7 - Glass packaging

PurposeThe conventional design method relies on a priori knowledge, which limits the rapid and efficient development of electronic packaging structures. The purpose of this study is to propose a hybrid method of data-driven inverse design, which couples adaptive surrogate model technology with optimization algorithm to to enable an efficient and accurate inverse design of electronic packaging structures.Design/methodology/approachThe multisurrogate accumulative local error-based ensemble forward prediction model is proposed to predict the performance properties of the packaging structure. As the forward prediction model is adaptive, it can identify respond to sensitive regions of design space and sample more design points in those regions, getting the trade-off between accuracy and computation resources. In addition, the forward prediction model uses the average ensemble method to mitigate the accuracy degradation caused by poor individual surrogate performance. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is then coupled with the forward prediction model for the inverse design of the electronic packaging structure.FindingsBenchmark testing demonstrated the superior approximate performance of the proposed ensemble model. Two engineering cases have shown that using the proposed method for inverse design has significant computational savings while ensuring design accuracy. In addition, the proposed method is capable of outputting multiple structure parameters according to the expected performance and can design the packaging structure based on its extreme performance.Originality/valueBecause of its data-driven nature, the inverse design method proposed also has potential applications in other scientific fields related to optimization and inverse design.

With the growth of the commodity economy, packaging has evolved beyond its original function of protecting goods to play a crucial role in capturing consumer attention, influencing purchasing decisions, and building brand identity. From a consumer perspective, emotional design in packaging addresses both their emotional aspirations and desire for a quality life. This study focuses on the emotional design of product packaging, aiming to meet consumers’ material needs while also fulfilling their deeper, spiritual expectations, ultimately enhancing the consumer experience and strengthening brand connection. This topic is based on MEC(Mobile Edge Computing), the research of commodity packaging design and emotion perception recognition. Design an algorithm framework of trademark pattern integrity detection and a model for image emotion classification and recognition. The binary image of trademark pattern is obtained by color image segmentation method, then the shape feature descriptor of trademark pattern is calculated, and the feature dimension is reduced by PCA(principal component analysis) method to reduce irrelevant features and feature data redundancy. The results show that the performance of this method in accuracy, recall, and F1 value are improved by 7.1%, 19.02%, and 11.20%, respectively. It provides a theoretical basis for how to choose the right starting point for packaging design and broadens the horizon for the future research of packaging design.

It will be a future trend to apply quantum photonic technology to communication technology and information processing. One of major developing directions of quantum photonic technology is the miniaturization and on-chip integration. Like the diodes in integrated electric circuitry, optical unidirectional transmitter devices (UTDs) play an important role in processing the quantum information and also represent the main components of integrated optical devices. Thus, the design of UTDs has become one of the research hotspots. With photonic bandgap and localization characteristics, as well as easy micro-nano scaled integration, the photonic crystals (PCs) are often preferred when used to develop micro-nano integrated optical devices. At present, the common methods of achieving UTD with photonic crystals include directional bandgap mismatch, asymmetrical coupling by a micro-cavity, odd-even mode conversion, total reflection of photonic crystals with grating and photonic crystal heterostructure, etc. However, these optical unidirectional transmitters gained through the above methods generally have a low forward transmission, narrow working band, complex structure, etc. In the paper a novel method of UTD is put forward based on photonic crystal and a UTD of funnel-shaped waveguide is designed. The design of the device is divided into two parts: optimal funnel waveguide design and optimal point defect design. The band structure of TE polarized photonic crystal is calculated by R-soft. A triangular lattice circular air hole photonic crystal with complete photonic band gap is used as the initial structure and line defects are introduced to form a funnel-shaped waveguide structure (FSWS). The FSWS consists of the first waveguide W1, the second waveguide W2 and a funnel cavity. The funnel cavity is shaped like a funnel and located at the coupling between W1 and W2. Owing to the unique characteristics of the waveguide, the light wave transmission will be localized in the waveguide, which is conducive to improving the forward transmission. The influence of width variation of W2 with forward and backward incident light are analyzed by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and W2 is selected as a waveguide formed by removing 11 rows of air holes. The FSWS achieves the initial asymmetric transmission, while the backward transmission remains high. Further studies are conducted to introduce four types of point defects to suppress the backward transmittance. The point defects refer to moving one or two air holes. In the work the FDTD is also used to calculate four kinds of point defect backward transmittance spectra and optimize the positions of point defects. Finally, it is found that when the optimal point defect mode is type I and <i>d</i> = 5<i>a</i>, the forward transmission (<i>T</i><sub>f</sub>) and transmission contrast (<i>C </i>) at 1550 nm are 0.716 and 0.929, respectively. Working bandwidth (<i>B</i>) can be increased up to 111 nm (1501–1612 nm). By mode analysis, it is found that the point defect introduces mode mismatch between W1 and W2, by converting the fundamental mode in W2 into high-order modes. Thus, the back-propagating light waves in W2 cannot effectively couple into W1, resulting in complete blockage of backward propagation. In addition, the structure is made of silicon based air hole photonic crystal. The 2D air-hole PC slab is mature and even compatible with conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processing. The designed UTD is easy to implement, and has the advantages of simplicity and high unidirectional transmission characteristics. Therefore, it can provide a new solution for UTDs with higher requirements for integrated optical path at present.

