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Overview of the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings A A Lozovan1 and D K Kostrin2 1Department of Materials and Materials Technology, Moscow Aviation Institute(National Research University) “MAI”, 121552, Orshanskaya, 3, Moscow, Russia 2Department of Electronic Instruments and Devices, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376, Professora Popova, 5, Saint Petersburg, RussiaE-mail: alexandr.lozovan@yandex.ru . In this preface the main results of the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings that was held on 19–20 October 2021 in Moscow, Russia are discussed.From 19 to 20 October 2021, the 18th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings (RSMC–2021) was held at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University).Despite the difficulties associated with the coronavirus pandemic, more than 100 specialists from leading universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian enterprises, as well as scientists from Ukraine and Belarus, took part in the Conference. For the successful holding of the Conference in a pandemic, all the necessary measures were taken to ensure the implementation of sanitary rules and standards for the protection of Conference participants.At the Conference the results, which were obtained in the last year after the previous Conference, of the theoretical and experimental studies on the physics of condensed matter, low-temperature plasma physics, electronic and ion-plasma surface modification, physical methods of film deposition and other studies obtained over the last year after the previous Conference.The main objects of these studies were superficiality and superficial phenomena. Therefore, to the development and improvement of methods of surface modification and coatings deposition, as well as methods of their research and development of modern surface treatment equipment was paid the greatest attention at the Conference.During the Conference more than 70 reports were presented, which were heard in the following, traditional Conference sections (figure 1):• section 1 – Rapid solidification materials;• section 2 – Methods of coating application and research;• section 3 – Laser, electron-beam and ion-plasma methods of surface modification;• section 4 – Composite materials and permanent joints;• section 5 – Works of young scientists.The Conference was opened by Alexander Vladimirovich Bespalov, Co-Chairman of the Director of the Department of Materials Science and Materials Technology of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), who emphasized the importance of developing research in the field of physical and physicochemical methods of obtaining and processing new materials and coatings for the aerospace industry. He also noted the achievements of the Institute’s scientists in the field of laser coating and fast solidification materials.List of Organizing Committee, Program Committee, Photos are available in this pdf.

The 19th International Conference “Aviation and Cosmonautics” (AviaSpace-2020) is an annual international conference held and supported by Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) on 23-27 November, 2020 in Moscow, Russia. The Program Committee was presented by scientists from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA), Nanyang Technological University (Singapore), Polytechnic University of Milan (Italy), Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (Russia), Vrije University Brussel (Belgium), and Moscow Aviation Institute (Russia).As organizer of the annual International Conference “Aviation and Cosmonautics” (AviaSpace-2020), Moscow Aviation Institute actively encourages the development of aviation and space activities for peaceful purposes and supports the dissemination of scientific and technical information related to aviation and space. This conference is a great chance to cooperate together specialists, scientists and experts from enterprises and organizations of the aerospace and other hi-tech industries, researchers, Ph.D students from higher educational institutes who gathered to share their research findings and wealth of experiences.The conference covers a width range of aerospace science and technology topics but are not limited to (1) Aviation Systems; (2) Aviation and Rocket Engines and Power Installations; (3) Control Systems, Informatics and Power Engineering; (4) Information and Telecommunication Technologies of Aviation, Rocket and Space Systems; (5) Rocket and Space Systems; (6) Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Aircraft Armament; (7) Mathematical Methods in Aerospace Science and Technology; (8) New Materials and Production Technologies in the Field of Aviation, Rocket and Space Technique; and (9) Economics and Management at Enterprises of Aerospace Complex.The Organizing Committee would like to express our appreciation for the all speakers who participated in the conference. The Conference showed high demand of participants. It allowed combining the experience of leading organizations from different countries, establishing new mutually beneficial contacts, and creating a whole picture of breakthrough research and emerging industry needs. The results of the conference can be the creation of the basis for launching of a number of joint international projects. The development of this experience will allow to form a new point of consolidation of the international scientific community and industry for comprehensive work on current problems in the field of aerospace industry that nowadays cannot be solved by a single institution or a country.This conference gave us many illuminating and imaginative ideas, which will contribute to the further development of air transportations and space activities. The result of the conference is a great number of high level scientific manuscripts. Offering insights into the state of the art in aerospace engineering, the original research presented is valuable to academics, researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as professionals in industrial and research sectors. The clearly written manuscripts can be used for the validation of data and the development of experimental and simulation techniques as well as other mathematical approaches.All the manuscripts were reviewed and most of them were accepted to be presented in the Proceedings. The evaluation of the quality of the manuscripts was done on a high level according to the follow criteria: novelty of the presented work, reasonable and detailed description of the experimental procedure, understandable interpretation of the presented data, significant and evident proves to verify the proposed hypothesis, the absence of plagiarism, adequacy of references, the quality of language by eminent specialists in different scientific subject areas from China, Italy, Iraq, India, Germany, Poland, USA, United Kingdom, Pakistan, Nigeria, Israel, Syria, Kuwait, Jordan, Poland, France, Hungary, Egypt, Serbia, Taiwan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Republic of Korea, Ukraine, Spain, Portugal, Iran, Japan, Luxembourg, Australia, Netherlands, Czech Republic, Dagestan and Russia.Finally, the Organizing Committee could not organize this event successfully without incurring debts of gratitude to many people. AviaSpace-2020 was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 20-08-22077). Organizing Committee:Prof. Aleksandr Shemiakov, Moscow Aviation Institute, RussiaEditors:Prof. Dean Vučinić, Vrije University, Brussels, BelgiumDr. Peter Ogbuna Offor, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, NigeriaDr. Anna Godymchuk, Tomsk Polytechnic University, RussiaDr. Anna Zykova, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

