日本レーザー歯学会第1回教育研修会報告

Last year, the committee of the Clinical Training Program in the Japanese Society for Laser Dentistry held the first educational seminar for safety management in clinical laser dentistry at the 20th Annual Meeting of Japanese Society of Laser Dentistry.The purpose of this questionnaire study was to investigate the current status of dental laser applications as well as safety management in clinics. The data was taken from 54 people including 39 dentists, 9 dental hygienists, and 14 other professional who attended the seminar.The participants of the seminar showed high satisfaction in the contents of the seminar and expressed that they would like to participate in future seminars. Sixty-nine percent of the dentists frequently used lasers in their clinic, and 64% checked the lasers before usage and 85% used lasers approved by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.The types of lasers used were the CO2 (27%), Er:YAG (Er,Cr:YSSG) (24%), Diode (21%), Nd:YAG (19%), and the low-level laser (9%).The laser was applied to treat stomatitis, soft tissue disease, hypersensitivity, periodontal pocket, dental caries and others.These results suggested a need to hold this kind of seminar periodically.

Drug misuse in India: Where do we stand & where to go from here?

WPSAR Vol 2, No 4, 2011 | doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2011.2.4.008 www.wpro.who.int/wpsar 1 a Offi ce of Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response, Health Science Division, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan Submitted: 20 October 2011; Published: 23 December 2011 doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2011.2.4.008 Public health response to the combined Great East Japan Earthquake, tsunami and nuclear power plant accident: perspective from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

Congenital AnomaliesVolume 57, Issue 2 p. 44-44 Message from the JTSFree Access Proposal for supplemental intake of folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects First published: 07 March 2017 https://doi.org/10.1111/cga.12210Citations: 5AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL The Japanese Teratology Society releases the following message for reducing the birth of babies with neural tube defects (congenital defects in the brain and/or spinal cord). Women who are planning to get pregnant or those who may be pregnant are advised to reduce the risk of having a baby with such defects by taking 400 μg (0.4 mg) of supplementary folic acid per day from 4 weeks before impregnation through gestation week 12. We also suggest that women who are at a high risk, such as those having a neural tube defect patient within their family and those having delivered a baby with such defects previously, should take hospital consultation on folic acid intake because the risk of their next baby suffering from neural tube defects is relatively higher than usual. Neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly and encephalocele) arise at around gestation week 6 (4 weeks after fertilization) to obstruct the normal development of the brain and spinal cord. Most patients with spina bifida need to receive medical treatment including a surgical treatment soon after birth and treatments for hydrocephaly, walking difficulties and/or excretion disturbances, which may be followed by continuous rehabilitation through their whole life. Babies with anencephaly hardly survive after birth and those having encephalocele may suffer from neurological disorders even if the mass on the brain is removed surgically. Epidemiological studies have shown that maternal intake of folic acid, a kind of water soluble vitamins, decreases the risk of neural tube defects. According to a British epidemiological study (MRC Vitamin Research Group 1991), treatment of women of the high risk group, who have had a baby with neural tube defects previously, with 4 mg/day of folic acid successfully reduced the incidence of these anomalies in the next pregnancy: the preventive efficiency was estimated to be 72%. Another study in China (Berry et al. 1999) also demonstrated similar preventive effects of folic acid supplementation in primiparas (women bearing their first child) at daily doses of 0.4 mg. The Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW), the present Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW), announced in 2000 that women who are planning to get pregnant should take 0.4 mg/day of supplementary folic acid, in addition to well-balanced food containing 0.4 mg/day of folic acid (MHW 2000). Daily intake of folic acid at approximately 1 mg/day does not cause excess symptoms (MHLW 2014). However, the percentage of Japanese women who take folic acid supplement is only 10–20% (Kondo et al. 2013; Obara et al. 2016) and the incidence of neural tube defects in Japan has remained unreduced (International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Serveilance and Research 2014, MHW 2000). The Japanese Teratology Society aims to contribute to the health and welfare of Japanese people by making efforts to prevent the birth of babies with congenital anomalies. References MRC Vitamin Study Research Group. 1991. Prevention of neural tube defects: results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. Lancet 338: 131– 137. Berry RJ, Li Z, Erickson JD. 1999. Prevention of neural-tube defects with folic acid in China. China-U.S. Collaborative Project for Neural Tube Defect Prevention. N Engl J Med 341: 1485– 1490. International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Serveilance and Research (ICBDSR) (2014) ICBDSR Annual Report 2014 with data for 2012. http://www.icbdsr.org/filebank/documents/ar2005/Report2014.pdf Kondo A, Morota N, Ihara S. 2013. Risk factors for the occurrence of spina bifida (a case–control study) and the prevalence rate of spina bifida in Japan. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 97: 610– 615. Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW) in Japan (2000) 12-Jibo no. 72 (in Japanese). http://www1.mhlw.go.jp/houdou/1212/h1228-1_18.html Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) in Japan (2014) Dietary refference intakes for Japanese (in Japanese). https://www.icbdsr.org/filebank/documents/ar2005/Report2014.pdf Obara T, Nishigori H, Nishigori T. 2016. Prevalence and determinants of inadequate use of folic acid supplementation in Japanese pregnant women: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 26: 1– 6. Citing Literature Volume57, Issue2March 2017Pages 44-44 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 8(5) 069.-076, August 2017 DOI: http:/dx.doi.org/10.14303/jmms.2017.038 Available online http://www.interesjournals.org/JMM S Copyright © 2017 International Research Journals Full Length Research Paper Role of 810 nm and 980 nm diode laser in treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity: A literature review 1* Mohammed Abdelfattah 2 Ahmed samy 3 Mostafa Aboellil Via Zanardi, 40131 Bologna, Italy *Corresponding Author’s Email:m_foxa@hotmail.com Abstract Laser therapy was first introduced as a potential m ethod for treating dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) i n the mid-1980s Various types of laser used in treatm ent like low power lasers He-Ne (632.5 nm), diode lasers with various wavelengths 810, 940,980 nm and medium power lasers as Nd:YAG (1064nm), CO2 10600 Er:YAG (2940nm) and Er,Cr:YSGG (2780nm). He-N e (632.5 nm) and diode lasers have analgic effect. Objectives: To appraise the efficiency of d ifferent techniques by using diode lasers 810 and 9 80 nm alone or in a combination with different desensi tizing agents in management and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity Data:138 articles are inc luded then according to exclusion criteria, 46 arti cles are included, after specific exclusion criteria a nd evaluation of the articles, they become 35 artic les, from the 35 articles there were 5 systematic review articles 22 in vivo study and 8 in vitro study. Sources: A thorough search of Literature was perfor med through Pubmed databases. Words used in the search: diode lasers and hypersensitivity, diod e lasers in treatment dental hypersensitivity, dent inal hypersensitivity, and low power lasers. Conclusions : 810 and 980 diode lasers are effective in treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, diode lasers with dif ferent wavelengths alone or with desensitizing materials are efficient

