A CASE STUDY ABOUT FACEBOOK USAGE FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING THE ANDROID PLATFORMS

Navigating Social Media in #Ophthalmology

Spatial Patterns of Purposeful Social Networking and Socioeconomic Influences: Towards a Mature, Inclusive Networked Society in the U.S.

Background:Today, social media platforms are more popular than ever in Saudi Arabia. Despite the influence of social media on patients’ decisions to undergo cosmetic surgery, it is still unclear how social media platforms affect the private practice of plastic surgeons around Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess Saudi plastic surgeons’ use of social media and its impact on their practices.Methods:The study was based on a self-administered questionnaire that was built on previous literature and distributed to practicing Saudi plastic surgeons. A survey consisting of 12 items was conducted to assess patterns of social media use and its impact on plastic surgery practice.Results:This study included 61 participants. Thirty-four surgeons (55.7%) were using social media platforms in their practice. The use of social media was significantly different among surgeons with different levels of practice in cosmetic surgery (P = 0.004) and reconstructive surgery (P = 0.049). Social media presence was significantly more prevalent among surgeons in private practice (70.6%, P = 0.034). The use of social media in plastic surgery is overall positive for the field (60.7%).Conclusions:Despite plastic surgeons’ differing views on social media, its role within the field of plastic surgery is evidently on the rise. The use of social media is not equal across all practice types. Surgeons practicing in private hospitals and specializing in aesthetic surgery are more likely to view social media favorably and use it in their practice.

Social media use, community participation and psychological well-being among individuals with serious mental illnesses

Social media and on-line interaction can be as significant as the offline environment in shaping youth health behaviour, possibly explaining the association between social media and alcohol use by youth. Social media also presents opportunities for new prevention and intervention strategies. Social media are inherently social, and people are inevitably influenced by the interactions therein [5]. Ng Fat et al. propose that the association between heavier social media use and higher likelihood of more frequent drinking by youth could be due to cultural norms of drinking which are transferred through the on-line context [1, 6]. Prior research work on norms concerning addictive behaviours [7-9] provide support to this notion, suggesting that observed norms are a powerful transferer of health behaviours. The challenge of social media is that they are likely to distort the user's perception of reality due to user activity, contacts and various algorithms [10]. Perceptions of alcohol norms or the impression of how much others are drinking are often over-estimated [2, 11]. This poses a risk to young people who are particularly susceptible to social norms and can lead to many unwanted and harmful behaviour patterns, such as increased drinking. Ng Fat et al. did not investigate the effect of social norms as such, although they discussed youths' sociability both on- and off-line as a potential factor influencing greater alcohol use. However, their results highlight where the gaps exist in understanding how social media and on-line relationships could impact the behaviour of developing youths. Emerging research in the field suggests that social media and virtual interaction in general can be as powerful as the off-line environment in terms of shaping youth behaviour [12]. Ng Fat et al. defined social media use as belonging to social media sites, including Facebook, Myspace and Bebo. However, social media are much more diverse and manifold, warranting wider and more nuanced consideration. Research indicates that social media platforms differ greatly when it comes to interface and content [13]. Social media such as Facebook and Instagram are more user-orientated and on these types of platforms, users typically have a visible identity. Interaction in these services is based on people's mutual relationships and content is mainly shared among a certain set of other users (i.e. friends, followers) [13]. It is possible that, on platforms such as these, social interaction is more meaningful and social influence and behavioural diffusion occur more easily. Social media such as YouTube and Twitter are more content-orientated where networks are established around users’ shared interests. Other users or audiences are more far-reaching and often anonymous [14]. Young individuals are likely to turn towards more interactional social media platforms where communication is mutual [15, 16]. This could also partly explain the clearer pattern between social media use and higher likelihood of more frequent drinking among the 10–15 age group. It is noteworthy that Ng Fat et al. conclude that no direct evidence was found indicating that the rise of social media platforms could be contributing to the increase in non-drinking among youth [17]. While social media use has been associated with adverse health behaviours, the opportunities to employ different on-line platforms for prevention and intervention strategies are abundant. However, future longitudinal research is needed, as social media are rapidly expanding and evolving. New forms of social media may present unforeseeable risks for youth alcohol use and other off-line risk behaviours, but also opportunities for prevention. None.