Distance learning has had a huge impact on the educational process of universities and schools. The main platform through which the e-learning process at Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI) is carried out is LMS MAI Moodle. It should be noted that on the basis of this platform, a website with courses lms.mai.ru was created. The second in popularity and frequency of use is Microsoft Teams platform (MT). It is worth noting that thanks to the platforms for distance learning, the educational process was not only not disrupted or stopped, but was also supplemented with such advantages as autonomy and flexibility in acquiring knowledge. In connection with the coronavirus pandemic, on March 17, 2020, MAI completely switched to distance learning. At the moment, the epidemiological situation in Russia is improving and universities are again conducting face-to-face classroom studies. But what was happening with two platforms mentioned above after the end of the quarantine? Students and teachers of MAI say that the use of platforms has decreased, but classes are still held in this format. We discussed the prospects for further use of MT and LMS MAI in this article.

The article describes the problems faced by the Russian engineering universities in the period of the pandemic when teaching students geometric and graphic disciplines (engineering graphics, descriptive geometry, technical drawing). The author demonstrates the ways to solve these problems, f ound in the course of teaching geometric and graphic disciplines at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University). New methods were tested in teaching students of engineering and design profile and have demonstrated good results: student performance in geometric and graphic disciplines remained at the same level as before the pandemic, and the students managed to master the set of competencies provided for in the curriculum for these disciplines in full. Further ways of improving the methods of teaching geometric and graphic disciplines based on modern digital technologies, which were mastered by teachers and students during the period of forced remote learning, are outlined.

The article describes the methodology of teaching the rules for the image of aviation products made of sheet material obtained by cutting, bending, drawing, etc. These rules, according to the graduate's competence model, are necessary for students to study design specialties of aviation universities. The proposed methodology implies the study of these rules in the framework of performing specialized graphic work in the discipline “Engineering Graphics”. The methodology includes a description of the structural elements of sheet parts and the features of their image in the drawings. Special attention when teaching this topic should be paid to the requirements for maintaining the strength and rigidity of the structure with a minimum weight. These requirements make it necessary to introduce special elements into the design of parts, such as bending, flanging, rifts, etc., as well as the need to depict scans in the drawing in order to clarify the shape of the parts. The considered examples allow students to form practical skills and abilities for displaying products made of sheet material in drawings; to acquire skills for reading drawings of thin-walled aircraft structures; to deepen knowledge of the state ESKD standards for the development and design of drawings of metal structures; to develop technical thinking. The material was tested while teaching the discipline “Engineering Graphics” at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University).

