生活壓力、不良功能態度對青少女憂鬱情緒的影響：以台中縣某公立高職女生為例

The number of students interested in attending Vocational High School (VHS) has increased year by year. However, the quality of graduates is at low level and the unemployment rate of VHS graduates accounts for largest proportion among other levels. According to some previous research, there have been the unemployment of the Business Management Vocational High School graduates. This study aims to: (1) explore information related to the partnership management model currently in Vocational Schools; and (2) creating a partnership management model expected by the industry and work sector. The research method used was an instrumental case study. The object of this research was Methodist Vocational School and Nur Azizi Vocational School, and the industry and work sector. Informants from the school are the principal, vice principal of curriculum, vice principal of student affairs, vice principal of infrastructure and facilities, vice principal of partnership relations, head of expertise program, head of principal, supervising teachers, and teachers of productive subjects. The subject of research in the industry and work sector was the field work practice instructor. Data collection techniques using interviews, documentation, and observation. The data analysis technique used was ATLAS.ti 9 software. The data validation was carried out by triangulation through Chief Section of Vocational School and the other related Vocational Schools. The results of the study indicated that (1) the partnership management model currently in Vocational Schools was still limited to planning, implementing, and evaluating students; and (2) the management model desired by the industry and work sector included guidelines for partnership, education and training standards, student guidance systems, skills testing standards, and student competency assessment standards. Keywords: Partnership Management, Mutual Benefit, Vocational High School

Previous English for Specific Purposes (ESP) studies have focused on examining relevant ELT learning materials within universities, with less attention given to vocational senior high schools. This study examined the relevance of ESP materials in an Indonesian vocational high school of pharmacy, as perceived by students. This narrative research in Central Java involved 30 twelfth-grade participants who shared their perspectives on genres, learning activities, and assessment through narrative frames and follow-up interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that many students found the ESP learning materials irrelevant to their specific needs within the pharmacy field. Discussions highlighted the students' desire for enhanced communicative competence to serve patients better, explain medicine usage, and comprehend medical prescriptions. The study suggests implementing communicative language teaching techniques to improve students' communicative competence and use of specialized vocabulary. Despite challenges with pronunciation and grammar, students demonstrated overall comprehension of the materials. In sum, this study offers valuable insights for curriculum designers and teachers in vocational senior high schools seeking to create more effective ESP learning materials.

The policy of strengthening access at the vocational high school level necessitates the government's readiness to implement educational innovations that align with market demands, ensuring that graduates possess competencies compatible with the needs of the labor market. This study aims to describe the management of enhancing the competencies of educated personnel in vocational high schools in Bima City. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive inductive analysis. The findings reveal that: (1) the graduation rate among students at the four state vocational high schools in Bima City, which served as the research subjects, is notably high, standing at 99.6%, with only 0.4% of students failing to graduate. This elevated graduation rate reflects the students' competency in absorbing knowledge and skills within the school environment. Meanwhile, the absorption rate of graduates into the job market is at 61.54%; (2) the supportive factors for enhancing the competencies of educated personnel include the availability of educational facilities and infrastructure, adequate qualifications of educators, and government support; (3) the program aimed at enhancing the competencies of educated personnel in vocational schools in Bima City encompasses both a departmental skills enhancement program and a partnership program; (4) challenges in improving the competencies of educated personnel at vocational schools in Bima include limited access to training and professional development opportunities, characterized by a notable lack of entrepreneurship training. Furthermore, the school's policies have not yet optimally supported the ongoing development of teachers' competencies, evaluation of practical work has not been maximally conducted collaboratively between schools and industry partners (DUDIKA), and some vocational schools still lack the necessary facilities and infrastructure to meet standards conducive to skill competency and support the development of students' talents and interests. In conclusion, the research indicates that while the percentage of vocational school graduates is exceedingly high, it is along with a sufficiently adequate absorption rate in the job market. This graduation and absorption level synergizes with the support and programs developed by education stakeholders (school community, government, and DUDIKA), despite the presence of unresolved challenges.

