家政学広報におけるブックレット『家政学のじかん』の可能性(第2報) : 大学生が抱く家政学のイメージ

The purpose of this paper is to report on a practical project to develop teaching materials for use in primary school home economics education, undertaken jointly by the authors and two local companies in Fukui Prefecture, Japan (Plus Jack Inc. and Technowarp Co., Ltd.). This report highlights international trends and demands in Risk Reduction and Resilience Education (from the UN’s Sendai Framework for Disaster Reduction 2015-2030 and the Global Alliance for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience in the Education Sector, specifically the Comprehensive School Safety Framework 2022-2030), and how these dovetail neatly with trends and demands in Japan (from government laws and documents, including the Course of Study for home economics). These frameworks constitute the theory on which the practical project was premised and then enacted, especially in terms of (1) fostering social capital that leads to enhanced resilience, and (2) passing on the lessons learnt from previous disasters, all through close collaboration with local companies. Thus, the value of developing home economics teaching materials in collaboration with local businesses is elucidated. This paper details the process and progress of this collaborative project to create the teaching materials, including piloting them in experiments, first with university students and then with primary school students themselves. As a result of the project, the ‘yoji-yoji’ retroreflective straps and the disaster prevention whistle ‘Infinity’ were developed as teaching materials for primary school home economics lessons. Beyond that, though, both teaching materials are intended to be used on a daily basis as disaster prevention tools/resources to protect children even after the end of the study. Future research will aim to develop further primary school home economics lessons using these and other teaching materials and evaluate the effectiveness of such teaching materials through thorough ongoing practical classroom research.

In recent decades, the concepts of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship have become key players in modern economic development and have received increasing attention both in the European Union and in our country. At present, the SME sector accounts for more than half of the workforce, which is why it is important to monitor their development and performance, as they have a significant impact on the performance of the domestic economy, and thus entrepreneurship and the promotion of entrepreneurial activities are a priority economic policy issue, and can contribute significantly to economic growth, job creation and the competitiveness of the country. As a result of our research on entrepreneurship and its determinants, it can be concluded that entrepreneurship depends on a number of factors, including personal characteristics, attitudes, motivations, educational and cultural background, economic and legal environment, market opportunities and challenges. The results show that more than 90 percent of university students have a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship and nearly 10 percent of them already have a business during their university years. Among the personal motivational factors, the most common responses from those surveyed were financial security, self-fulfilment and social recognition and challenge. This suggests that university students perceive self-employment as more stable than employment. The high influencing factors of self-fulfilment and challenge factors clearly show that university students are not self-employed by necessity, but would start a business for a good business opportunity, to achieve their own plans and goals. The most negatively influencing factors for starting a business according to respondents are financial risk, lack of start-up capital and lack of information, all of which could be addressed by government grants and start-up tenders and other funding opportunities. Despite the fact that the vast majority of students are open to starting a business, very few are aware of the public grants and other funding opportunities available to support entrepreneurship. When asked whether they would like to receive information on starting a business or developing a business idea in the future, nearly 90% of students would like to receive information in the context of compulsory university courses, optional courses and dedicated events.

This study aimed to identify the degree of applying food habits among Umm Al Qura University students and its relation to some variables (level of study, specialization, social status, cumulative average) for the academic year 2017/2018. The study sample consisted of (150) students who are chosen randomly from the students of Home Economics College in Makkah. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on the study of any phenomenon as it exists in fact, and describe it qualitatively or quantitatively. To achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was applied after verifying its validity and stability. It consisted of (30) paragraphs that included a set of healthy food habits and constructed according to the Likert scale quintet. The data were analyzed using the statistical packages (SPSS).The findings indicate that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (? ? 0.05) due to the level of study and for the fourth year students. Whereas, there are no significant differences in the level of function (? ? 0.05) between the application of food habits due to the variable of the social situation, specialization, and the cumulative rate. The researcher recommended in the light of the study results: Adopting a national strategy at the level of public and private universities through the development of curricula related to food and nutrition and inclusion in the early stages of education years. More nutrition research is needed across all age groups in the first stages of schooling.

The body image affects the individual's interactions and attitudes in life, and contributes to the composition of his experiences and trends through the events and positions. The present study aimed to reveal the relationship between body image and life orientation, and to know the differences between married and unmarried in both variables, where the researcher apply the scale of body image prepared by Shukir (2002), and the scale of life orientation prepared by Al-Ansari (2002), on a sample of 381 representing 27.3% of the total female students in the departments Special Education, Kindergartens, Home Economics, Islamic Studies from the faculty of education in Wadi Aldawasir, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, in the second semester of the academic year 2016/2017. The results showed a positive life orientation and a positive body image in the study sample, the results also showed positive correlation between body image and life orientation, while the results did not show differences between the study sample in body image and life orientation attributed to marital status.

