「光華商場」之空間、記憶與文化地景回顧

P144 A Comprehensive Community Partnership Model for Improving Nutrition Among SNAP-Eligible Families in Early Education Settings

Rates of recreational cannabis (ie, marijuana) use in the United States have increased in recent years as have rates of cannabis use disorder. The aim of this study was to assess theoretical correlates of intentions to initiate and sustain marijuana cessation among adult user-using domains of the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of health behavior change. A cross-sectional survey was administered to a sample of adult cannabis users (n = 227; mean age = 40.9 years; 48.5% female; 85.5% non-Hispanic white). We assessed intention to quit cannabis using MTM constructs of initiation (participatory dialogue, behavioral confidence, changes in physical environment) and sustenance (emotional transformation, practice for change, changes in social environment). The structure of the MTM scale was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to assess constructs of initiation and sustenance of cannabis use controlling for demographic characteristics and Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test score (<12 and >12). The MTM scale evidenced good reliability (Cronbach's alphas > .7) and good model fit. Results indicated that only the change in physical environment construct was significantly associated with the intention of initiating cannabis cessation (B = 0.27, P < .001) while practice for change (B = 0.27, P < .001) and changes in social environment (B = 0.19, P = .001) was positively associated with the intentions of sustaining cannabis cessation. Results indicate that changes to physical and social environment are key features of initiating and sustaining cannabis use cessation, which aligns with research on tobacco cessation. Future research should explore how these factors interact and investigate additional influences on long-term cessation success.

The Village of Stirling, Alberta, is the subject of a case study to developan approach to planning for cultural landscapes. The cultural landscape planning approach is an adaptation of character planning and has the following components: Melnick characteristics for inventorying cultural landscapes, an analysis of the cultural landscape natural, cultural, visual, and meaning categories to define geographic cultural landscape character areas, and an adaptation of Canada Federal Heritage Review Office heritage building character statement concept to the development of a cultural landscape character statement. The cultural landscape character statement serves as a reference point for planning and acts as a catalyst for developing planning concepts. Cultural landscape character planning provides a holistic perspective from which to provide planning strategies for the conservation and interpretation of Stirling cultural landscape.

Cultural landscapes are historical documents in the natural and built environment. They are memorable spaces imbued with the “spirit of place” despite the negative effects of modernization on them. The cultural landscapes of the Yoruba occupying the South-Western Nigeria can be perceived to be no less significant in this regard. In a time-series and at varying spatial scales, they represent the civilization periods of the Yoruba nation as a continuum. The study aims to understand and analyze the significance of these cultural landscapes as solidified time in space. Analysis of qualitative data reveals a time–space significance of the landscapes. The study concludes with recommendations on the strict enforcement of traditional conservation strategies like mythological approaches and legal frameworks that have been effectively used in the past toward the sustainability of the landscapes.

Recently inseminated female deer mice were exposed to changes in physical environment, including size of available space, newness of environment, and a stud or strange male in order to test the hypothesis that a strange male decreases the incidence of pregnancy in recently inseminated females (Bruce effect). The data confirm the Bruce effect but also indicate that changes in physical environment produced great effects on implantation in recently inseminated females.

BackgroundRecent changes in home physical environments, such as decreasing outdoor space and increasing electronic media, may negatively affect health by facilitating sedentariness and reducing physical activity. As children spend much of their time at home they are particularly vulnerable. This study qualitatively explored family perceptions of physical environmental influences on sedentary behaviour and physical activity within the home space.MethodsHome based interviews were conducted with 28 families with children aged 9–13 years (total n = 74 individuals), living in Perth, Australia. Families were stratified by socioeconomic status and selected to provide variation in housing. Qualitative methods included a family interview, observation and home tour where families guided the researcher through their home, enabling discussion while in the physical home space. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.ResultsEmergent themes related to children’s sedentariness and physical activity included overall size, space and design of the home; allocation of home space; equipment within the home space; perceived safety of the home space; and the changing nature of the home space. Families reported that children’s activity options were limited when houses and yards were small. In larger homes, multiple indoor living rooms usually housed additional sedentary entertainment options, although parents reported that open plan home layouts could facilitate monitoring of children’s electronic media use. Most families reported changing the allocation and contents of their home space in response to changing priorities and circumstances.ConclusionsThe physical home environment can enhance or limit opportunities for children’s sedentary behaviour and physical activity. However, the home space is a dynamic ecological setting that is amenable to change and is largely shaped by the family living within it, thus differentiating it from other settings. While size and space were considered important, how families prioritise the use of their home space and overcome the challenges posed by the physical environment may be of equal or greater importance in establishing supportive home environments. Further research is required to tease out how physical, social and individual factors interact within the family home space to influence children’s sedentary behaviour and physical activity at home.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-014-0157-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

