software suppliers claim that all advances in hardware and software technologies are incorporated in their newer upgrades or versions. Quite a few phrases and terms have been used in this attempt at defining an ERP. Explanations of these terms and phrases follow.KeywordsFunctional ModuleParent CompanyBusiness EnterpriseEnterprise Resource PlanningIndian RupeeThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

ERP systems have great influence on the tax auditing in enterprises implemented by the taxation authorities. This paper analyzes the influence caused by ERP on tax auditing and the countermeasures can be taken by the tax auditors. The major influence caused by ERP on tax auditing is as follows. The visible tax auditing clues reduce. The emphases of tax auditing should be changed. And the data collection of tax auditing becomes more difficult. In order to deal with the influence caused by ERP systems, the tax auditors should take the following countermeasures: Strengthen the controls before the establishment and during the operation of ERP Systems. Restrict enterprise's financial activities and tax behaviors according to the law. Choose tax auditing method carefully in ERP Systems. And develop tax auditing software adapted to the ERP environment.

Effective inventory replenishment is essential for maintaining optimal stock levels, minimizing costs, and ensuring high service levels across supply chains. Traditional replenishment methods in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems often rely on static rules and historical averages, limiting their ability to adapt to dynamic demand patterns and supply chain disruptions. This paper investigates the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques into ERP systems to enable intelligent, data-driven inventory replenishment. I examine various ML models including time-series forecasting, classification, and reinforcement learning and evaluate their effectiveness in predicting demand and automating replenishment decisions. A practical integration framework is proposed, detailing how ML algorithms can be embedded within existing ERP architectures using APIs, microservices, and cloud-based solutions.Through case studies in retail and manufacturing environments, I demonstrate measurable improvements in forecast accuracy, inventory turnover, and cost efficiency when ML is applied. My findings show that ML-enhanced systems outperform traditional methods, offering greater responsiveness to market variability and enabling real-time optimization. This study provides a foundation for organizations seeking to modernize their ERP replenishment strategies. It highlights both the technical and organizational considerations required for successful implementation, ultimately establishing machine learning as a transformative force in inventory management.

The use of ERP systems is becoming an integral part of business information support and allows enterprises to rationalize the use of resources. The purpose of the article is an in-depth analysis of the use of ERP systems in the activities of enterprises, identification of the advantages and limitations of their practical application, which allow the development of ERP systems on the basis of technological, organizational and cognitive convergence to meet the changing needs of modern business. The study used the methods of case analysis, synthesis, and graphical visualization of information. The paper develops the applied aspect of certain areas of modern institutional economic theory, in particular the theory of evolutionary economics. Attention is focused on how the factor of technological progress affects the transformation of company management due to the principle of bounded rationality. The study summarizes the practice of using ERP systems and analyzes the relationship with the processes of convergence of information, communication, management, and cognitive technologies. The factors of rational use of resources based on ERP system data for four types of operating models of companies are identified. They are identified depending on the level of standardization and integration of business processes. Integration contributes to the rational use of resources through the automation of routine processes but requires several business units to use common practices for working with information in terms of its receipt, registration, storage, confidentiality, and distributed access. Standardization brings cost savings and efficiency by unifying and speeding up business processes but limits the ability to transform individual processes to adapt to rapid changes in the environment. The results of the study will help enterprises when implementing or transforming ERP systems to determine their desired configuration, in accordance with business needs, while maintaining the required level of adaptability of business processes. The results will also be useful for researchers conducting comprehensive studies of the impact of information technology on business operations. Technological advances mean that ERP systems continue to evolve and integrate with other technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and machine learning, to provide businesses with valuable context that transforms information into unique knowledge, which outlines the prospect for further research.

The article studies the application of innovative technologies in the activities of enterprises in the context of digitalization of business in Ukraine. The relevance of the topic of the study is due to the fact that the processes of digitalization of domestic business in Ukraine are much slower than in many leading countries of the world, but the modern market environment requires the use of new digital technologies, which increases the level of capabilities of enterprises in their interaction with external partners, consumers, and counterparties. In modern economic conditions, it is new innovative technologies that become indicators of economic efficiency. Thus, digitalization provides the means to introduce changes that are inherently innovative and lead to radical transformations in the very processes of conducting activities in the work of individual functional areas and the entire enterprise. The article is aimed at studying the application of innovative technologies in the activities of enterprises in the context of digitalization of business in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison; systemic, complex, structural, project, logical-dialectical, content-subjective methodological approaches. The scientific results obtained consist in the study and identification of the main innovative technologies used in the activities of enterprises: digital technology "blockchain" with access to large databases, "artificial intelligence" technology, the introduction of CRM, PIM, ERP systems, the use of automated systems or chatbots, the use of 3-D modes of augmented reality. It has been revealed that the areas of application of new innovative technologies in the activities of enterprises are production, marketing, promotion and sale of products, development and functioning of infrastructure, the work of warehouse services and logistics and direct management, and the introduction of these technologies makes it possible to automate the processes of production, its promotion and sales, optimize accounting, which ensures a reduction in costs and an increase in the productivity of the enterprise. Prospects for further research are the feasibility of further detailed study, identification of indicators, which will provide opportunities for statistical, economic analysis and evaluation of innovation activities and will become a factual basis for further managerial decision-making in the field of innovation activities of enterprises in the context of digitalization of business, in Ukraine.

