企業環境意識、綠色採購、環境績效及競爭力關聯性之研究

The purpose of the current study is to investigate how organizational resources and capabilities affect corporate environmental strategy (CES) and performance based on an extended natural resource-based view (NRBV). In contrast with existing studies showing only partial relationships, such as the relationship between CES and firm performance, the current study investigates comprehensive relationships among core NRBV variables and develops an integrated model by combining a resource-based view (RBV), NRBV and competitive advantage theory. The NRBV, as an extension of Barney’s (1991) RBV, is the first model to advocate the importance of corporate capabilities with natural environmental consideration (Hart, 1995). However, this NRBV does not explicitly address the role of corporate proactive environmental strategy (PES) as a determinant of performance. To differentiate the current study with existing studies focusing on the relationship between PES and performance, the current study investigates the driving forces of PES in the nexus of the PES-performance. Further, it examines performance from both environmental and financial perspectives. As such, the model in this thesis identifies six key variables which include (i) organizational resources, (ii) organizational capabilities, (iii) PES, (iv) competitive advantage, (v) environmental performance, and (vi) financial performance. The current study used model comparison techniques and identified a two-tier structure of factors which are associated with organizational resources and capabilities before investigating causality. For the empirical analysis, the current study employed the structural equation modeling (SEM) using from participants in Korean manufacturing.

Green supply chain management (GSCM) has gained significant attention as companies in developing countries face growing pressure from regulators, consumers, and global value chains to adopt environmentally responsible practices. Yet empirical evidence on the relationship between specific GSCM activities and firm performance in developing country contexts remains inconsistent and sparse. This study addresses that gap by empirically examining the relationships between three GSCM dimensions green procurement, green manufacturing, and green distribution and three firm performance dimensions: environmental, economic, and operational. Using a cross-sectional survey of 312 manufacturing firms across India, Nigeria, China, and Ghana, a structural equation model (SEM) was estimated, grounded in Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV) and Stakeholder Theory. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed strong reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.86), composite reliability (CR = 0.88), and convergent validity (AVE = 0.61). Path analysis reveals that green manufacturing exerts the strongest positive effect on environmental performance (β = 0.412, p < 0.001), while green procurement significantly influences both environmental (β = 0.341) and economic performance (β = 0.198). Green distribution notably drives operational performance (β = 0.318, p < 0.001). Environmental performance further mediates the relationship between GSCM practices and economic and operational outcomes, suggesting a virtuous cycle between ecological responsibility and business competitiveness. Country-level moderation analysis indicates that institutional quality and regulatory stringency amplify the performance benefits of GSCM adoption, highlighting the critical role of governance in sustainability transitions within emerging markets. These findings advance the GSCM literature by providing empirical evidence from economies at varying development stages, and offer actionable guidance for managers and policymakers seeking to leverage green practices as a source of sustainable competitive advantage.

This study was aimed at examining the effect of sustainable production management practices (SPMPs) on the environmental, social, and economic performances of clothing manufacturing companies in Ethiopia and their competitive advantages. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select clothing manufacturing companies located in Addis Ababa and Hawassa cities, Ethiopia. The sites were selected because of the availability of a relatively larger number of clothing manufacturing companies in industry parks. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 274 participants selected purposively. Furthermore, 28 top and middle‐level managers of clothing manufacturers were interviewed, and 18 clothing manufacturing companies were checked through checklists. Covariance‐based structural equation modeling was employed to test hypotheses. The findings indicated that SPMPs have a significant impact on the environmental performance and competitive advantages of the case industry. In addition, environmental performance had a significant impact on competitive advantages. However, SPMPs had an insignificant influence on economic and social performances, and economic and social performances also had an insignificant impact on competitive advantages. The findings provide insights for policymakers and managers of clothing manufacturing companies, indicating the environmental good practices and the social and economic intervention areas to improve the competitiveness of the clothing industry in Ethiopia.