Based on the idea of gamified food packaging, the article follows several studies to propose a new integrative framework in gamified gourmet food packaging, lighting a new study area of the interplay of mobile marketing and packaging (as a communication vehicle) in the promotion management literature. We investigate the relationship between the masstige theory perspective on masstige (gourmet) food companies and the effects of gamification, specifically in mobile sales points, in the new extended framework that has been suggested. We propose an integrative framework comprising four key elements. These include consumer engagement with the brand, technological packaging design, consumer happiness, and consumer involvement at mobile point-of-sale. We employ a survey to gather data as part of our research methodology to test nine (9) research hypotheses and the mediating effect of consumer happiness and consumer involvement. The study offers valuable insights into promotions of gamified gourmet food packaging, bringing attention to the intersection of gamification and mobile sales points and how they impact consumer perceptions, intentions, and purchasing decisions.

The measure of package performance depends on the specific application. A high speed, high I/O application poses many restrictions on the required performance in terms of thermal management, reliability as well as electrical integrity. Electrical performance issues have become a very significant performance figure with the increasing circuit density and faster rise time contrary to the traditional view of a package. The drive towards higher chip I/O, reducing device dimensions and demand for lower inductance is forcing many to abandon the traditional chip bonding techniques such as wire-bonding and pursue flip-chip techniques (i.e,, C4). The chip carrying substrate facilitates the fanning-out of the I/Os, powering up the chip, and providing I/O interface to the next level. A host of substrate technologies are available, In this paper we look at the trade offs between PBGA (Plastic Ball Grid Array) and CBGA (Ceramic Ball Grid Array) solutions from an electrical performance, package design and application point of view.

A Dynamic Programming Algorithm for the Online Cutting Problem with Defects and Quality Grades

At present, the contents and forms of environmental protection cultural and creative products in the market are mostly the same, generally lack of cultural connotation, and it is difficult to meet the diversified needs of consumers. Therefore, combined with practice, this paper studies the innovative design method of environmental protection cultural and creative products. Based on the design concept of cross-border integration and people-oriented, this paper discusses new ideas for the design and development of environmental protection cultural and creative products from the four dimensions of "excavating demand, getting close to life", "stimulating emotion and shaping experience", "inheriting wisdom and carrying forward culture" and "combining current politics and seeking development". This paper puts forward nine key points of innovative design of cultural and creative products, such as cultural depth, ancient and modern integration, exclusive characteristics, artistic aesthetics, practical functions, interesting experience, educational influence, green environmental protection and brand concept, and creatively analyzes them in combination with design practice. This paper provides a certain reference value for promoting the dissemination of China's environmental protection culture.