This article discusses how power relation run in daily life and how they relate in governing public issue within multi-stakeholders’ context. The setting of this relations is in the governance of street vendors in Bandung City. Street vendors is usually perceived as problem for urban governance, not only for public convenience and order, but also as spatial or territorial contestation among various actors, namely street vendors, the City Government of Bandung, and the public. In this spatial contestation, there is a power relation that connects various interests and demonstrates the network pattern of actors in fighting for their interests. This article is purposed for mapping of street vendor’s power relation pattern. By mapping the pattern of power relation, it is expected that the handling of street vendors can be more substantive in addressing the source of the problem, and it does not just focus on the eviction on the surface. This research used qualitative method. Data collection technique contains participative observation, through interview with street vendors, city government officials, street vendors association, and focus group discussion. The research result found three patterns of power relation in governing street vendors. The first pattern, street vendors use the association of street vendors as the mediator in negotiating the problem they face. The second pattern, street vendors use the local community of street vendors as the mediator. The third pattern, street vendors use non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as the mediator.

This study aims to analyze the influence of price, vendor image, location, physical environment, and perceived nutritional value on repurchase decisions among consumers of street food vendors in Garut Regency. The increasing popularity of street food consumption highlights the importance of understanding the factors that influence consumer loyalty and repeat purchase behavior. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 150 respondents who are consumers of street food across various areas in Garut Regency. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) with the help of SmartPLS software. The results indicate that price, vendor image, physical environment, and perceived nutritional value have a positive and significant effect on repurchase decisions, while location does not show a significant influence. Among the five factors, vendor image and perceived nutritional value have the most dominant impact on consumers’ decisions to repurchase food from street vendors. These findings provide important implications for street food entrepreneurs to consider pricing strategies, improve business image, choose strategic locations, maintain the physical environment of their stalls, and provide clear information about the nutritional value of their products in order to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.

This article is based on a research aiming to study the street vendors’ social movement in the city of Bandar Lampung, particularly in Bambu Kuning market, by using the Marxist conflict perspective. The Bandar Lampung municipal policy to sweep the street vendors has caused them to resist. This research is qualitative, using observation technique, participative observation, in-depth interviews, and library research for data collecting. There are five important discoveries in the research; 1) street vendors movement, in Marxist conflict perspective, is a resistant act both openly and closely or latent. 2) Sweeps by Bandar Lampung municipality, which is based on public agreement on certain values such as bylaws Perda No 8 Tahun 2000 which aims at the street vendors, is a form of hegemony. 3) Movement by the street vendors, both openly and latently, which is perceived as a resistance in this research, is a counter hegemony. 4) Hegemony, resistance, negotiation, and compromise are indispensable things in a conflict between the ruling class and the subject class. 5) In Bambu Kuning market, there are people who control the street vendors as well as subordinated by the Bandar Lampung municipality. They are the market thugs usually called preman. Their position in the Bambu Kuning case is in “grey area” or not clear; representing none of both the street vendors and the municipality. Key words: social movement, street vendors, hegemony, resistance

Continually increasing demands on aquaculture products drive the current monoculture to upgrade and upscale because of not only economic but environmental sustainability reasons. Over the past decade, open water integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) practiced as a potential alternative has been demonstratively illustrated from both scientific and public attention. Basing on previous studies of this synergistic aquaculture system, we, here, studied the physical environment in Onagawa Bay as the cornerstone for further IMTA implementation. Onagawa Bay locates in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, and because of its mature practice on polyculture, it is recognized as a suitable site for IMTA. Unfortunately, the earthquake and tsunami in 2011 caused a huge uncertainty on physical environment changes. Still insufficient researches have been conducted on physical environment study, especially through modelling method. Here, adopting the three-dimensional Marine Environmental Committee (MEC) ocean model, we described the setup and validation for Onagawa Bay in this research. At the present stage, simulation results can best fit observation data on the tidal elevation with the correlation coefficient between observed and simulated tidal elevation reaching 0.96, captured the main characteristic of flow velocity, and exhibited homogenous tendency towards water temperature. Furthermore, through the plot of the residual velocity field and statistical seasonal velocity distribution, potential aquaculture configuration has been discussed spatio-temporally on the hypothesis that high current speeds contribute to the further implementation.