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare clinically the efficacy of desensitizer toothpaste alone and in combination with the diode laser in the management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH), as well as both the immediate and late therapeutic effects on teeth with gingival recessions. In total, 52 teeth diagnosed with DH in 13 (seven women, six men, aged 16-48 years) healthy adult patients were included in this study, and teeth were randomly divided equally into two groups: the test group, which received treatment with desensitizer toothpaste and GaAlAs (diode) laser, and the control group, treated with desensitizer toothpaste. DH was assessed by means of an air stimulus, and a visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure DH. The selected teeth in the test group received laser therapy for three sessions. Teeth subjected to diode-laser treatment were irradiated at 100 mW for 25 sec at 808 nm, with continuous-emission, noncontact mode, perpendicular to the surface, with scanning movements on the region of exposed root surfaces. Significant reduction of DH occurred at all times measured during the three treatment sessions in the test group. When compared with the means of the responses in the three treatment sessions of the two groups, the test group showed a higher degree of desensitization in teeth with gingival recession than did the control group (p < 0.001). The immediate and late therapeutic effects of the diode laser were more evident compared with those of desensitizer toothpaste. Within the limitations of the present study, a significant effect of combined desensitizer toothpaste and diode laser therapy occurs in the treatment of desensitization of teeth with gingival recession. Desensitizer toothpaste appears to have the therapeutic potential to alleviate DH. Conversely, diode laser can be used to reduce DH.