The focus of this study is to evaluate the image contrast, denoted /spl Delta/BAI, for various packaging materials, and defect types and their sizes. This study applied the pulse-echo Backscattered Amplitude Integral (BAI) method to visualize and evaluate defects in the seal area of flexible food packages which might cause both economic loss and health hazards. This method yields an image, the BAI-mode image. It has been shown that there is a direct relation between the defect size and /spl Delta/BAI value, and that different defect types and packaging materials have a significant impact on the /spl Delta/BAI value.

A rapid, dependable method of on-line package inspection will allow wider implementation of energy- and material-efficient retortable pouches and trays, by reducing inspection costs. To evaluate high-frequency ultrasonic imaging as a sensing method, the 17·3 MHz ultrasonic pulse-echo Backscattered Amplitude Integral (BAI) method was used to visualize and evaluate major defects (channels and product inclusions, which compromise the seal integrity and must be reliably inspected) in the seal area of flexible food packages. The focus of this study was to evaluate the image contrast, denoted ΔBAI, for various packaging materials, defect types and sizes. Channel (6–100 µm in diameter) and inclusion defects (strands of mouse tail tendons, 20–150 µm) were created in the seal area of all-plastic and foil-containing packaging films. It has been shown that there is a direct relationship between the defect size and ΔBAI value, and that different defect types and packaging materials have a significant impact on the ΔBAI value. The utility of ΔBAI for detecting defects makes it a useful and reliable sensing method for package inspection. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

X is a company that operates in the cigarette production sector. This company has 4 sections for the production process, namely printing (offset), cutting (auto platten), folding (folder), and packaging (packing). Of the four sections, the one most at risk of experiencing machine downtime is the folding section, because this section is where the production process of all products passes. DC products are one of the products from PT. X which is widely used by consumers, the number of product defects DC. The aim of this research is to identify the types of defects that often occur, and identify the main causes of defects that occur in DC products using the SPC method. Types of defects found Inappropriate color, Dents on the product, and not folded on the product. Of the three types of defects that exist, the most dominant type of defect is dents on products with a total of 12,595 pcs, followed by products that are not folded with a total of 9,142 pcs, and finally the color does not match with a total of 8,651 pcs. Keywords: Defect Product, Quality Control, Statistical Process Control

The functional separation of structure and skins in architecture has emerged in Gothic architecture. The Industrial Revolution accelerated the production of metal and glass, which led to the functional separation of structure from the skins becoming a common architectural design style after the 19th century. The architectural skins is liberated from the structure and assumes the role of expressing beauty. In this context, there are some suggestions on the visual design points of architectural skins and architectural structure given from the perspective of neuro-aesthetics in this paper. This study was conducted in accordance with the following procedure. First, The concept and experimental data related to fluency theory and aesthetic A-HA theory are used to determine human susceptibility to transparency. There is a way found to generate good feelings that is semi-translucent architectural skins. Second, Determine the ideal architectural features through the "Prospect and Refuge" model based on the "Embodiment Theory" and the "Dwelling Theory". Third, Analyze the visual role of semi-translucent architectural skins and building structure based on the "Prospect and Refuge" model from the perspective of symbolism. Fourth, Found the effect of expectation on memory representation in perceptual processing through the comparative analysis of aesthetic model. Fifth, Vitruvius's architectural theory regards utilitas(functionality), firmitas(strength), and venustas(aesthetics) as the expected universal values of architecture. Sixth, In terms of memory representation, some suggestions on the visual characteristics of building structures in buildings are proposed with translucent building skins. On this basis, this study puts forward the following suggestions. Buildings with semi-translucent skins are attractive. Semi-translucent building skins should indicate that it is supported by a solid structure. In terms of visual perception, the firmness of the structure on the back of the semi-translucent skins satisfies the universal aesthetic consciousness. The good feelings generated in this automatic cognitive processing process based on unconscious implicit memories can have a positive impact on cognitive outcomes. In terms of visual perception, the stability of the structure projected on the back of the translucent skin satisfies a general aesthetic sense.Therefore, an expression with visual appeal - translucent architectural skins and visually perceived stable building structures are proposed in this study.

