旋盤のレトロフィットＮＣ化に関する一考察 普通旋盤のＮＣ化と対話式プログラミングシステムの付与について

Since 1982 the Japanese machine tool industry has been the largest supplier of metal-cutting machine tools in the world. In 1995 it accounted for about 28% of world production in metal-cutting machine tools, and about 31% of machine tool exports world-wide, making it the largest exporter for that year. Numerically controlled (hereafter NC) lathes accounted for approximately 25% of the total production value of Japanese machine tools in 1995, and machining centers (hereafter MCs) for around 26%, together comprising over half of total production. NC lathes and MCs are the two major products of the Japanese machine tool industry.

A microcomputer application in the manufacturing laboratory

The functionality of compound multiaxis machine tools is becoming increasingly versatile as NC lathes evolve. A single compound multiaxis machine tool functions as a 2-axis NC lathe and as a 5 axis machining center. The compound multiaxis machine tool executes machining such as inclined surface and gear cutting, conventionally executed by dedicated machines with special jigs and fixtures. A survey has shown that most machining executed by conventional compound multiaxis machine tools consists of basic drilling and milling on the orthogonal plane, indicating that compound multiaxis machine tools specifications should be designed to meet these requirements. To improve competitiveness and return investment over conventional NC lathes and machining centers, productivity required for a compound multiaxis machine tool is derived based on the machining time of typical parts on conventional machines. Here, we address systematic analysis and methodology to determine compound multiaxis machine tool specifications from the viewpoints of quality and cost.

The paper describes a new approach to model building GRIPS (Graphic Interactive Programming System). GRIPS is a software package enabling the model builder to quickly develop a running program of his simulation model by simply putting his flow chart on the computer and let GRIPS do the rest. The block diagram of a model is sketched on a video screen using a lightpen. The program then interactively requests all necessary information such as model parameters and initial conditions to carry out a simulation run. The set of equations necessary and sufficient to describe the behavior of the dynamic model is generated internally from the available input information. After the model response is computed the user may choose among several formats for output of the results. Graphical representation as well as numerical results can be output on the screen or teletype. Structural and parametric changes of the model are easily accomplished and the effect of these changes can be observed almost immediately.KeywordsBlock DiagramEpidemic ModelVideo ScreenMini ComputerStructural InterconnectionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

An interactive programming system for the IBM 7545 robot

Internet tools supporting creation and management of technological environment of CAD/CAM systems

A virtual-physical collision detection interface for AR-based interactive teaching of robot

Design and implementation experience with an Interactive Programming System are described. Reflections are made on various design decisions and on the effect of using a Tree Factored Interpreter as the core of the system.

A algorithm is described for creating a computer program from a trace of an example calculation which may omit certain indexing operations. The technique is designed to be used in an interactive programming system that allows a user to work example computations at a display console in scratchpad fashion and that automatically synthesizes a program which can do the computations. A number of programs are given that the algorithm was used to synthesize. Finally, it is shown that this approach yields a technique for synthesizing certain computer programs from input-output information only.

In industrial applications the ACC controls which have reached the widest diffusion, are constant cutting power adaptive controls: in fact they are enough simple and reliable and allow the user to obtain economic advantages as machining time reduction and uniform utilization of machine tool power. This paper describes a particular strategy, studied for a copying lathe but useful for a NC lathe too, which controls both rough and fine machining of a workpiece keeping the cutting power at a constant value. The studied and tested software obtaines the constant cutting power by a constant cutting speed, whose value is optimized by means of cutting data present in a data bank in a minicomputer, and by a constant cutting force whose value is chosen upon the basis of desired cutting power and specific cutting force of workpiece material, computed during the first seconds of cutting. An automatic loop gain control strategy is used in controlling the cutting force in order to prevent oscillatory phenomena caused by variations of cutting depth and workpiece hardness. Fine machining is also controlled at constant cutting power: such a strategy allows to obtain a constant roughness, below a desired value, on every workpiece surface.

Chapter Ten - Setting up NC machine tools

In terms of the realization for high accurate and effective machining of complicated shape having under cut shape and free formed surface, five axis controlled machine tools become indispensable because they have any tool position and attitude to avoid the collision between machine tool elements and work piece. These five axis machine tools have a technical problem as machining accuracy which is inferior to that of three axis NC machine tools.In order to estimate the motion accuracy of NC machine tools, various kinds of certificate methods like circular cone cutting test prescribed with NAS and DBB method using the circular motion have been developed and standardized. These methods are mainly used for the motion testing of three axis NC machine tools and therefore new method and measuring equipment for five axis NC machine tools are needed.This study aims at developing the motion accuracy measurement system which can measure various kinds of motions like linier motion, circular motion and continuous curved motion under simultaneous five axis controlling and establishing the compensate method of tool motion. Measuring results using the developed system and ISO230-4 standard and newly arranged tool motion to machine the reverse circular cone and rhombic shape described in this paper shows that the developed system has sufficient practicality and reliability.

XPLG—Experiences in implementing an experimental interactive graphics programming system

Reconfigurable manufacture system is to list as one of key technologies which will first solve in the future manufacturing, this article will mainly solve research on theory of reconfigurable for NC machine tool. Reconfigurable machine tool has many merits that include modularization, integration, custom-made, convertibility and so on. That is the traditional machine tool cannot compare.This article has carried on the analysis from the deep hole components classification and the formed movement craft two aspects to the deep hole components race. The reconfigurable deep hole machine tool was to carry on the modular design based two aspects for the module partition and reconstructable analyze, solved the key technologies the machine tool modulation design. From the machine tool bed module, the head of machine tool module, the cutting tool auxiliary system and the numerical control system four aspects, to design and research on reconfigurable machine tool, solved the difficult design problem which the part reconfigurable designed. Finally uses the ultrasonic wave examination technology, has realized numerical control machine tool element level restructuring. (5 pages)

The measuring method for thermal effects in NC machine tools was drawn-up as ISO 230-3 in 2001. After that, this international standard was introduced as JIS B 6193 in 2003. In connection with this, the measurement of thermal effects becomes achievable also not only in a machine tool builder but in a user side. Therefore, in this research, practical measurement and evaluation of thermal behavior in CNC lathe are performed from a user's viewpoint. Primarily in the experimental measurement, the spindle speed required for turning of the workpiece for a trial-production was given as a load pattern. Then the thermal displacement between cutting tool and workpiece was measured based on the above-mentioned standard and the evaluation result was reported. Secondarily, the consideration was done for the modification of the turning process of the most influential thermal effect. The thermal behavior by applying the modified load pattern was re-measured successively, and comparative evaluation was carried out. As a result, it was verified that an extensive reduction of the thermal effects was possible in the sensitive direction to the accuracy.