This study aims to determine the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in public and private vocational high schools in the city of Yogyakarta, as well as to compare the level of implementation between public and private vocational high schools. The TQM aspects observed include infrastructures and facilities, quality of improvement, quality of teachers, quality of examination system and academic background of teachers graduated from vocational high schools. This exploratory study is descriptive in which the result can be used as an input as well as improvements in reflection of the future. These subjects were teachers and students. The primary data were collected through a questionnaire while other data were collected through observation and interviews. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive and statistics t-test. The analysis finds that TQM has been implemented by vocational schools, public and private, in the city of Yogyakarta. The Application levels differed significantly (t-value = 9.204, p-value = 0.0001), where the public schools are able to implement at a very good level, while private schools are at a good level. The differences in the application of TQM occur in all measurable aspects, namely infrastructures and facilities access, quality of improvement, quality of teachers, quality of examination system and academic background of teachers graduated from vocational high schools. Specifically, on aspects of infrastructures and facilities of the access, although on average they significantly differ, categorically they are in the same level. The differences are not too large. The result of observation in the field during the study shows that the state vocational already maximally implement TQM, while in the private vocational schools, it is lower due to the limited resources in private schools.

This research aimed to describe and analyze: 1) the effect of principal’s managerial ability toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City, 2) the effect of learning facilities toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City, and 3) the effect of principal’s managerial ability, and learning facilities simultaneously toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City. Survey method was implemented with qualitative approach. Population unit were 97 teacher of tourism major at Vocational High School in Manado City. Research sample were 49 teachers which randomly selected from 97. Questionnaire with Likert scale was the technique used to collect the data. Testing the hypothesis using simple and multiple correlation analysis. The result of data analysis showed that: 1) there was effect of principal’s managerial ability toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City, 22,7%. 2) there was effect of learning facilities toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City, 51,6%. and 3) there was effect principal’s managerial ability, and learning facilities simultaneously toward teacher tourism performance at vocational high school in Manado City, 51,6%. Based on these conclusion, it could be recommended that: 1) Principal's managerial competencies to be improved so that a professional school managerial system can be formed, 2) the availability of learning facilities is more adequate, so that it raises efficiency in the learning process, 3) The regional education department is expected to be able to synergize with the school in an effort to improve the principal managerial competencies, such as in terms of education and training, improvement of academic qualifications, and assistance with learning facilities. Keywords : Teacher Performance, Managerial Abilities, Learning Facilities, , DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-11-07 Publication date : April 30 th 2019

This research is expected to provide theoretical benefits of enriching the repertoire of scientific development, through the study of transformational leadership, providing incentives, professional development and work discipline in order to improve teacher performance, the practical benefits expected from the results of this research are as input for the Principal of SMK Ma 'arif at the Ma'arif NU Educational Institution Foundation in Surabaya. This research method is quantitative with the population in this study is all people who become teachers of SMK Ma'arif in Surabaya as many as 163 teachers. significant effect on work discipline Ma'arif Vocational High School in Surabaya, incentives have a positive and significant effect on work discipline Ma'arif Vocational School in Surabaya, Teacher professional development has a positive and significant impact on work discipline Ma'arif Vocational School in Surabaya, Principal transformational leadership has an effect positive and significant impact on teacher performance at Ma'arif Vocational High School in Surabaya, Provision of incentives has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance at Ma'arif Vocational High School in Surabaya, Professional development of teachers has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance at Ma'arif Vocational School in Surabaya, Work discipline has a positive effect and significant to the performance of teachers of SMK Ma'arif in Surabaya.
 Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Providing Incentives, Professional Development, Work Discipline, Teacher Performance at SMK Ma'arif

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of teachers' self-evaluations of their teaching effectiveness with those of their students' ratings in industrial programs of a vocational senior high school in Taiwan. A self-developed questionnaire was administered to 820 teachers and 700 students in January, 2009, with returned responses from 548 teachers and 658 students. Specifically, the teaching effectiveness questionnaire with a total of 29 items has two editions: teacher edition and student edition. Both versions consist of six subscales, with each measuring one of the six factors including teaching self-efficacy, systematic presentation of instructional materials, effective instructional techniques, good teacher-student relationship, good classroom climate, and multiple teaching evaluations. For the teacher edition, the internal consistency a coefficients for the six subscales ranged from .744 to .825, with the overall a coefficient being .941. As for the student version, the internal consistency a coefficients ranged from .763 to .874, with 0.947 for the overall a coefficient. The data were analyzed with t-test, one-way ANOVA and one-way MANOVA. The exploratory factor analysis showed that cumulative variance was 62.92% for the teacher edition and 64.55 for the student edition. In addition, the overall performance of teachers' teaching effectiveness generally was satisfactory. There were significant differences in evaluation of teaching effectiveness among the teachers and their students with different background variables. Finally, for both the whole scale and the six subscales, the students' ratings on their teachers' teaching effectiveness, on average, were significantly higher than their teachers' self-evaluations of their own teaching. Based on the findings of the present study, some conclusions and recommendations were provided for administrative agencies, school authorities, school teachers, school students, and future studies.