Overview of the 16th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and CoatingsA A Lozovan1 and D K Kostrin21Department of Materials and Materials Technology, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) “MAI”, 121552, Orshanskaya, 3, Moscow, Russia2Department of Electronic Instruments and Devices, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376, Professora Popova, 5, Saint Petersburg, RussiaE-mail: alexandr.lozovan@yandex.ru. This review discusses the key features and main results of the 16th International Scientific and Technical Conference Rapid Solidification Materials and Coatings, which took place on October 15–16, 2019 in Moscow.List of Photographs also available in this Pdf.

The necessity of training in the skills of complex shapes designing at the initial stage of general technical discipline “Engineering and Computer Graphics” is justified. It should be noted that technical design is also closely related to the modeling process, including the use of these principles to determine the relationship with the rest of the products included in the structure of the unit, which is widely used in educational research works (SIRS) in senior courses. The material was tested while teaching the discipline “Engineering Graphics” at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), including the section “Technical Drawing”.

A new concept for the quality control of natural waters was proposed. Currently, for this purpose a free method is used which involves the comparison of measured concentrations of each pollutant with the established standards, such as maximum permissible concentration ( MPC ), without specifying the probability of the fulfillment of C ≤ MPC or C > MPC type conditions. This control scheme corresponds to the concept of absolute precision of the analysis results and control. Following the modern theory of security it is necessary to get to the concept of acceptable risk, according to which the value of MPC must be supplemented by indicating the probability of finding the controlled parameter within the tolerance or the risk of going beyond its limits. In the mathematical formulation this is the task of constructing a confidence interval on the probability of performing a specified condition (tolerance interval). The current work explored different methods, applied to the problem of quality control of waters, by constructing parametric and nonparametric tolerance intervals, the first of which is independent of the law of distribution of a controlled parameter, while the second can be built under the normal law. We investigated the question of the amount of necessary measurements that should be performed to assess the water quality using each of these methods, and concluded that the parametric approach has substantial advantages. The paper also developed a method for separate confirmation of the requirements established for the mean concentration of the controlled parameter and its variance. It was shown that the required volume of test method occupies an intermediate position between the methods of parametric and nonparametric tolerance interval. To overcome the limitations in terms of normality of the relevant distribution law, a procedure was developed for estimating the required probabilities based on the mathematical apparatus of the order statistics that combines the advantages of both approaches. All of these studies were illustrated by computational examples that represent, in essence, the work practices of the practical application of the proposed approaches. Keywords: maximum allowable concentration, water quality control, non-parametric and parametric tolerance intervals, empirical probability distribution function, order statistics, conformity assessment (Russian) O.M. Rosenthal 1 , L.N. Alexandrowskja 2 1 of Water Problems of RAS, Gubkin ul. , 3, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation 2 Moscow aviation Institute (national research University) (MAI), Volokolamskoe shosse, 4, 125993, Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2015.20.1.001

