Специфіка розвитку ринку BIG DATA для потреб відновлення економіки України в повоєнний період

Big data technology (synonymous with Apache Hadoop) is growing rapidly due to its low cost, scalable data processing capabilities, and high fault tolerance. After the release of Hadoop 1.0, the organizations started using this technology but faced some difficulties. At this stage, Hadoop Framework was premature in fulfilling the expectations of different organizations, which looked for an alternative of Apache Hadoop. Therefore, Hadoop vendors improvised the open source core Apache Hadoop release and made it enterprise ready. Hadoop Distributions presented a unified product: an added apache repository, new tools, security and central administration all together so that the organizations did not have to spend time assembling all these essentials into a single functional piece. The most accepted Hadoop Distributions existing in the market today are Cloudera CDH, Hortonworks HDP, and MapR M5. This paper discusses different features of these Hadoop vendor distributions and makes comparisons based on the functionality and contribution of each vendor in the big data market.

Big Data is a relatively recent phenomenon, but has already shown its potential to drastically alter the relationship between businesses, individuals, and governments. Many organisations now control vast amounts of raw data, and those industry players with the resources to mine that data to create new information have a significant advantage in the big data market. The aim of this chapter is to identify the legal grounds for the ownership of big data: who legally owns the petabytes and exabytes of information created daily? Does this belong to the users, the data analysts, or to the data brokers and various infomediaries? The chapter presents a succinct overview of the legal ownership of big data by examining the key players in control of the information at each stage of processing of big data. It then moves on to describe the current legislative framework with regard to data protection and concludes in additional techno-legal solutions offered to complement the law of big data in this respect.

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the financial technology (FinTech) market in Ukraine. The key stages of the formation of the Ukrainian financial technology market are identified and their characteristics are carried out. The key segments and components of the financial technology market in Ukraine at the current stage are identified. The peculiarities of the impact of full-scale invasion on the functioning of the market and the adaptation mechanisms that allowed the sector not only to survive, but also to demonstrate resilience and innovative potential are studied. The current state of the FinTech market in Ukraine, the influence of the NBU on the formation of the regulatory environment, the investment climate, the main trends and challenges in war conditions are analyzed. The main elements of FinTech, such as digital payments, peer-to-peer lending, blockchain technologies and regulatory initiatives, are considered. Based on the research conducted, the prospects for the further development of the fintech industry in Ukraine are substantiated. In particular, the prospects for the development of Ukrainian FinTech are outlined, taking into account national specifics and in the context of European integration aspirations and global trends.

Electricity market reform gives rise to new electricity sales pattern, one product of which is electricity sales package. In view of the scalability and sparse high-dimensional data when we recommend electricity sales package in the big data market, a recommendation pattern is proposed for electricity sales package based on bidirectional clustering and Spark framework. Firstly, an improved K-Means clustering algorithm based on Kruskal algorithm is designed to automatically determine the cluster center, perform bidirectional clustering of electricity sales packages and electricity users, and find the nearest neighbors of package items and similar clusters of target users. Then, an improved clustering-based electricity sales package recommendation pattern is proposed to achieve accurate recommendation of electricity sales packages. Finally, parallelization is implemented on the Spark platform. Experiments show that the proposed recommendation pattern can significantly increase the recommendation accuracy, which has good recommendation efficiency and scalability in a distributed environment, thus enabling users to find interesting electricity sales packages from the massive package information.

The war created extraordinary challenges and threats to the human potential of Ukraine’s regions. The most significant is the deepening of the disproportionality and imbalance of the labor market due to the loss of a significant number of qualified personnel (due to migration and mobilization) and changes in the employment structure. This was particularly acutely reflected in the structure of labor resources, particularly its gender-age and professional (educational and qualification) elements. One of the most important factors influencing this structure was foreign migration and the illegal deportation of Ukrainian citizens to the Russian Federation. Effective mechanisms and tools from the regional governing bodies are necessary to ensure compliance between all social and labor sphere links, considering the regional and qualification imbalances in the labor market. Also, to further minimize the risks of the development of the labor market in Ukraine and to preserve the labor resource potential, it is advisable to determine the main socio-economic levers and drivers of regional policy, which will contribute to reducing regional and qualification imbalances, increasing marginal labor productivity and, as a result, increasing the productive capacity of regions. The article evaluates the tools that influence the productive capacity of the economy of the regions of Ukraine in the context of preserving their labor resource potential in the conditions of war and post-war recovery. The main challenges and threats to the human potential of the regions of Ukraine in the conditions of the war and subsequent post-war reconstruction are identified, the most significant of which is the deepening of disproportionality and imbalance of the labor market due to the loss of a significant part of qualified personnel (due to migration and mobilization), as well as changes in the employment structure. Based on the threat analysis, the factors currently fundamental for ensuring the functioning of regional labor markets in Ukraine have been determined. The instruments that influence the economy’s productive capacity were studied with the help of a survey of state authorities in the regions. Based on the research, the main socio-economic levers and drivers of increasing the regional economy’s productive capacity in preserving Ukraine’s labor potential in the conditions of the war and post-war recovery are substantiated. Keywords: labor resource potential, productive capacity, labor market, region, structural disparities, human potential, employment, war, post-war economic recovery.

