Процессы интеграции в системе образования

The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of methodological bases for the formation of professional competence of applicants of higher art and pedagogical education. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the leading methodological approaches to the formation of professional competence of future teachers of art specialties. Methods. The following methods were used in the research process: analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature, generalization, synthesis, formulation of conclusions. The results. The authors of the article highlight the essence of the concept of "professional competence of future teachers of art specialties" and outline the directions of formation of this pedagogical category. The article suggests the analysis of the concept of "methodology" and "methodological approach". The benefit of the study is that the authors proved that the successful formation of professional competence of future teachers of art specialties will contribute to the implementation in the educational process of higher pedagogical education ideas of competency, system, activity, culturological, axiological and acmeological approaches. The essence and content of the mentioned methodological approaches in the context of art pedagogy are characterized. Conclusions. The authors of the article state that the analysis of scientific literature together with the essence and specifics of forming the professional competence of future teachers of art specialties enabled definition and theoretical substantiation of the leading methodological approaches, which realization in educational process of establishments of higher pedagogical education will promote achievement of the stated purpose. Among the outlined methodological approaches, the authors define the most important as studies have shown, they are acmeological, culturological and competence approaches. The competence approach helped to increase the professional competence of future teachers of art history. The acmeological approach allowed us to outline new plans and tasks, more complex than the previous ones. The culturological approach allowed outlining the main tasks of professional training of future teachers of art history. Their use should be done due to a number of factors defined by the authors according to every approach.

In the article, based on the study of scientific literature, an analysis of the essence and development of the axiological and acmeological approach to the development of motor activity of students by means of sports games in the educational environment of the university is carried out. The axiological approach as a methodological base of modern education is substantiated. The peculiarities of the implementation of the value approach, which involve taking into account the specific educational needs of students, the need for self-improvement and self-education, are highlighted. The axiological approach consists in involving methodological and theoretical knowledge about values, about their nature, mechanisms of development and ways of functioning, as well as about health values that characterize the formation and self-improvement of the personality of a modern student. It was found that the axiological context of the modern education system of Ukraine "develops with two main definitions: educational and pedagogical values, educational values should be considered as a set of priorities of society, which act as the main guidelines for the development of the educational system as a whole, which should become the means of the educational process personal values of each student. The peculiarities of the development of motor activity of students by means of sports games in the educational environment of the university were analyzed from the standpoint of acmeological approach. It was revealed that the application of the acmeological approach is aimed at ensuring success in self-development, self-realization and self-improvement of students, improving the development of their motor activity by means of sports games, reaching the peaks of their capabilities in the process of physical exercises, increasing positive self-esteem of personal and intellectual capabilities, as well as the development by teachers of innovative programs for the development of motor activity and implementation of variable forms of organization of training in physical education.

Background. Improving the effectiveness of training of future highly qualified personnel requires the improvement of existing and search for new forms and methods for organizing the educational process. Such approach requires the use of complexes of technical and didactic means that ensure the interconnection between classroom and non-classroom forms of the educational process. Objective. To analyze the existing conditions for the implementation of information and educational environment. Methods. Analysis of theoretical sources on the problem of the use of the information and educational environment in higher medical education, studying and generalization of leading experience in teaching student courses using information and communication technologies. The analysis of the results of the efficiency of implementation of the educational and informational environment has been carried out on the departments of phthisiology and pulmonology, histology, cytology and embryology, medical physics, biophysics and higher mathematics and analytical chemistry. Results. The article presents certain results of the work of lecturers concerning the development and use of the informational and educational environment in the context of continuing learning of present-day information-oriented society. Creating information and educational environment that supplies interaction between lecturers and students in classroom through interactive forms of communication on the basis of edХ platform promotes the optimization of the learning process. The basic principles of providing innovative approaches, methods, technologies of the uniform informational and educational environment of higher education medical institutions are substantiated. The necessity of disclosing the experience of higher education institutions regarding the creation of the informational and educational environment as part of the optimization of the student's educational process is emphasized. The experience of using new learning form confirmed the simplicity and interactivity of interaction of the student and the lecturer, gives the wide opportunities for learning process arrangement, enables the student to model learning process individually, as well as new forms of learning process supervision. Conclusion. In our opinion, online courses based on edX platform facilitate the optimization of the learning process in higher education institutions. The prospect of further work is the continuation of the development and implementation of the online course for students on edX platform in the learning process.