Environmental ethics, environmental performance, and competitive advantage: Role of environmental training

近年來鋼鐵產業易受景氣所影響，然而在兩岸經濟合作架構協議簽訂後，對於國內鋼鐵產業造成不小的衝擊，造成以產能為導向的經營方式，改變為降低成本與在目標市場上取得競爭優勢，除了取得低價且穩定來源的原物料之外，仍有許許多多的因素影響著企業的營運。 本研究的目的是在探討台灣鋼鐵產業中組織文化、產業環境與技術對組織營運績效的影響，透過結構方程模式，檢視整體研究架構，探討個構面之間和各構面與組織績效的關聯性，提供處在知識經濟時代的企業，如何有效運用本研究架構，有助於提升組織營運績效的表現。 本研究之主要實證結果為: 1.受訪公司的屬性以鋼品製造加工較多，佔66.2%，符合以台灣加工出口為主的產業環境。 2.在差異分析部分，其中以個人資料中年齡的部分與產業環境間存在顯著差異，藉由統計方法檢測之後，可得知年齡落在41-50歲的受訪者比21-30歲的受訪者較能體會到台灣鋼鐵產業環境的變動。 3.效果分析中可以發現，影響企業經營績效的因素總效果大小，依序為技術(0.220)、產業環境(0.034)、組織文化(0.00879) ，可以得知技術構面對於企業營運績效有正面的影響且有顯著的關聯性。

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has become a critical strategic approach for organizations striving to achieve long-term sustainability. As environmental concerns intensify globally, the integration of green practices such as eco-design, green procurement, cleaner production, and reverse logistics into supply chains has gained academic and industrial attention. This paper examines the role of GSCM strategies in enhancing business sustainability by exploring their impact on environmental performance, operational efficiency, cost management, and competitive advantage. It also focusses on motivations and phases to adopt GSCM. Drawing upon existing literature and a structured SWOT analysis, this study evaluates the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting green supply chain strategies. The findings highlight the importance of leadership commitment, stakeholder collaboration, and technological innovation for successful GSCM implementation. The recommendations emphasize policy support, investment in green technologies, supplier partnerships, and employee capacity building.

Green procurement is seen both as a public strategy to promote sustainable products and as a business strategy to improve environmental performance of the supply chain and thus meet demands for more environmentally friendly products, including from public institutions. Green Public Procurement (GPP) is a part of the national strategy for sustainable development in Norway, and it has become a national policy through legislation and various initiatives from the government. In addition to the implemented Acts, several other public initiatives are introduced, among other guidelines and action plans about how to integrate environmental and social responsibility in public procurement. The government has also presented a number of white papers relevant for green public purchasing. The documents stress the focus on environmental and ethical issues in public procurements. This paper gives an overview and the results from different surveys of how it is practiced on different levels. It further gives a short overview of how to meet the requirements by the use of environmental management systems and environmental product declarations. The paper ends with a suggestion for further research on how to approach GPP in a holistic and systematic way, addressing the often used statement that green procurement will be more costly.