The year of 2011 is considered the first year of big data market in China. Compared with the global scale, China's big data growth will be faster than the global average growth rate, and China will usher in the rapid expansion of big data market in the next few years. This paper presents the overall big data development in China in terms of market scale and development stages, enterprise development in the industry chain, the technology standards, and industrial applications. The paper points out the issues and challenges facing big data development in China and proposes to make polices and create support approaches for big data transactions and personal privacy protection.

Over the past few decades, the use of e-commerce in business has increased significantly. More and more companies that used to focus exclusively on offline operations are beginning to consider e-commerce as a promising area of strategic development. As a result, studying the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine, as well as trends and barriers to its development, will allow to develop an understanding of the peculiarities of the functioning and growth of business entities in the context of the Ukrainian online environment. In this regard, it is worth paying special attention to the study of the specifics of the development of the e-commerce market as a strategic recovery of the Ukrainian economy. The subject of the study is the process of development of the Ukrainian e-commerce market in the conditions of war. The purpose is to research and analyse the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine in the context of growing instability caused by the war, as well as to identify key issues and trends in the development of the e-commerce system in an unstable and changing environment. The questions of this study require the use of a combination of general scientific and modern research methods, among which the most important are the method of system analysis (when studying the approaches and points of view of Ukrainian and Western scientists), economic and statistical analysis (to determine the trends in the development of e-commerce in Ukraine), analysis and synthesis (when studying the types and models of e-commerce), graphic analysis (to visualize a number of theoretical and practical provisions of the article). The article examines the state of the e-commerce market in Ukraine during the war. It finds that until 2022 there was a significant increase in the volume and growth rate of the e-commerce market. With the outbreak of the war, the market experienced a dramatic drop in volume, but from 2023 significant stabilisation processes took place. The importance of further development of the e-commerce market not only during the war, but also to overcome its consequences during the post-war recovery period is determined. Conclusions. Ukrainian e-commerce is experiencing high growth rates. The barriers to entering the online market are relatively low and the benefits of e-commerce for users and entrepreneurs are tangible. However, at the current stage, the Ukrainian e-commerce market has many unresolved issues that hinder its development. If the key issues are effectively addressed, the development of e-commerce in Ukraine will have a future.

Trends in the development of the housing market in Ukraine, dynamics of its fluctuations, the identification of key factors that may lead to changes and shifts in the Ukrainian housing market, the impact of the respective primary housing sectors, factors shaping the consumer preferences of households in connection with demand for housing, modeling the housing market and the prospects for the development of the housing market in Ukraine, are considered in this article. The authors pay attention to certain methodological features and factors that shape the specific functioning of the housing market in Ukraine and create the appropriate preconditions for determining the prospects for its further development. Taking into account the technical, operational, consumer and cost characteristics of such a product as housing, and the specifics of the organization and implementation of the production process in construction, the implementation of a cobweb model is proposed to determine the nature of functioning and prospects for further development of the Ukrainian housing market.

Big data has been emerging as a new approach in utilizing large datasets to optimize complex system operations. Big data is fueled with Internet-of-Things (IoT) services that generate immense sensory data from numerous sensors and devices. While most current research focus of big data is on machine learning and resource management design, the economic modeling and analysis have been largely overlooked. This paper thus investigates the big data market model and optimal pricing scheme. We first study the utility of data from the data science perspective, i.e., using the machine learning methods. We then introduce the market model and develop an optimal pricing scheme afterward. The case study shows clearly the suitability of the proposed data utility functions. The numerical examples demonstrate that big data and IoT service provider can achieve the maximum profit through the proposed market model.

The core of big data marketing is to enable online advertising to be delivered to the right people through the right carrier at the right time. This can improve the conversion rate and achieve the effect of precision marketing. Combined with the mature cases involving big data precision marketing of relevant enterprises, this paper analyzes the necessity of big data precision marketing by taking enterprise big data precision marketing as an example. This paper also puts forward the specific implementation ways and methods of enterprises in big data precision marketing. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can unify and integrate multiple sets of user data of different systems by opening up the data islands of various systems within the enterprise. This method can effectively analyze and mine data and label users. This method can carry out precision marketing activities for users through data modeling.