Modernization of educational activities determines the necessity for the formation of educational and developmental environment. Today, the development of students' self-organization in an educational and developmental environment is one of the main demands that modern society puts forward to the system of primary education. The purpose is to study the features of the educational and developmental environment, its classification; development of didactic games at the lessons of Writing and Mathematics that promote the development of pupils’ self-organization in an educational and developmental environment. Research methods: a logical method; methods of system analysis; comparative analysis has made it possible to compare phenomena in order to establish similarities or differences between them. The academic paper has highlighted the essence of the concepts “educational and developmental environment”, “self-organization of educational activities”. The components of the educational and developmental environment of primary school and its classification have been formed. The basic types of primary pupils’ self-organization under the influence of the educational and developmental environment have been considered. The stages of the ability of self-organization of primary schoolchildren’s educational activity within the conditions of educational and developmental environment have been determined. Examples of Writing lessons in grades 1 and 4 have been given at the above stages, which contribute to the formation of skills of self-organization of pupils’ learning activities. Thus, types of didactic games at the lessons of Writing and Mathematics have been offered, which make it possible to provide material in accessible, interesting form, form skills of self-organization of schoolchildren in educational environment.

Relevance. Digitalization of education is becoming an increasingly urgent issue today. This is due both to the information transformations taking place all over the world and the online technologies usage trend. The education system as an integral and determinative part of all processes in society is also under the influence of the trend. It is obvious that under the conditions of informational isolation, remote access to educational resources is in demand more than ever. On the one hand, it entails a sharp increase of the importance of information and digital resources in education. But on the other hand, this leads to the wide range of threats and dangers that determine the risks for existing information systems in education and new ones. The aim of the study is to identify the information risk factors in the modern educational environment, on the basis of which it is possible to carry out a probabilistic analysis of its security. The methodological basis of the research combines the theory and practice of information and system approaches; modeling of a probabilistic model of information risks based on scenarios. Results and discussion. The study of the information aspect of education security has shown a fairly significant number of risks for information systems in education. At the same time, the range of such risks is constantly expanding due to the specifics of the information processes in education. It requires to take into account such risks and to assume system based measures aimed to assess the risks in the context of correlating the definitions “asset”, “vulnerability”, “threat” and “damage” in the information educational environment. Accordingly, this scenario-based approach makes it possible to create a general scheme of "security policy" in relation to information risks in education. Its implementation is represented as a risk management based on the analysis of the causes and consequences of an IS violation that also allows to analyze the security of the entire information educational environment. Conclusion. Implementation of the developed method allows to assess existing levels of risk and to conduct regular security analysis for the entire educational environment on the basis of probabilistic model based on the scenario method of educational environment information risks assessment.