This article addresses the issues of insufficient automation, high reliance on manual labor, and data silos in the traditional stirrup production process. It employs various information technologies such as building information modeling (BIM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), manufacturing execution systems (MES), cyber physical systems (CPS), central control systems (CCS), and warehouse management systems (WMS) to establish a solution for intelligent stirrup production. Based on this foundation, a flexible robotic grasping fixture is designed, integrating automated equipment including material handling robots, stacking robots, automatic packaging machines, and AGV forklifts. This configuration creates a highly automated, digitized, and intelligent stirrup workstation, facilitating the automation and flexibility of stirrup production. This solution eliminates data silos and achieves comprehensive data integration from BIM design to production execution, allowing for seamless coordination between online scheduling and offline automated execution in the stirrup production process. Through these measures, stirrup production has attained high standards of intelligent manufacturing, driving the factory’s transformation towards digitization and intelligence.

PurposeTo examine enterprise resource planning (ERP) adoption in Greek companies, and explore the effects of uncertainty on the performance of these systems and the methods used to cope with uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachThis research was exploratory and six case studies were generated. This work was part of a larger project on the adoption, implementation and integration of ERP systems in Greek enterprises. A taxonomy of ERP adoption research was developed from the literature review and used to underpin the issues investigated in these cases. The results were compared with the literature on ERP adoption in the USA and UK.FindingsThere were major differences between ERP adoption in Greek companies and companies in other countries. The adoption, implementation and integration of ERP systems were fragmented in Greek companies. This fragmentation demonstrated that the internal enterprise's culture, resources available, skills of employees, and the way ERP systems are perceived, treated and integrated within the business and in the supply chain, play critical roles in determining the success/failure of ERP systems adoption. A warehouse management system was adopted by some Greek enterprises to cope with uncertainty.Research limitations/implicationsA comparison of ERP adoption was made between the USA, UK and Greece, and may limit its usefulness elsewhere.Practical implicationsPractical advice is offered to managers contemplating adopting ERP.Originality/valueA new taxonomy of ERP adoption research was developed, which refocused the ERP implementation and integration into related critical success/failure factors and total integration issues, thus providing a more holistic ERP adoption framework.

Стратегическое развитие кондитерской отрасли в России весьма актуально, так как это ключевая отрасль российской пищевой промышленности и один из крупнейших рынков кондитерских изделий в мире. Отрасль вносит значительный вклад в экономику страны и обеспечивает занятость большого количества людей. В последние годы отрасль сталкивается с различными проблемами, такими как изменение потребительских предпочтений, усиление конкуренции и изменение нормативно- правовой базы. Чтобы оставаться конкурентоспособными, компаниям отрасли необходимо постоянно внедрять инновации и разрабатывать новые продукты, а также поддерживать высокие стандарты качества и оптимизировать свои производственные процессы. Более того, пандемия COVID-19 также оказала значительное влияние на отрасль, вызвав сбои в цепочке поставок и изменения в поведении потребителей. Компаниям отрасли пришлось адаптироваться к новой реальности, внедряя различные стратегии, такие как цифровизация, электронная коммерция и диверсификация продуктовых линеек. Поэтому для кондитерской отрасли в России крайне важно иметь четко определенный стратегический план развития, учитывающий меняющуюся рыночную динамику и вызовы, а также обеспечивающий дорожную карту роста и устойчивости. Отрасли необходимо сосредоточиться на инновациях, разработке продуктов и оптимизации цепочки поставок, а также на обеспечении здоровья и безопасности сотрудников и клиентов. В связи с этим целью настоящего исследования стало определение возможных стратегических приоритетов развития кондитерской промышленности в России в целом. Для достижения данной цели были поставлены и достигнуты следующие задачи: • проанализировать состояние кондитерской промышленности в России; • определить и охарактеризовать актуальные стратегические приоритеты в кондитерской промышленности; • привести примеры трансформации стратегических приоритетов в кондитерской промышленности. Материалы статьи представляют практическую ценность для участников кондитерского рынка в рамках использования представленной информации при разработке стратегий различного уровня и принятия тактических управленческих решений, а также для научного и студенческого сообщества в качестве информационной аналитической базы. The strategic development of the confectionery industry in Russia is very important, as it is a key branch of the Russian food industry and one of the largest confectionery markets in the world. The industry makes a significant contribution to the country's economy and provides employment to a large number of people. In recent years, the industry has been facing various challenges such as changing consumer preferences, increased competition, and changing regulatory frameworks. To remain competitive, companies in the industry need to constantly innovate and develop new products, as well as maintain high quality standards and optimize their production processes. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has also had a significant impact on the industry, causing supply chain disruptions and changes in consumer behavior. Companies in the industry have had to adapt to the new reality by implementing various strategies such as digitalization, e-commerce, and product line diversification. Therefore, it is essential for the confectionery industry in Russia to have a well-defined strategic development plan that takes into account changing market dynamics and challenges, and provides a roadmap for growth and sustainability. The industry needs to focus on innovation, product development and supply chain optimization, as well as the health and safety of employees and customers. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to identify possible strategic priorities for the development of the confectionery industry in Russia as a whole. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and achieved: • analyze the state of the confectionery industry in Russia; • identify and characterize the current strategic priorities in the confectionery industry; • give examples of the transformation of strategic priorities in the confectionery industry. The materials of the article are of practical value for participants in the confectionery market in the framework of using the information provided in the development of strategies at various levels and making tactical management decisions, as well as for the scientific and student community as an informational analytical base.