Материал подготовлен Институтом статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ Озерова Ольга Кузьминична — заведующая отделом статистики образования Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: oozerova@hse.ru Адрес: Россия, 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20.Забатурина Ирина Юрьевна — старший научный сотрудник Центра статистики и мониторинга образования Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: izabaturina@hse.ru Адрес: Россия, 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20.Кузнецова Вера Ивановна — старший научный сотрудник Центра статистики и мониторинга образования Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: vkouznetsova@hse.ru Адрес: Россия, 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20.Ковалёва Галина Геннадьевна - главный эксперт Центра статистики и мониторинга образования Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: gkovaleva@hse.ru Адрес: Россия, 101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20.Качество образования зависит не только от процесса воспитания и преподавания, но и от материально-технической базы образовательных учреждений. Одним из приоритетных направлений российской государственной политики в сфере образования является приведение инфраструктуры учебных заведений к уровню, соответствующему современным стандартам. На основании результатов федерального статистического наблюдения представлены данные о состоянии материально-технической базы образовательных учреждений. Показано, что реализация приоритетного национального проекта «Образование», национальной образовательной инициативы «Наша новая школа», региональных проектов модернизации систем общего образования позволила существенно обновить инфраструктуру системы образования. Улучшилось обеспечение образовательных учреждений современным информационно-технологическим оборудованием, открывающим широкий доступ к различным образовательным ресурсам.Приведены показатели технического состояния и благоустройства зданий дошкольных и общеобразовательных (государственных и муниципальных) учреждений, их оснащенности компьютерами, в том числе с доступом в интернет; обеспеченности обучающихся в государственных и муниципальных общеобразовательных учреждениях услугами сети общественного питания, библиотеками, спортивными сооружениями.Представлены данные об обеспеченности учащихся образовательных учреждений начального, среднего и высшего профессионального образования общежитиями, услугами сети общественного питания, а также компьютерами с выходом в интернет, проекторами, интерактивными досками, принтерами, сканерами. Приведены показатели технического состояния зданий образовательных учреждений среднего и высшего профессионального образования.

Introduction. The study of the problem of teaching students of technical universities a foreign language before and during the pandemic is relevant due to the fact that higher education is looking for ways to improve the process of education for young people, in particular, to consider the problem of teaching foreign languages in a non-linguistic university. The purpose of the study is to analyze the behavioral strategies of students of a regional university in the prepandemic and pandemic periods, focused on the formation of competencies and ensuring the achievement of the planned results of mastering the educational program when studying the discipline Foreign Language at a technical university. Materials and methods. The research material was the data of an anonymous sociological survey of 100 students of the Stupino branch of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University). Research methods: search, descriptive, comparative, method of analysis based on a sociological survey, method of graphical presentation of data, Pearson's chi-square statistical method, as well as the method of systematization and generalization. Results. A comparative analysis of the results of teaching a foreign language to students of technical universities before and during the pandemic showed that the pandemic and, against its background, the accelerated development of digitalization, as well as the introduction of online platforms to ensure continuous higher education for students of Russian universities, in general, contributed to an increase in motivation to learn a foreign language and had a significant impact on a number of studied indicators related to the level of language proficiency and the structure of the educational process. Statistical differences were assessed using Pearson's χ² goodness-of-fit test at a significance level of α=0.05, taking into account the number of degrees of freedom k. For individual indicators, a significant excess of the critical values of χ² was found, which indicates statistically significant differences between the studied indicators in the pandemic period of education from the indicators of the base period. Conclusion. Nowadays, learning a foreign language plays an important role in obtaining a prestigious job for graduates of technical universities, so the lockdown period was a serious test for both students and university teachers. However, innovative solutions using technology can help overcome gaps in foreign language education for engineering students

The digital revolution in the Russian economy is leading to a radical change in the labour market, the emergence of new competencies, improved cooperation, increased responsibility of citizens, their ability to make independent decisions. This, in turn, is the reason for the reorganisation of the educational process, largely based on the use of IT technologies. The purpose of the paper is to solve the problem of unification of educational programmes within the framework of digitalisation of the educational process in universities. The unification of educational programmes is proposed, which ensures the conducting of the educational process without losing its quality, taking into account individual educational trajectories, as well as implementing a model for students' choice of a direction or training specialty, starting from the third year of study, and, as a result, making it possible to transfer students between educational levels up to 5 semesters, and within a level - up to 6 semesters. The unification of educational programmes is considered on the example of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University). The proposed unification covers the extended groups of specialties taking into account different levels and forms of training, as well as various territorial sites (branches).