Adolescents are at high-risk for adverse health outcomes associated with high-risk behavior. The present study aimed to test the high-risk behavior model among the students based on religious orientation with the mediation of fear of death. This descriptive correlational study utilized structural equation modeling. The statistical population comprised all senior high school female students in Mashhad. 200 students were selected using cluster random sampling method. Data collection tools included the Iranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale, Templer Death Anxiety Scale, and Allport and Ross Religious Orientation Scale. The result of a structural equation model suggested that the relationship between religious orientation and high-risk behavior was mediated through fear of death. Furthermore intrinsic religiosity has a negative direct relation with fear of death and high-risk behavior, and extrinsic religious orientation have a positive direct relation with fear of death and high-risk behavior. On this basis, it was concluded that religious orientation influences high-risk behavior indirectly through fear of death.

There is a great effort in curriculum reforms in Ghana to create opportunities to close the gender gap in mathematics achievement for Senior High School (SHS) students. However, it remains unclear how female students are ready to bridge this gap in other to take-up mathematics related programs at the tertiary level. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between senior high school female students’ attitude and their mathematics achievement. The study was grounded in a pragmatic paradigm, using a sequential explanatory mixed-method design with questionnaires and interview guide as the research instruments to collect data from the respondents. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 331 female students. The findings showed that, self-confidence, <i>r =.13, n = 331 and P < 0.05 (.016 <.05)</i>, enjoyment of mathematics, <i>r =.22, n = 331 and P < 0.01 (.000 <.01),</i> and value of mathematics <i>r =.11, n = 331 and P < 0.05 (.04 <.05)</i> had a positive and significant relationship with mathematics achievement whiles motivation <i>r =.07, n = 331 and P > 0.05 (.20 >.05)</i> have no relationship with mathematics achievement. The implication of the study to teaching and learning is that teachers should use instructional strategies that would meet the needs of all female students. Teachers must also take into account students' learning differences and assist them with the counselling they need to increase the students’ motivation towards mathematics.

Vocational High Schools have an important role in improving the quality of human resources to meet industrial needs. However, the current education system in Vocational Schools especially in Purwakarta, Subang, Karawang, Bekasi (PURWASUKASI) still has disadvantages compared to other countries. The government through the ministry of industry has started vocational education for Vocational Schools in Indonesia. Vocational education conducted to support the creation of qualified human resources that can meet the industrial needs related to labor. The implementation of information technology in the field of education is one of the ways to improve the quality of education, including education in vocational schools. E-learning implementation aims to improve the quality of education. E-learning is often used in the application of adaptive learning in the field of education. In this study, an e-learning system model has been created that has been developed to support industrial based adaptive learning for Vocational High Schools in PURWASUKASI. The system that has been developed has been tested from the functional side of the system and shows that the developed e-learning system is ready to use.

Low mathematical representation skill causes the inability of vocational students solving problems creatively as demanded by industries. Researches showed that blended problem-based learning (BL-PBL) combining online and offline learning to train students to independently solve problems was proven to increase mathematical skills in education levels other than vocational school. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate BL-PBL effect to mathematical representation skill escalation in vocational high school. Quantitative study with pre-test and post-test control group design was performed to two randomly-chosen classes over vocational schools in Kabupaten Bandung Barat, West Java, Indonesia. Samples were divided into two groups: experimental (BL-PBL method) and control (lecture method). Initial skill was determined by pre-test while learning outcome was determined using post-test. Data was analysed by t-test and two-way ANOVA with 0.05 significance level using IBM SPSS. Result showed the initial skill of two groups was similar. After treatment, N-gain data uncovered a significant increase of representative skill in experimental group. While, two-way ANOVA test showed no interaction between learning model used and student grouping based on initial skill to representation skill. Finally, BL-PBL was proven to increase mathematical representation skill in vocational students and, hence, is suggested to be implemented in vocational high school