Introduction. The problem of designing a research model for the functioning and development of additional professional education is discussed in the article. Additional professional education is considered as a sustainable system that will reflect the patterns of social development in the context of the transformation of the world order, outpacing socio-economic changes in various spheres of our society, thereby preventing socio-economic risks. The research model describes the functioning and development of the system of additional professional education. An important aspect of additional professional education is the understanding of the tendency towards the emergence of new industries and, accordingly, new professions. An important aspect of additional professional education is also an understanding of the changing demand for a number of competencies and the set of technical and universal skills of employees of enterprises in different spheres of society, and the growing need for worker qualifications. An important aspect of additional professional education is also an understanding of the changing demand for a number of competencies and a set of technical and universal skills of employees of enterprises in different spheres of society, and an understanding of the growing need for the qualifications of workers.Materials and Methods. Scientific works of domestic researchers became the material for research. the methodology of structural-functional analysis and systems approach are used in the work.Results. The study recorded the characteristic features of the additional professional education system, which determined the principles for studying the functioning and development of additional professional education. The main goal is to understand the process of functioning and development of the system of additional professional education and to create tools for such understanding. An idea of the integrity of the system of additional professional education was obtained during the study. We have identified various types of connections between elements of additional professional education. We got an idea of its structure. We carried out the characteristics vertically and horizontally. We have established the system levels. We have outlined the basics of management. We have solved the problem of the purpose of the system of additional professional education and established the basis for its transformation. We have established the basis for solving the problem of the relationship between the functioning and development of the additional education system. We have revealed the role of internal and external regulators of human behavior in the system of additional professional education.Discussion and Conclusion. We analyzed the work of domestic researchers, we established the key features of the system of additional professional education and developed a model of its sustainable functioning and development with the characteristics of the rapid development of the system. Such a system is capable, by forming the basis for the spheres of society, of outpacing the changes occurring in them. A detailed development of the mechanism for the relationship between the functioning and development of the additional professional education system, as well as the establishment of the degree of “correlation” of social and economic systems, which prompts the formulation of the question of the dynamics of development of the system of additional professional education in the medium term, was designated by us as prospects for the development of science and practice.

This article examines the problem of building a safe and reliable educational environment in a university that ensures not only the safety of educational subjects, but also the reliability of the entire educational system of the higher education organization. The main approaches to understanding the essence, content and structure of the educational environment of a university are analyzed, the relationships between the concepts of safety, psychological safety, digital educational environment, problems of their mutual influence and interdependence are considered. For the first time, the safety and reliability of the educational environment are considered in their relationship, as properties of a single educational system that ensures the effectiveness of the higher education organization during its reform and a necessary condition for maintaining and improving its quality. The article presents the results of a monitoring study of the satisfaction of educational entities (students, academic staff and employers) with the educational environment of the university, assessments of its safety and reliability, attitudes towards the introduction of innovations into the educational process system, caused by the need to respond to the challenges of modernity and reflecting the advanced scientific developments of domestic pedagogy, correlated with the dialectical unity of the need to achieve mobility of the higher education system, its flexibility and openness to new trends and at the same time ensuring its sustainability and reliability in achieving priority educational goals.

The most important characteristic feature of the current stage of development of higher education in Ukraine is integration processes that reflect, on the one hand, substantive and structural changes within the education system, and on the other hand, the processes of interaction between education and the production sphere. The priorities of state policy and the concept of innovative development in the field of education indicate the necessity to form a wide range of mechanisms for cooperation between business and educational institutions. In the educational standard of higher education in specialty it is noted that the future specialist must be ready for the following activities: production and technological activities, project activities, research activities, organizational and management activities. Specific types of professional activity, for which a specialist is mainly prepared, are determined by higher educational institutions in cooperation with students, teachers, and employers' associations. With such an essential range of requirements for future specialists, there is a need for qualitative changes in the content and organization of training. In modern social and economic conditions, the activities of higher education institutions that train specialists for the food industry are associated with solving a number of problems: the imperfection of the mechanisms of social partnership between educational institutions and employers; insufficient practical orientation in the training of qualified personnel for a particular enterprise; inconsistency of the educational and resource base of educational institutions. As a result of the search for effective forms of organizing of the educational process for solving the tasks set before education, the introduction of elements of dual education in the educational process seems to be expedient, promising, and of current interest

The article considers the development of an information system for organizing and monitoring the educative process of students on the basis of cloud technologies. In the course of the research, the analysis of the requirements of the standards for the information and educational environment, the analysis of factors affecting the quality of the learning process, the analysis of the elements of the process of organizing and monitoring the students' education, analysis of popular cloud services, SWOT-analysis of the information system were carried out. The main results of the research are presented in the article. As a result of the research, an information system for organizing and monitoring the educative process of students on the basis of cloud technologies has been developed. This system meets all the requirements mentioned above. It includes an electronic journal of students' progress and attendance records, methodological materials and tasks for self-study of disciplines, a testing system, communication with teachers, a calendar of events and other elements