The horrors of Taiwan’s 921 Earthquake and 88 Flood undoubtedly demonstrated the power of nature, allowing us to observe the tensions between the natural environment and civilization and to understand the various imbalances in the interactive relationship between the sky, the land, and the human race encountered during urban developments. Today, the “city” has adoptedthe important role of an arena that corresponds to the governance of the environment. This contains two meanings. One is as a source of strength for the increasing collective consciousness of society; the other is as a practice field for changing the spatial environment. Previously, urban planning was established based on the “economy,”adopted actions from “space,” and determined the problems of the “environment” and “society.” However, we are currently facing a counterattack from the forces of nature, which include climate change. Thus, we must even more urgently consider the relationship between humanity and nature. Therefore, sustainable development in city planning must adjust the relationshipsamong the natural ecology, economic development, and humanistic society to facilitate a rich and diverse ecological environment, a flourishing economic environment, and a safe and peaceful life environment.Thus, an urban environment that is suitable for inhabitance can be created. This study employs three cases as subjects, using “green” and “places” as the main axes of the design mode of operation, creating feasible strategies for the ecology of “green” and “places,” and facilitating low-carbon and creative urban developments. This study realizes sustainable building concepts and practices at different levels in anticipation that the regional physical environment can satisfy users’ demands and create a safe, healthy life environment, providing another feasible reference for building strategies in the “green” and “places” of Taiwan’s urban and rural landscape. The primary research method used in this study is a review of relevant literature on sustainable urban development. This literature review is also performed to understand the concepts, meanings, and principles of “sustainability” and “sustainable cities” and the models and characteristics of sustainable urban development to provide a theoretical foundation for sustainability strategies. In addition, we analyze the conditions and structures of sustainable urban development and the bases of sustainable development models for urban space. Sustainable environmental construction, the reuse of cultural assets, and the application of green technology are applied as operating directions. Case operations of design in actual regions are used to provide rural and urban planning concepts, development principles, and building strategies under the concepts of sustainable development.

Purpose Industrialization has contributed to global environmental problems, especially in developed countries, but increasingly so in developing ones as well. Leveraging on the natural resource-based view theory, this study aims to examine the mediating role of environmental consciousness (EC) on the relationship between green intellectual capital (IC) and environmental performance among manufacturing firms in Ghana against a backdrop of increasing national drive towards greater industrialization. Design/methodology/approach This study used a cross-sectional survey design to obtain data from 245 manufacturing firms using purposive sampling technique. Structural equation modelling was used to test for the hypothesized relationships among variables. Findings Evidence suggests that green IC has a significantly positive effect on environmental performance. Furthermore, it was found that green IC has a positive and significant effect on EC, but EC only mediated the relationship between green IC and environmental performance. Practical implications Manufacturing firms within emerging economies like Ghana can improve on their green practices by incorporating these findings in their business models, while research could be guided to focus their inquiries on this and related genre of scholarly work. Originality/value This study is an early-stage study to identify EC as a variable which mediates the relationship between green IC and environmental performance among manufacturing firms in an emerging economy like Ghana.

Several ports worldwide have been implementing green port initiatives such as switching to shore power or renewable energy to replace fossil fuel usage, control vessel speed reduction in order to meet Emissions Reduction Standard target. As for Malaysia, the Johor Port Association (JPA) has launched a Green Port Policy (2014-2020) that serves as a guide for decision making and establishing a framework for environmentally friendly port development and operation. However, this policy is lacking of empirical analysis to illustrate port’s environmental sustainability performance. Due to this limitation, weak performing indicator is also difficult to identify for improvement of the port performance. This study discusses a comprehensive and systematic green port framework to evaluate an environmental performance that would be able to highlight the potential improvement for the port.

In order to expand on the scope of research on partnership governance, this study explored the impact of relationship trust, stakeholder environmental awareness, and regenerative innovation on environmental performance. The study participants were primarily employees of legitimate public waste disposal and treatment facilities in the six special municipalities of Taiwan (including domestic and overseas facilities). The investigation was conducted via a questionnaire survey. A total of 1000 questionnaires were distributed and 550 were recovered, of which 539 were valid, indicating an effective recovery rate of 53.9%. Data analysis was conducted by structural equation modeling. The empirical results showed that relationship trust had a significant and positive impact on stakeholders’ environmental awareness, which, in turn, had a significant and positive impact on regenerative innovation. Relationship trust had no direct and significant impact on regenerative innovation. Hence, the impact of relationship trust on regenerative innovation is mediated by stakeholders’ environmental awareness. The results also showed that regenerative innovation had a significant and positive impact on environmental management performance, and no significant impact on environmental operational performance. Hence, the impact of regenerative innovation on environmental management performance is not mediated by environmental operational performance.