The article examines the current state and digital vectors of the development of the insurance market of Ukraine and identifies promising directions for the digitalization of insurance. The essence of the insurance category is revealed. It is noted that the insurance market in Ukraine lags far behind developed countries. An analysis of the dynamics of the number of participants in the insurance market, the amount of assets of insurance companies, the structure of the insurance portfolio by types of insurance was carried out, and the main trends of the insurance market in Ukraine were revealed. The keys to the stable development of insurance activity in Ukraine have been defined as: quick response to new conditions and customer requests; the ability to adapt, accumulate positive experience, analyze and correct negative moments; develop harmoniously, find a balance between the accumulation of new knowledge and their practical application. Factors influencing and functioning of the domestic insurance market are determined. The features of modern trends in digital insurance tools, as an important mechanism for the growth of the insurance market, are revealed. It was found InsurTech that modern technologies are important for insurance companies. These InsurTech nclude artificial intelligence technologies, new inventions in the field of cyber security, big data analysis («bigdata), blockchain technologies, the Internet of Things (LoT ) and smartphone applications.

The essence of the concept of “transnational corporation” as a form of interna- tional entrepreneurship is defined in the paper. It is determined that the main cata- lyst of accelerated economic growth are international investments involving by TNCs. However, global FDI has been negatively affected by the war in Ukraine, high food and energy prices, as well as recession risks and debt pressures in many countries. In 2022 global FDI flows decreased by 12 %, to the level of $1.3 trillion according to the World Investment Report 2023. The peculiarities of the TNCs activity on the ukrainian market in the conditions of the war were studied in the paper. It was determined that, despite the war, Ukraine attracts significant invest- ments from TNCs, although their activity is “slowed down” due to the war on the territory of the country. TNCs operating in Ukraine during the war have been systematized: ArcelorMittal – a metallurgical company (Luxembourg), in 2022 invested $120 million in ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih; Onur Group (Turkey) invests in the mining of graphite ore in the Khmelnytskyi region; Bayer (Germany), in 2023, announced its readiness to invest 35 million euros in a seed plant in Zhyto- myr region; Henkel (Germany) invested 60,000 euros in 2023 in the moderniza- tion of equipment and digitalization of production processes at the company’s Vyshgorod plant; Kingspan Group (Ireland), a world leader in the production of high-tech energy-efficient building materials, is starting an investment project worth $280 million in Lviv region; Fixit (Germany), a manufacturer of building materials, despite the war, is building a second factory in Ukraine in Lviv; Nestlé (Switzerland), at the end of 2022, started construction of a new plant in Smoligov (Volyn region); Philip Morris (USA), a tobacco company, invests more than $30 million in the launch of a new production in the Lviv region, etc. The Govern- ment of Ukraine has developed a recovery plan that will promote the attraction of FDI and guarantee their return to investors, which should have a positive effect on the post-war recovery of our country. Prospective areas of TNCs activity in Ukraine in the conditions of war and post-war recovery are given in the paper, in particular: recovery of logistics after the blockade of Ukrainian ports; cheap lending and debt restructuring (for domestic companies); attraction of FDI; re- ceiving funds from the aggressor country; refund of VAT to exporters, etc.

The article is aimed at studying the current global trends and national initiatives in forming a green bonds market in Ukraine through attracting investment to implement environmentally important projects in the area of energy conservation. The essence and key features of “green” bonds as an effective financial instrument for the implementation of environmentally friendly projects in economy are revealed. Analytical review of the green bond market development in the international space and European countries has helped to identify global investment trends and a number of essential features of “green bonds” as a lucrative investment asset in the long run, which brings positive socio-economic and environmental effects. The legal base and regulatory aspect of the formation of the green bonds market in the national economy is compared with those of the developed countries. The main provisions of forming the state policy on the green bond market in Ukraine are analyzed, taking into account the expected results of attracting finance in the sphere of energy efficiency. The risks and promising areas of implementing the Concept of introduction and development of the green bonds market in Ukraine is identified on the basis of changing trends in the investment sphere of the global financial market. It is substantiated that the potential of market development in Ukraine creates the basis for attracting investment capital in various areas of energy efficiency and helps our country to join global trends of greening the national economy in the context of the pandemic. It is proved that the green bond market can compete with investments in virtual assets and will have a long-term economic effect in the process of modernizing the national economy in the period of global climate change and COVID-19.