This study aims at assessing the various educational materials used in teaching mechanical engineering drawing to students of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Semarang State University, and Vocational High School. Data were obtained from 71 university students, 75 public vocational high school 1 students and 37 students of Texmaco Semarang vocational high school using the questionnaire method. Furthermore, descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance tests were used to analyze data. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the materials used in teaching mechanical engineering students are in the “very necessary” category, while that of students of vocational high school is in the “necessary” category. The difference in assessment is evidenced from the results of a one-way analysis of variance test, which found differences in the results of the assessment among university students, students of State Vocational High School 1 and Texmaco Vocational High School Semarang.

This study aims to provide knowledge and references to researchers as a basis that will be used in further research. The method used is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which identifies, classifies, and categorizes certain topics related to research on students' mathematical problem solving abilities in Indonesia. The data used are 33 articles that have SINTA 1 and SINTA 2 accredited criteria, such as in the journals AKSIOMA and KREANO, which were taken within the last 3 years, namely 2019 to 2021. The data are grouped into 6 discussions, namely a list of journal names, year published articles, methods used, research subjects, teaching materials used, and research results. In most articles, the most widely used research method in qualitative research methods, and the research subject is 8th grade of junior high school. It was also found that 10th grade of senior high school, 11th grade of senior high school, and 10th grade of vocational high school were also research subjects. While the material in the research is mostly found about constructing flat side spaces.

In teaching English in vocational high schools, it is important to understand technical documents in English and use available technology to aid learning. However, various English teaching problems in vocational high schools in Indonesia still exist. Based on that background, this study will reveal teachers' and students' challenges in teaching English in vocational high schools. The researchers used a systematic literature review research design to gather the data accurately. However, the researchers selected the articles based on the exclusion and inclusion categories, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analysis methods. The findings stated that collaborative research was the most common approach in studying this topic, with ten studies conducted by multiple authors and only two conducted by individuals. The study also found that the case study method is the most commonly used for investigating the challenges of teaching English in vocational high schools, followed by descriptive qualitative research. Additionally, the analysis revealed a significant interest in the role of ICT in these challenges, as it is the third relevant word in the journals. In brief, 19 categories of challenges have been discovered from 12 articles. As the central part of the study, the results show that students’ motivation to learn English becomes the most apparent challenge faced by teachers in vocational high schools, followed by students’ language proficiency in the second position. Furthermore, the study found a close relationship between students' language proficiency and motivation, with highly motivated students achieving higher scores in English lessons. Other challenges identified in the survey include school facilities such as electricity, a language laboratory, an internet connection, and appropriate media or platforms to allow students to use English for communication and interaction.

Vocational High Schools are educational institution aiming to prepare the ready-to-employ graduates by prioritizing their skill and expertise according to their areas of expertise (Azri, Irwan, &amp; Nurul, 2020; Mukhlason, Winanti, &amp; Yundra, 2020). Vocational High School is expected to play an important role in holistic human development and community development Indonesia entirely and reduce the number of early school leaver (Slamet, 2016; Diwangkoro &amp; Soenarto, 2020; Farrugia &amp; Martina, 2021). While the growth of employment in the industrial sector is growing slowly, the graduates of Vocational High Schools are increasing but the rate of joblessness of the Vocational Highs Schools graduates has become a critical issue in Indonesia (Erlinawati, 2020; Wijaya &amp; Utami, 2021; Hanifah &amp; Suharyanto, 2021). As a result, these Vocational High Schools graduates are not accommodated in the industrial sector and they become job seekers or open unemployment (Dewi, 2017; Yunikawati, Prayitno, Purboyo, Istiqomah, &amp; Puspasari, 2018; Azman, Ambiyar, Simatupang, Karudin, &amp; Dakhi, 2020). The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) reported that in August 2021, the majority of unemployed people in Indonesia were dominated to 11.13% or 9.77 million by the graduates from Vocational High Schools (BPS, 2021). Most of the Vocational High Schools graduates intend to work immediately, but are not employed in the industry or business sector. This is due to the increase of Vocational High Schools graduates who are mismatched by job opportunities. Keywords: Dual Certification; Vocational High School; Employability