Estimates suggest that by the middle of the next century, ethnic minorities will comprise over 50% of the US population. However, this rapidly changing demographic has not been reflected in the number of ethnic minority psychologists entering the work-force.This is particularly true for Native Americans, who, compared with their representation in the US population, are substantially more underrepresented than any other ethnic minority group at all levels of the educational pipeline (American Psychological Association, Commission on Ethnic Minority Recruitment, Retention & Training in Psychology, APA CEMRRAT, 1997). It is clear that in order to increase the numbers of Native Americans in the professional psychology work-force, effective and culturally responsive methods of recruitment, retention and training must be developed. The Clinical Training Programme in the Department of Psychology at the University of South Dakota has a long-standing commitment to training Native Americans within a culturally sensitive and relevant educational environment. The focus of this paper is to describe an evolving culturally inclusive training programme for Native Americans that is embedded within the community based clinical psychology training programme at the University of South Dakota. This programme, called 'FourWinds', provides a comprehensive educational experience that emphasizes achieving a balance between the students' Native culture and their academic training and has the ultimate goal of increasing the number of Native Americans who enter and persist in the educational pipeline through the successful completion of their doctoral training in clinical psychology. In order to provide a context for the evolution of the FourWinds programme, a brief overview of the literature on cross-cultural training models in psychology will be presented, followed by a description of FourWinds and the critical events which have guided the evolution of this culturally inclusive clinical psychology training programme for Native Americans.

On April 24th, 2009, a new swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) was first reported in Mexico. Japan confirmed cases of the flu on May 9th, and the pandemic in Japan has become full-scale. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan announced that the first peak of this pandemic was predicted to occur in October, 2009. Therefore, it is most important to predict the progress of this pandemic to be able to use medical resources effectively in Japan. We used a modified susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) model to calculate the number of infected people and hospital bed shortage during this pandemic. In this model, available medical resources were investigated on the basis of four vaccination scenarios. Our model showed that it would take a further six months for the pandemic to peak than was predicted by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan. Without vaccination, at the peak of the pandemic 23,689 out of 400,000 people would be infected and the hospital bed shortage would reach 7,349 in total. We suggest that mathematical models are strong tools to predict the spread of infectious diseases. According to our model, it is possible to prevent hospital bed shortage by vaccination.

On July 30, 2003 the Revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Law and the Revised Transfusion Act were enacted by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare to clarify the responsibilities of medical organizations. Taking this opportunity, the Hospital's Blood Transfusion Therapy Committee and Infection Control Committee undertook a review of methods of screening tests for post-transfusion infection. We decided to give patients a form letter to recommend they take a screening test for post-transfusion infection while providing notice to doctors that ‘2 months have passed since the transfusion (Blue Card)’. In addition, detailed discussions were held with respect to 1) test fees, 2) test criteria, 3) how to raise patients' awareness, and 4) how to enhance doctors' awareness. As a result, the use of screening tests for post-transfusion infection increased, from 6.8% to 54.6%, enabling us to confirm some effects. However, to fulfil our responsibilities to all patients receiving blood transfusion, the system for implementing this program requires urgent improvement. We thus aimed to further improve the system through operating the newly revised Blue Card system. In addition, it is necessary to create a system to ensure thorough implementation of the program with the electronic patient record due to commence in 2006.Meanwhile, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare is expected to extend the application of patient assistance programs, in addition to implementing a system to ensure that patients receive safer blood transfusion.

The regulation of clinical trials and new drug approval in Japan is based on the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law (PAL) and related ordinances. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) is the governmental body responsible for enacting legislation for pharmaceutical affairs. The MHLW makes final decisions on whether it should halt trials for which investigational new drugs notifications (INDs) are submitted, and whether it should approve drugs for which New Drug Applications (NDAs) are submitted. The Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) is a semi‐governmental agency established by law that conducts scientific review of INDs and NDAs via internal review teams. The role of the PMDA as a review agency has become critical in pharmaceutical research and development activities, with recent progress in global regulatory harmonization and the necessity for cooperation between the regulator and the industry. The The PMDA also provides consultation services for clinical development, similar to those by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Historically, Japanese regulations have evolved by gradually accepting Western regulatory components into preexisting ones. Although most basic regulatory structures are similar to those in Western countries, there are still some obvious differences, including the applicability of INDs. Facing the recent decline in the numbers of domestic trials, the MHLW has issued several measures to promote domestic trials, including grants to train hospital staffs, but it is not expected that the decline will reverse easily because it is related to a diminishing demand for Japanese trials in response to the globalization of pharmaceutical research and development.