"The article discusses the integration processes in the system of higher education, which are currently the priority. The integration processes of education, science and production are the joint use of the capabilities of educational, scientific and industrial organizations in mutual interests. Integration processes cover a wide range of different activities and are manifested in a wide variety of forms. In addition, they are considered one of the most effective forms of transformation. We also set out the main aspects of integration processes in the higher education system of Kazakhstan on the example of the Eurasian national University, namely the Department of «Space technology». As an organizational model, the option of creating educational and industrial innovative complexes, which provide a continuous cycle of training of specialists, was chosen. The model allows to reach the most developed relations of higher educational institution and the enterprise. In conclusion, several key and most promising areas of integration development are listed. "

Instructional Technologies and Educational Environments are tools that together improve academic performance and facilitate student learning, favorably impacting the ability to instruct without the presence of a teacher. However, these potentialities are not always taken advantage of maximum to achieve an effective learning process. In this article, a diagnostic evaluation of a Bachelor's educational program is presented, based on an evaluation instrument that was developed to evaluate the quality of an online educational program. The phenomenological method guided this research because it explored how teachers perceive the educational program in the aspects of instructional technology and learning environments. The purpose is to identify the strengths and weaknesses that the educational program shows because it is a program designed for face-to-face modality. Most of the findings found are weaknesses and it is attributed to the fact that the program was designed for face-to-face modality, which implies that work should be deal with the indicators that have been weak to improve their quality. The use of the results will be of great importance to make decisions and improve the quality of the program to be taught in virtual mode.

The Russian education system is in continuous process of modernization today. Changes in the Russian society, policy and economy exert direct impact on this process. These changes define those conditions in which it is necessary to gain knowledge, abilities and mastering professional activity, and further to carry out labor professional activity by the young specialist. In addition, an important role in this process is played by motivation, and one of the main motives is interest in training. At the initial stage, we have made an experiment, by questioning the 1-year students, which has shown that the students of the university at the beginning of the educational activity have poor interest in training and this subsequently entails not fully mastering the educational programs. Researches of psychologists (B. Ananyev, A. Arkhipov, L. Bozhovich, L. Gordon, V. Ivanov, A. Kovalyov, A. Leontyev, N. Morozova, V. Myasishchev, S. Rubenstein, B. Teplov, etc.), teachers (V. Belikov, R. Gilman, M. Duranov, V. Zhernov, T. Klimova, Ya. Komensky, O. Lesher, John Locke, A. Markova, V. Maximova, V. Ushachev, K. Ushinsky, O. Shentsova, G. Schukina, etc.) show that interest is the important motive, which contributes to the effective development of different types of activity and stimulates the student on activity performance. The purpose of this work – consideration of tools for the emotional and comfortable educational environment as the pedagogical condition, contributing to the development of students’ interest in training at universities. In the main part of the paper, development of students’ interest in training at universities is considered. Pedagogical approach to a solution consists of the following: to present in pedagogical process a possibility of interesting aspects of the educational activity; to excite and constantly maintain the students’ state of active interest by educational processes; to purposefully form and develop interest as the valuable property of the personality in training, promoting her informative activity. Interest in training – “is a form of manifestation of need of the personality for cognitive activity, owing to her emotional appeal and the vital importance, through active aspiration to knowledge acquisition, abilities, possession where in organic unity intellectual, emotional and strong-willed processes interact”. Also the personal and activity training is considered, including the personal focused and individual, informative and synergetic approaches, the levels of development of interest in training are marked out; tools for the emotional and comfortable educational environment, which influences efficiency of development of students’ interest in training at universities. The structural model of the educational environment has been developed, that includes spatial and subject, social, actionable, information and technological, substantial and spiritual components, which are considered by the authors in detail. When determining the educational environment we have used the method of the vector modeling, developed by V.Yasvin, which is based on the system of coordinates, consisting of an axis of FD “freedom-dependence” and an axis of AP “activity-passivity”. Results of an experiment have shown that at the beginning the value of freedom of the educational environment is more than value of activity, and by the end the value of activity of the educational environment has increased and the value of freedom became much less. Criteria and indicators of the interest development in training have been developed. Comparing the received results, it has been noted that the most significant increase in the development level of students’ interest in training is observed in the group where all possible means and methods of creation of the emotional and comfortable educational environment at universities were actively used. It means that creation of the emotional and comfortable educational environment at universities has direct influence on efficiency of the interest development of students in training.