Андрущак Григорий Викторович — кандидат экономических наук, заведующий Лабораторией анализа и моделирования институциональной динамики НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: gandroushchak@hse.ru Натхов Тимур Владимирович — кандидат экономических наук, научный сотрудник Лаборатории прикладного анализа институтов и социального капитала НИУ ВШЭ. Эл. адрес: timur.natkhov@gmail.com На основе анализа данных социологических опросов абитуриентов и их родителей до и после введения обязательного Единого государственного экзамена (ЕГЭ) оценивается эффект образовательной реформы 2009 г. в России.Подтверждено, что после введения обязательного ЕГЭ произошли значимые изменения в стратегиях выбора вузов и подготовки к поступлению, по крайней мере среди семей, проживающих в крупных городах. Сейчас относительно больше семей выбирают для поступления несколько вузов и относительно меньше семей ориентируются на один вуз. Кроме того, после введения обязательного ЕГЭ абитуриенты с большей вероятностью занимаются на подготовительных курсах в школе и самостоятельно и с меньшей вероятностью — на курсах при вузе. Данные результаты устойчивы при учете различий в доходах и демографических характеристиках семьи, а также города проживания.Установлено, что эффект реформы неоднороден. Наибольшие изменения в предпочтениях и стратегиях подготовки произошли в семьях с низким уровнем доходов. Дети из таких семей после реформы относительно чаще стали готовиться к ЕГЭ на подготовительных курсах по большему количеству предметов, выбирать несколько вузов для поступления. У них значительно повысилась самооценка знаний как по результатам школьного обучения, так и в сравнении с другими учащимися на курсах подготовки к ЕГЭ. Курсы подготовки к ЕГЭ позволяют повысить шансы на поступление в вуз для детей из семей с низкими доходами. Таким образом, именно абитуриенты из малообеспеченных семей получили относительно больше преимуществ от введения ЕГЭ по сравнению с остальными абитуриентами.

Building an economy with a reduction in the innovation cycle, i.e. in complex of works, which includes the stages and results of the innovation process, now is one of the main features of the modern development of the world economy. This is a new stage in the formation of an innovative society. One of the key tasks of the state Customer of the program, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, is to obtain the final product as a result of applied scientific research and experimental development. The article discusses the toolkit for management monitoring of the commercialization of high-tech projects, which is relevant at the moment. The necessity of introducing innovations in the field of control over the fulfillment of obligations under scientific and technical projects has been substantiated.

During the last few years the Moscow Aviation Institute (Russia) and the Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan) have worked jointly on the development of ultrawideband (UWB) medical radars for remote and contactiess monitoring of patients in hospitals. Preliminary results of these works were published in [1]. As of the present, several radars have been produced and tested in real conditions in hospitals in Russia and Taiwan. Some results of these tests are given.

Dictated by the necessity of innovative development and experiencing the sanctions imposed by the international community , Russia confronts the problem and, at the same time the prospect, to gradually withdraw from commodity and raw materials trade orientation of the national economy towards the innovative industrially developed economy. The transition to an innovative economy forces all economic actors to perform a complex organizational and economic work and elaborate the national economy development project. The focus on innovative principles of economic development is an argument favouring the establishment of a common strategy in training specialists for domestic industry. The article is devoted to the analysis of the specificity of human capital formation in National research universities. Considering the Russian goal to create the human capital complying with the development of innovative economy the National technical and natural science research universities (NRU)have to be established.. The article reveals the NRU role in the formation of intellectual capital complying with challenges of the innovation economy, as well as the analysis of the peculiarities of NRU functioning in Russia and abroad. National research universities have to play a significant role in the formation of human capital, the development of Russia’s science and innovation culture, thus contributing to the development of innovative economy of the Russian Federation. Measures are proposed how to change the human capital formation system and provoke adequate changes of the organizational-economic mechanism of University’s management, to change the relationship of all the internal elements basing on partner relations and strategic marketing approach to the University’s activity.