In Japan, the elderly population has been rapidly increasing, and the “aging society” is currently considered one of the nation’s most important social concerns. According to statements by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, the average life spans of men and women in 2008 were 79 and 86 years, respectively, and that of women in Japan is the longest in the world (Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, 2009). The percentage of the elderly population in Japan will continue to increase. With the growing aging society, the number of elderly patients with various malignancies has been increasing. However, the rate of cancer in younger patients has also been increasing, due to changes in lifestyles, such as the increased popularity of Western food, viral infections, and genetic factors. In Japan, malignant neoplasms demonstrate the highest mortality rate, surpassing cerebrovascular and heart diseases since 1981, and lung cancer has demonstrated the highest mortality rate among every malignancy in both men and women.

Background According to the vital statistics report by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the total number of deaths in Japan had decreased in 2020 (1,384,544) for the first time in 11 years, and underlying reasons include the decrease of approximately 16,000 deaths from respiratory diseases. The number of deaths subsequently increased in 2021 (1,439,809), and this increase was attributable in part to the outbreak of the Delta variant of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To the best of our knowledge, effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the new normal of life with COVID-19 (e.g., avoiding crowds, wearing masks, and practicing hand hygiene) on the number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases, which have been the second leading cause of death in Japan, have not been studied thus far. Purpose To investigate the association between deaths from cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 in Japan. Methods Data from the demographic survey conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and analyzed, Japan was retrospectively analyzed. Results The number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases decreased in 2019 (207,714) and 2020 (205,596) when compared with those recorded in the previous year; however, the deaths started to increase again in 2021 (Fig 1.). Next, we analyzed deaths at ≥65 years of age. With reference to 2017, the rate of increase in the number of deaths in individuals aged ≥85 years was ≥10%, showing that the increased total number of deaths was due to the increase of deaths in those aged ≥85 years. Among causes of death, heart failure showed a particularly large increase. Deaths in other age groups showed almost no changes or decreases, except for deaths in individuals aged 70–74 years showing a ≥20% increase (Fig 2.). Thus, we looked into changes in the number of deaths in groups of individuals aged 65–69, 70–74, and 75–79 years. Deaths from acute myocardial infarction showed particularly large decreases in both ranges of 65–69 years and 75–79 years. As the number of deaths at 65–69 years of age tended to decrease, deaths from other heart diseases also decreased more or less. As the number of deaths at 75–79 years of age showed almost no changes, deaths from ischemic heart disease and heart failure increased slightly. In contrast to the data for the younger and older age groups, deaths at 70–74 years from almost all causes including acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischemic heart diseases, and arrhythmia increased in number. Conclusion The number of deaths from heart diseases decreased in 2020 compared to that in the prior year; however, the decrease was not fully explainable on the basis of the COVID-19 pandemic because deaths from heart diseases already tended to decrease in 2019. Furthermore, the number of deaths from heart diseases increased in people aged 70–74 years as well as those aged ≥85 years. The underlying reason is currently unknown; thus, continued monitoring is necessary.figure1figure2

BackgroundLicorice‐induced pseudoaldosteronism has been identified as a side effect of excessive licorice consumption. This condition is often characterized by hypertension, hypokalemia, and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. If left untreated, this condition can lead to severe complications, such as arrhythmia and rhabdomyolysis, which can be life‐threatening. Thus, it is critical to recognize the early symptoms of pseudoaldosteronism to facilitate prompt intervention and effective management. Here, we investigated the frequency of various accompanying symptoms by systematically reviewing case reports of licorice‐induced pseudoaldosteronism not covered in similar studies and comparing findings with the manual on pseudoaldosteronism published by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW).MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed to gather relevant human studies published between 1960 and July 2023 and written in English; data focusing on accompanying symptoms were summarized.ResultsThirty‐seven pertinent articles, encompassing 48 case reports (26 females and 1 unreported sex, mean age 64.6 ± 14.6), were identified and scrutinized. The analysis revealed that hypertension was the most prevalent followed by weakness and edema. None of the researched cases reported instances of spasticity or rigidity.DiscussionThe study findings identified hypertension and weakness followed by edema as the predominant symptoms associated with pseudoaldosteronism which is in agreement with the MHLW manual. However, we doubt that spasticity, rigidity, and possibly numbness could be noticed by patients and their families as common initial symptoms outlined in the manual.

Japanese medical graduates are staying away from surgical departments and graduate schools

Effect and status of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in India