The utilization of recycled cullet reduces significantly glass production costs. Every 10 percentage points of recycled glass used in the manufacture of container glass saves about 3.5% of energy and 11% of raw materials. To use cullet in high quantities (more than 70% for container glass), the cullet has to meet some demands, and only some ppm of metals, ceramics, porcelain and pyro-ceramics are permitted. A source of metallic inclusions may be the fine-grade fraction of the cullet with the particle diameter less than 5 mm, which cannot be easily separated from glass waste. Upon increasing the recycled cullet quantity from 20% to 80%, in the glass manufacture stock company “Kauno stiklas” a new type of non-dissoluble glass defects has been detected. It was determined that spherical inclusions are mainly due to elementary silicon and a small quantity of iron silicide. Another biggest and cylindrical solid inclusion is composed by aluminum silicate mullite.The main methods of separating metallic and mineral inclusions from glass cullet have been examined.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ct.59.1.1526

Product design requires a lot of designer skills and experience. University teaching is an important starting point for designers to have good design skills. As a result, university curriculum design is critical in preparing students with a good design foundation. Students should not only gain knowledge from the lecture but also gain experience from the real task that helps students to accustomed to real environments and ready to work after graduation. This research aims to design the curriculum to support student learning skills for packaging design by cooperating with the Science Park. This is the main resource for transferring the knowledge and techniques from the workers and providing actual tasks to their customers. Regarding this course, students should 1) gain the fundamental knowledge of packaging design from students, 2) attain different techniques from workers to design the package and deal with customers, and 3) have real experience of designing regarding the actual requirements of the customers. The findings show that not only students who gain benefit from this course design, but also the lecturer, entrepreneurs, the science park, and the university. Students obtain knowledge, techniques, skills, and experience in packaging design. The instructor has a plan in place to improve the curriculum to benefit all stakeholders. Entrepreneurs have a huge variety of packaging design and market information ideas. Science Park earns value from the students' outcomes with extra analysis, information, and packaging ideas for a real consumer. When this course is effective, the university will also benefit in terms of intellectual patent, research, and frame

The zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model is an extension of the standard Poisson distribution. It is often used to describe a near zero-defect process with occasional occurrences of non-conforming products. In the past, research on the control charts for ZIP process has concentrated on univariate ZIP process where there is only one type of defect. However, it is common in some high quality processes that there are several types of defects to be considered and the count variables are correlated. It is not appropriate to monitor the process using independent univariate ZIP based control charts. In this paper, a control charting procedure using a combination of two cumulative sum charts is proposed for monitoring shifts in a bivariate ZIP (BZIP) process, which is a special case of the multivariate ZIP model. We use simulations to obtain the upper control limit of the control charts based on a specified in-control average number of observations to signal. We also use simulations to evaluate the control charting procedure in three situations: shifts only in the p-set parameters; shifts only in the λ-set parameters; and shifts in all the parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed control charts are effective in detecting shifts in the parameters of a BZIP process. Finally, we present an application of our proposed method in the light emitting diode packaging industry.

From the perspective of rural revitalization, the packaging design of native products is very important. It not only assumes the role of protection, transportation and storage of goods in the initial circulation process, but more importantly, as a visual communication carrier, transmitting commodity information, building a platform for commodity beautification, and psychological communication with consumers. People realize that the product begins with packaging, and in today's globalization, packaging has become an integral part of the product. It has a positive promoting effect on increasing the sales volume of native products, and has certain promoting significance in the implementation of the development goals of rural revitalization. Therefore, the full text mainly from the perspective of rural revitalization elaborated the main principles of local characteristics packaging design, and according to the actual situation and the requirements of rural development, put forward the corresponding local characteristics packaging design points. Provide valuable reference suggestions for relevant designers, and then design product packaging with unique local characteristics, help agricultural development, and gradually achieve the strategic goal of rural revitalization.