Changes in social environment induce higher emotional disturbances than changes in physical environment in quail

The existing research literature on environmental perception is a body of work mainly based on the use of static representation of environments. However, the real world is usually experienced in a dynamic experience. Virtual environments’ technologies offer the potential to produce simulated environments that create the impression that we are in spaces other than those we actually occupy. A review of literature on environmental perception revealed two components of perception: “space-based” and “object-based” perception. An experiment was conducted to investigate visual perception obtained from a direct experience of an urban landscape and from its representations in desktop virtual environments (desktop VEs). The issues investigated were: accuracy of space-based and object-based visual perception obtained from the physical environment and from desktop virtual environment. A series of tests were administered to assess the visual perception of participants who explored the urban environment following a direct experience, and X3D-VRML models. The results indicated that participants who experienced the X3D-VRML models conducted fewer errors in space-based perception tests. There was evidence that participants in X3D-VRML perceived more objects than their counterparts in the physical environment. Similarities and differences between the physical and virtual environments were discussed suggesting the potential and limitations of desktop VEs in environmental representation. An agenda for future research work is suggested.

BackgroundDuring the 2020 UK COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, children spent almost all of their time at home, which had a significant influence on their physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour. This study aimed to: 1) determine changes to the social and physical environment at home and children’s home-based sitting, PA, standing and sitting breaks as a result of the COVID-19 restrictions; and 2) examine associations between changes at home and children’s movement behaviours.MethodsOne hundred and two children had their PA and sitting, standing and sitting breaks at home objectively measured pre-COVID-19 and during the first COVID-19 lockdown (June-July 2020). Children’s parents (n = 101) completed an audit of their home physical environment and a survey on the home social environment at both time points. Changes in the home physical and social environment and behavioural outcomes were assessed using Wilcoxon signed ranked tests, paired t-tests, or chi-square. Repeated linear regression analyses examined associations between changes in homes and changes in the home-based behavioural outcomes.ResultsDuring COVID-19, households increased the amount of seated furniture and electronic media equipment at home. The number of books and PA equipment decreased and fewer parents enforced a screen-time rule. Children’s preference for physical activities and socialising at home decreased. Time at home and sitting at home increased during COVID-19, whilst PA, standing and sitting breaks decreased. Both MVPA and TPA were positively associated with child preference for PA, and negatively associated with attending school. Sitting was negatively associated with child preference for PA and child preference for socialising at home. Media equipment was negatively associated with sitting breaks, whilst PA equipment was positively associated with standing. ConclusionThe COVID-19 restrictions forced children to spend almost all their time at home. Children’s PA, standing, and sitting breaks at home declined during the restrictions, while sitting increased. Mostly negative changes occurred in homes, some of which impacted children’s behaviours at home. To avoid the changes persisting post-lockdown, interventions are needed to reset and promote children’s PA and discourage prolonged sitting time.

Obesity has been characterized as a disease. Strategies to change the incidence and prevalence of this disease include a focus on changing physical and social environments, over and above individual-level strategies, using a multilevel or systems approach. We focus our attention on evidence published between 2008 and 2013 on the effectiveness of interventions in nutrition environments, i.e., environmental interventions designed to influence the intake of healthful foods and amount of energy consumed. An overarching socioecological framework that has guided much of this research was used to characterize different types of environmental strategies. Intervention examples in each area of the framework are provided with a discussion of key findings and related conceptual and methodological issues. The emphasis in this review is on adults, but clearly this literature is only one part of the picture. Much research has been focused on child-specific interventions, including environmental interventions. Some evidence suggests effectiveness of policy-based or other types of interventions that aim to regulate or restructure environments to promote healthy dietary choices, and these strategies would apply to both children and adults. Opportunities to evaluate these policy changes in adults' social and physical environments are rare. Much of the existing research has been with children. As conceptual and methodological issues continue to be identified and resolved, we hope that future research in this domain will identify environmental strategies that can be included in intervention toolboxes to build healthy nutrition environments for both adults and children.

OSGi-based services architecture for Cyber-Physical Home Control Systems