Two significant trends are shaping the environmental agenda: Green procurement - more and more businesses, governments and even consumers are seeking ecoproducts; and, new product related guidelines, directives and regulations have already been developed. How should business respond? There are tools and approaches available. This book, ECODESIGN – the competitive advantage, was written specifically to provide guidance and will help managers of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as others interested in the management of business, in a range of ways, including: how to best deal with the European Union’s new Ecodesign directives; how to understand the concepts behind (and the process of calculating) the carbon footprint of products; how to prepare for future challenges related to, for example, climate change, resource depletion and shortages, increasing restrictions on the use of toxic substances, and energy management; and how to best position products which have been environmentally improved in a competitive marketplace. In order to deal with the myriad of challenges, the authors have included simple, but detailed checklists that can be used to evaluate a company’s operations and serve as a guide to finding solutions. These have been structured around the corporate, management, product and production levels typically found in any enterprise. Environmental expenditures should not be viewed as costs, but rather investments – with the expectation that prudent investment will yield competitive advantage.

This study aimed to determine the effect of environmental performance on environmental disclosure andeconomic performance, and also the effect of environmental disclosure on economic performance. The data wastaken from the annual report of 2009-2011companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange and participatingin PROPER. This study used multiple regressions. Environmental performance results showed there wasa significant positive effect on environmental disclosure, environmental disclosure and there was a significantpositive effect on economic performance, and the environmental performance did not significantly affect theeconomic performance. Environmental performance had indirect influence on economic performance.

Green construction procurement is a part of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) that influence economic growth on a strategic level. Adopting green technologies and practices has no longer been an option but a well-worth route for gaining a competitive advantage in the construction sector. The emergent concepts of green procurement and sustainability have raised the need to measure the financial performances in supply chain practices. Green procurement is now gaining importance in the construction industry and supply chain practices for a safer tomorrow. The study aimed to investigate the impact of construction procurement on green logistic services, innovation practices, and their subsequent role in gaining sustainable economic development goals. The population frame for this study was the project teams (engineers and project managers) of construction companies in China. The sampling design followed was convenient random sampling. The study was conducted using self-administered questionnaire surveys to avoid any respondent biases and/or errors. The study's findings show that construction procurement is partially associated with green logistic services management, which thoroughly determines the sustainable economic development goals. Furthermore, construction procurement is found to have a significant impact on green innovation practices that partially predict the SDGs, and the mediation of green logistic services and innovation practices are partially mediated to the construction procurement and sustainable goals. In the future, the study results will help the construction practitioners, contractors, bidders, and engineering community to shape their relationships in a greener way up or down the stream of their supply chains. Additionally, the implication of green procurement and logistic services offers many challenges in the long run for attaining SDGs; however, in the short run, it gives operational efficiency and less hazardous environmental emissions.

The Impact Of Green Supply Chain Management Practices On Competitive Advantage: Applied Study On Industrial Companies In Jordan. The study aims to show the impact of green supply chain management practices and their impact on achieving competitive advantage in industrial organizations in Jordan. Descriptive and analytical approach was applied. The study sample of (200) employees in the supervision level(top management) in industrial organizations in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data that included the green supply chain management measure and the measure of competitive advantage, and verified indicators of its validity and reliability. The results of the study showed that the practices of green supply chain management in industrial organizations in Jordan came with a medium degree for all domains (green procurement, green manufacturing, green marketing) and the scale as a whole, and the competitive advantage in industrial organizations in Jordan came with a high degree for the scale as a whole and for the dimensions (creativity, quality, and Flexibility), while it was rated medium for the two dimensions (cost, and reputation). The results indicated that there is a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (α≤0.05) between green supply chain management prctices and all dimensions of competitive advantage (cost, quality, creativity, reputation, flexibility) and competitive advantage as a whole in industrial organizations. Keywords: Green supply chain management practices, competitive advantage, industrial organizations, Jordan.