The relationships between the field-dependence-independence level (GEFT score) of university home economics majors and their area of concentration, academic ability and performance, and career choices were investigated. The sample was 143 undergraduate and 53 graduate women university students. A significant difference in GEFT was found when students were grouped according to the five areas of concentration or by the analytical-interpersonal nature of their chosen career positions. Significant correlations were found between GEFT and all ACT scores, undergraduate and graduate GPA, and graduate student career commitment. There was no significant relationship for GEFT with any GRE score, undergraduate career commitment, or ease of career choice. Little evidence of a differential effect of GEFT on achievement in analytical or social content courses was found.

With the bursting development of electricity and information technology, the reform of course curriculum for university students is urgently needed. Domestic science and engineering universities are generally open circuit principle, circuit principle experiment, analog electronic technology, analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology, digital electronic technology experiment technology foundation course, objects and research problems of these courses are geared to the needs of electronic electrical engineering environment, the relevant follow-up courses need circuit and a solid knowledge of electronic circuit and so on. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art patterns of teaching for EIT related courses. The proposed pattern will largely enhance the effectiveness of the current teaching pattern and gain satisfactory result for the future generation.

Low Food Security and Diet Quality Among Midwest University Students (P04-051-19)

Purpose: At present, the world is in the grip of COVID-19, a new health threat that has been declared a pandemic. To reduce the number of COVID-19 cases, preventive measures such as lockdowns and social distancing have been adopted. This situation is a cause of psychological stress for humans, especially among the youth. This study was conducted to analyze the stress levels of university students and the factors that contributed to reduction in stress levels.
 Methodology: A sample of 997 students was taken from the University of Home Economics Lahore. The data was collected through a detailed online survey and presented graphically with the help of tables and graphs. The impact of family size, family setup, and house size, the presence of kids and pets at home as well as religious following on stress levels was studied using chi-square tests and tests of correlation.
 Findings: Significant correlations were found supporting the idea that all of the aforementioned factors played a significant role in reducing stress levels among the young students.
 Practical implications: This research will help the educators and psychologists tackle students’ stress issues during social distancing. This research is an addition to the existing literature developed during COVID-19.

Home Economics Proficiency in University Students.

This study investigated the attitudes and perceptions of Home Economics students toward indigenous attires in universities in Delta State, Nigeria, within the context of globalization and contemporary fashion influences. The study adopted a descriptive survey design, and the population comprised all seventy-five (75) Home Economics students in Delta State University, Abraka and University of Delta, Agbor; due to the manageable size, a census approach was used. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring knowledge, attitudes, and influencing factors related to indigenous clothing. Descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) were used to summarize overall attitude patterns, while inferential statistics (independent samples t-test) were applied to compare the perceptions of students across the two universities. The use of inferential analysis was justified by the study’s objective of determining whether statistically significant differences exist between the two groups rather than examining relationships among variables. Findings revealed generally positive attitudes toward indigenous attires, with students expressing strong cultural pride and identity attachment, although regular usage remained moderate due to economic and contextual factors. Significant differences were observed between the two institutions on selected attitude and perception items, indicating that institutional context shapes students’ views. The study concludes that strengthening curriculum integration, cultural exposure, and institutional support can enhance the appreciation and sustained use of indigenous attires among Home Economics students.