The paper deals with the problem of professional training of technical University bachelors majoring in Engineering. The author proves that it is necessary to develop prospective specialists’ ability to self-education. The author presents an efficient system of self-educational activity development for prospective bachelors majoring in engineering by means of information and communication technologies and active methods of teaching «Informatics» including a special component, facilitating the development of indicators in the structure of readiness. The system of self-educational activity development for prospective bachelors majoring in engineering is a form of educational system that includes methodological, substantive, procedural and efficient elements. The principles of systemic-structural, acmeological and competency approaches are fundamental and allow designing the components of the system and choosing the appropriate means of readiness development. The specific of professional activity of bachelors majoring in engineering is the reason for choice of «Informatics» as a means of readiness formation. These materials can serve as the basis for students’ educational activity organization and monitoring the quality of their professional training

Актуальность исследования обусловлена растущей потребностью повышения степени соответствия компетенций выпускников национальной системы подготовки профессиональных кадров требованиям современного рынка труда в условиях трансформации современной российской экономики в экономику компьютерно-сетевого знания. Предметом исследования является формирующийся в национальной сфере профессиональной подготовки кадров процесс передачи на основе долгосрочных договоров отдельных функций одной учебной организации другой. При этом последняя может являться элементом как образовательной системы, так и принадлежать иной функциональной системе. Этот вид отношений фиксируется в понятии «образовательный аутсорсинг». Доказывается, что «образовательный аутсорсинг» – это категория институциональной экономической теории, которая отражает процесс функциональной интеграции субъектов-участников подготовки профессиональных кадров в национальной экономике на этапе её сетевой компьютеризации, обеспечивающей эффективную адаптацию будущих профессиональных кадров к работе на основе информационно-телекоммуникативных и электронно-когнитивных технологий. В условиях растущей системной компьютеризации национальной экономики образовательный аутсорсинг становится особым институтом сферы подготовки кадров, основной функцией которого является формирование единого компьютерно-сетевого образовательного пространства (платформы). В результате возникает дополнительный синергетический эффект повышения качества существующих и создания новых общих и специальных компетенций у выпускников национальной системы профессионального образования. Цель исследования состоит в обосновании содержания и функций категории институциональной теории «образовательный аутсорсинг» как института функциональной интеграции субъектов системы подготовки кадров в экономике России на этапе её трансформации в экономику компьютерно-сетевого знания. Методы исследования: процессуально-когнитивные (абстрагирование, движение от абстрактного к конкретному и обратно, системно-функциональный анализ); семантический (гипотетико-дедуктивный, аксиомо-индуктивный); эмпирический (наблюдение, описание, систематизация); аналитико-статистический (анализ временных рядов, корреляционно-аналитический, факторно-аналитический). Результаты: доказана необходимость введения в институциональную экономическую теорию категории «образовательный аутсорсинг», раскрыта её сущность, обоснованы функции, показан механизм реализации и возникающие при этом проблемы. Выводы: изменение предпочтений субъектов экономики в сфере образования привело к институциональным инновациям, в том числе к внедрению образовательного аутсорсинга. Институт «образовательный аутсорсинг» обеспечивает повышение качества существующих и формирование новых общих и специальных компетенций выпускников российской системы профессионального образования за счет создания единого интегрированного национального пространства профессионального обучения как фактора развития национальной экономики компьютерно-сетевого знания.

New York University School of Medicine