The article is devoted to the study of the medical tourism market, the peculiarities of its functioning and development in modern economic conditions and the search for possible ways to adapt to the effects of the crisis. The subject of the study is the organizational and economic relations that are formed in the process of adaptation and ensuring sustainable interaction of medical tourism market participants in accordance with current trends and prospects for the transformation of recreation and tourism. The aim of the work is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for improving the domestic market of medical tourism based on current trends in the global and national tourism industry. Achieving this goal is ensured by the following interrelated tasks: to explore current trends in the global medical tourism market; to compile socio-economic characteristics of the development of the medical tourism market in Ukraine; identify systemic problems of medical tourism market development in Ukraine; identify promising areas for modernization of the medical tourism market in the post-crisis period. The methodological basis of the research consists of a systematic and program-targeted approach, monographic, graphic, economic-statistical and heuristic methods of scientific research. The following results were obtained. The tendencies of development of the tourist branch of Ukraine are analyzed and the socio-economic characteristic of the development of the medical tourism market in Ukraine is made. Systemic problems of medical tourism market development in Ukraine are revealed. Perspective directions of modernization of the medical tourism market in the post-crisis period are determined. Conclusions. The most promising and timely areas of transformation of the medical tourism market are the introduction of new forms of tourism in the field of medical tourism in terms of restricting freedom of movement between countries and regions, as well as reducing the purchasing power of potential tourists; expanding the possibilities of medical tourism through the use of modern innovations, especially in the context of the introduction of elements of digital technologies; expanding the range of medical tourism export programs; development of partnerships with other participants in the tourism market and related industries in the context of the formation of cluster structures, expanding networking and participation in interregional and international projects.

Topicality. In the current environment, optimizing foreign trade in the juice product market is a highly relevant issue. The war has caused significant imbalances in production, logistics, and trade, particularly due to the destruction of enterprises, disruption of supply chains, loss of traditional sales markets, and increased production costs. However, despite these challenges, the market demonstrates potential for recovery through alignment with international trends and new opportunities for cooperation. Key trends include the growing demand for organic products, the implementation of innovative technologies, and a reorientation toward European markets. At the same time, the development of trade is influenced by economic, political, and technological factors, as well as behavioral trends such as consumer demand for natural juices. Expanding distribution channels, improving production standards, and enhancing product certification will contribute to increasing Ukraine’s competitiveness in global trade. Effective monitoring and strategic planning will enable Ukrainian producers to strengthen their market positions even under conditions of uncertainty. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this study is to identify current trends and influencing factors in the development of Ukraine's foreign trade in juice products, as well as to formulate priority directions for its advancement during the wartime and post-war periods. The objectives of the study are as follows: to identify key factors affecting the competitiveness of Ukrainian producers based on the analysis of global juice market development trends; to outline priority directions for improving foreign trade in juice products, taking into account the need to adapt to changes in the global economy; and to develop recommendations for stimulating the export of Ukrainian juice products during wartime and in the post-war recovery phase. Materials and methods. The research materials include the works of domestic and foreign scholars on the development of juice product markets, as well as analytical reports from international organizations studying the agri-food sector. To conduct the analytical review and identify trends in foreign trade development, data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, and international trade organizations were used. The main methods employed in the study include induction, analysis and synthesis, the system-structural approach, and statistical methods. For data visualization, tabular and graphical methods were applied. Research results. The trends in the development of the juice product market in Ukraine and globally have been analyzed. It is shown that despite the challenges of war, Ukraine continues to maintain its position as one of the key exporters of apple concentrate, which remains the primary product in the juice segment. It has been identified that global juice producers are focusing on the production of organic juices, the share of which in EU and North American countries reaches 23–28%. The largest juice exporters in the world are Brazil, Spain, and the Netherlands, while Ukraine ranks among the top 20 exporters. The study revealed that the dynamics of juice exports from Ukraine are showing growth. In particular, during the first quarter of 2023, 29,000 tons of juices—mainly apple juice—were exported, totaling over USD 48 million. The main export markets include the United States, Poland, and Austria. At the same time, imported juice products from the EU, China, and Brazil continue to play a significant role in Ukraine’s domestic market, especially in the segment of exotic juices. Promising directions for development include improving production technologies, increasing the share of high value-added products, and forming an effective foreign trade policy to stimulate exports. The growing demand for organic products requires Ukrainian producers to actively adapt to global standards and trends. Conclusion. It has been established that the war has significantly altered the volumes of juice exports and imports from Ukraine, leading to a redistribution of sales markets and a decline in competitiveness in certain areas. Despite a reduction in domestic consumption caused by socio-economic transformations, the volume of Ukrainian juice exports remained stable in 2023, primarily due to continued shipments of apple juice to markets in the United States, Poland, and Austria. A global trend toward the increasing share of organic juices has been identified, requiring Ukrainian producers to adapt to international standards and trends. At the same time, the import of juice products—particularly exotic juices—remains substantial due to limited domestic production capabilities. Promising directions for further research include improving production technologies, increasing the share of high value-added products, ensuring high-quality packaging and labeling, as well as developing new logistics systems and global value chains to strengthen Ukraine’s position in international juice markets.