The 1993 annual National Council on Family Relations (NCFR) Videotape Competition was hosted by the Home Economics Department, College of Applied Science and Technology, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois from March 15 to April 2, 1993. The purpose of the annual competition is to evaluate quality and endorse excellence in the production of videotapes with themes relevant to family issues, to promote the effective use of these resources, and to encourage high standards in the development of creative learning opportunities. Entries solicited were placed in one of the following 16 categories: Addiction/Substance Abuse; Aging; Contemporary Social Issues; Divorce/Remarriage; Families with Special Needs; Family Violence/Abuse; Human Development Across the Life Span; Human Reproduction and Family Planning; Marital and Family Issues and Communications; Mental Health, Stress, Transitions and Crisis Management; Non-Traditional Family Systems; Parenting Issues; Sexuality and Sex Role Development; Teenage Pregnancy and Sexuality; STD/AIDS; and Other, which emphasized public policy this year. The following entry guidelines were imposed by NCFR: Submissions were to be first-time entries to the competition, carry a release date no earlier than January 1, 1991, and be available for purchase, rental, or loan on a nation-wide basis. Each producer/distributor could submit only one entry per category. All entries, which were to be 1/2 videocassette recordings, were to be received by March 1, 1993. One hundred and fourteen (114) entries were received. Although producer/distributors identified the category for their entry, the competition director reserved the right to modify categories or to change the category of an entry. No entries were received for the Divorce/Remarriage category. For each category, a panel of appropriate judges was selected from a pool of nearly 40 interested volunteers. Included in this pool were university faculty, staff, and students (graduate and undergraduate); public school teachers and counselors; social service agency staff; family and individual counselors/therapists; Cooperative Extension Service specialists and 4-H youth staff; clerics; practitioners working in domestic and drug abuse programs; hospital gerontologists; local AIDS task force members; and law enforcement professionals. After viewing an entry in a particular category, each judge on the panel was asked to independently make both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the videotape. The evaluation form allowed for numerical ratings on the basis of content (40 possible points), artistic quality (20 points), and the degree to which stated goals and intended audience were matched (20 points). Additionally, the form asked for the judge to provide a qualitative analysis of the major strengths and weaknesses/limitations of each entry. When more than one judge viewed an entry at the same time, they often concluded the rating process with a brief discussion of their assessment. Generally, the videotapes were required to receive an average minimum score of 67 out of 80 to be declared a Category Winner or Runner-Up; therefore, not every category had a winner. An average minimum score of 60 was necessary to be awarded Honorable Mention status. The following listing identifies the Winner, Runner-Up, and Honorable Mention recipients by category. The goals, objectives, and synopsis of each entry were provided by the producer/director and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of NCFR, the competition director, or the judges. Intended audiences are noted in this manner: PG for primary grades, JH for junior high, HS for high school, C for college, G for general, P for parents, and PRO for professionals. WINNERS BY CATEGORY 1. ADDICTION/SUBSTANCE ABUSE * Winner: Boy Wonder (28 minutes). Producer: Forefront Productions, 609-402 West Pender Street, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6B 1T6. Distributor: Bureau for At-Risk Youth, 79 Carley Avenue, Huntington, NY 11743. …

This study examined the perspectives of undergraduate students on the side effects of food Additives to human health. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The population of this study comprised of all undergraduates students in Edo State. The study adopted the descriptive design. The sample size for this study comprised one hundred undergraduate students in Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo state, Nigeria. using random sampling techniques. Questionnaire was used to collect data for this study, the questionnaire was made up of two parts, section A and B, section A contains demographic information of the respondents, section B contains research area of investigation, the instrument was validated by experts in Home Economics Education, department of vocational and technical education, AAU. Split half method was used to obtain reliability coefficient of 0.76 . The researcher personally administered the copies of the questionnaires to the respondents. It contains twenty items. The questionnaires were collected immediately to avoid loss of data’s. The findings of this study revealed that most undergraduate students are not aware of side effect of food additives to human health, it was also revealed that the respondents consumed some harmful additives in large quantity, which is dangerous to human health, it was recommended among others that Government should create awareness on the side effect of food additive to human health. The public should avoid harmful food additives and reduce consumption of processed food. Keywords : Food Additives, Types of Food Additives, Effects of Food Additives, Undergraduate Students. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/14-15-06 Publication date: May 31 st 2023

This research aims to analyze the environmental knowledge and attitudes of university students. For the purpose of data collection, a survey was conducted on 162 students from the 3 rd and the 4 th grade studying in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences Education at the Industrial Arts Education Faculty, Gazi University. For the conduct of the research, descriptive statistics (such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation etc.), the t test and variance analysis were used for the comparison of the groups; and correlation and regression analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used for determining the relations between quantitative variables. According to the results, it was observed that the environmental knowledge level of the students is higher than their environmental attitude level. However, a significant relationship was observed between the environmental knowledge of the university students and their attitudes regarding this knowledge. Moreover, significant relationships were determined between the general environmental knowledge and the attitude levels of the students and their individual characteristics other than their ages (such as class, gender, the education level of the father, the education level of the mother, levels of income, and whether they have acquired any environmental education prior to the university) (p<0.05). According to the averages, it was determined that the environmental knowledge and attitude levels of the 4 th grade students, females and of the students having acquired environmental education prior to university are higher than those of the 3 rd grade students, males, and of the students who had not acquired environmental education prior to university.