The need for the importance of effective management of the enterprise's business processes raises urgent problems of its automation with the help of the introduction of modern corporate information systems. ERP systems include the systems that cover the most important business processes of the enterprise and ensure their integration, optimization, as well as balanced management of the resources involved. The essence, architecture and general characteristics of ERP systems, their functionality and implementation at enterprises are considered. An analysis of literary sources was carried out on the study by many scientists of the essence of the concept of ERP systems, their historical development, concept, as well as advantages and disadvantages and economic efficiency. It was determined that ERP systems allow the most effective planning of all commercial activities of a modern enterprise, including financial costs for equipment restoration projects and investments in the production of new products. The relevance of the research, which is determined by the modern needs of managing business processes of an enterprise or company based on ERP systems, is considered. The expediency of using systems of this class is caused by the need to manage business processes in conditions of inflation and severe tax pressure. The purpose of this work is to study the concept of ERP and the functional capabilities of ERP systems for small and medium-sized enterprises. Various interpretations of the essence of the ERP system, the modern market and examples of existing ERP systems of Ukrainian software manufacturers are presented. To understand the functioning of the ERP system, its structure was considered: blocks (platform and modules); three-level client-server architecture (database, application server, user interface); core modules (production management, supply management, financial management, resource management, customer relationship management, project management). It was determined that the architecture of the software product plays a very important role when selecting a system for business optimization; modules of the ERP system allow you to optimize various aspects of the company's work. The peculiarities of the architecture of the IT-Enterprise ERP system and the functionality of the Perfectum CRM+ERP system for automating business processes of the enterprise are considered. The general characteristics of the systems for the execution of business processes of the enterprise are presented and the most common approach to the classification of ERP systems for the automation of the enterprise's business is determined. The functionality of the Perfectum CRM+ERP system for small and medium-sized businesses is considered. The author proposed the use of such systems for small and medium-sized businesses.

Summary. The article presents a comprehensive study of changes in consumer preferences in the online shopping market, influenced by global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing military conflicts. The first section highlights how quarantine restrictions, store closures, and increased demand for essential goods have significantly boosted online shopping, establishing it as a primary means of obtaining goods during crises. The analysis focuses on major product categories, such as food, electronics, and personal hygiene products, which saw the highest demand due to shifting consumer priorities toward essential needs and comfortable living. The second part of the article examines the role of digital technologies and logistical solutions in sustaining the e-commerce market. It discusses how the development of delivery services and enhancement of online platforms became crucial for businesses seeking to meet the rising demands of consumers. The use of technology for personalized shopping experiences and improved user convenience has attracted new buyers and maintained interest in online shopping even after restrictions were eased. The third section presents the results of a statistical analysis of changes in the online sales market structure from 2019 to 2024, evaluating market shares and growth rates for key product categories. For instance, electronics and food products showed the highest growth, indicating a strong demand for items supporting home work and study needs. The analysis confirms that crises have led to lasting changes in consumer behavior, making regular online orders a norm for a larger portion of the population. The final part of the article offers recommendations for businesses on adapting their marketing strategies and digital platforms to interact effectively with customers in a changing environment. The authors conclude that further improvement of delivery services, personalized shopping options, and stable digital platforms is essential to sustaining consumer interest in e-commerce. The findings provide valuable insights for developing new business models that address market transformations driven by global crises and the growing importance of digital sales channels. Key words. online shopping, consumer preferences, pandemic, war, statistical analysis, e-commerce.