Social media is used by >4.48 billion people worldwide. Despite its popularity, vision-impaired individuals struggle to use social media given visual inaccessibility of content and lack of access to Internet/Wireless-Fidelity-enabled devices. Our study explores visually impaired adult's use of social media in comparison to a control group. This study aimed to report the demographic profile and patterns of social media use among adults with vision impairment (VI) aged 18 to 35 years and compare it with an age-matched normally sighted group in India. In addition, we explored barriers to use of social media among adults with VI. Vision-impaired and normally sighted adults (controls) aged 18 to 35 years at L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India, answered a questionnaire about social media use (e.g., platform used). Four hundred twenty-two individuals (201 VI, 221 controls) participated. Normally sighted adults (98%) used social media more than the VI group (81%; p<0.001). Vision-impaired users were predominantly male (85%) and unemployed (57%; p<0.00001 for both). There was no significant difference in educational level between groups (p=0.17). Smartphones were the most popular device used (VI, 161 [99%]; control, 206 [95%]), with tablet PC/iPad being the least popular (VI, 5 [3%]; control, 12 [6%]). Adults with VI and controls commonly used WhatsApp as communication platforms, and Facebook and Twitter as networking platforms. Approximately one-third of individuals across both social media user groups reported barriers to use (VI, 48 [30%]; control, 74 [34%]; p<0.001). Vision-impaired individuals cited accessibility issues of having to rely on audio over vision to navigate social media, whereas controls reported having to share a phone. The proportion of social media usage among VI adults is high (81%) and is substantially higher than the 33% reported in the general Indian population. Vision-impaired adults who used social media were male with moderate VI and were less likely to be employed compared with controls.

The impact of social media use on body image and disordered eating behaviors: Content matters more than duration of exposure

This study investigates the relationship between social media use and subjective well-being among South Korean women in their 20s, with a particular emphasis on the moderating role of self-esteem. Cross-sectional data from 611 women in their 20s who had experience using social media platforms was drawn from the Korean Media Panel Survey 2021. A regression analysis revealed that increased social media use was associated with lower subjective well-being. Self-esteem acted as a moderator in the relationship between social media use and subjective well-being. Among individuals with low or medium levels of self-esteem, higher social media use was linked to decreased subjective well-being; however, for those with high self-esteem, social media use did not significantly impact subjective well-being. These findings underscore the significance of self-esteem as a protective factor in the context of social media use and its influence on the subjective well-being among women in their 20s.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between PPD, parental perfectionism, and social media use in first-time mothers and to determine the factors affecting PPD. Methods: In this descriptive and correlational study, 229 mothers in the first year postpartum were examined between January and June 2023 in the pediatric outpatient clinic of a Medical Faculty Hospital in the Central Anatolia Region. Participant data were collected using the participant information form, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Multidimensional Parenting Perfectionism Questionnaire, and Social Media Use Scale. Results: Notably, 28.4% participants were categorized in the risk group for depression, and 45% used their cell phones for ≥4 hours per day. Social media was predominantly used to obtain information (75.5%), and Instagram (88.2%) was the most commonly used social media platform. The identified risk factors for PPD included mothers’ age (OR = 0.835; p &lt; 0.001); Multidimensional Parenting Perfectionism Scale total score (OR = 0.851; p &lt; 0.001), including sub-dimension scores of personal parenting standards (OR = 1.212; p = 0.053), doubts about parenting activity (OR = 1.341; p &lt; 0.001), and partner’s parenting expectations and criticisms (OR = 1.219; p &lt; 0.001); and social integration and emotional connection sub-dimension scores of the social media use scale (OR = 0.928; p = 0.010). Conclusion: Maternal age, parental perfectionism, and social media use were important risk factors for PPD. Assessment of perfectionism and social media use may be useful in identifying women at risk of PPD in the postpartum period.

Teachers are increasingly turning to social media to facilitate informal opportunities for professional learning, yet we know little about the motivational factors that prompt teachers’ social media use. In this chapter, we propose a conceptual framework that researchers can use to unpack the varied motivational factors that lead teachers to engage with social media for professional learning. We argue that the extant literature on teachers’ social media use lacks cohesion in terms of identifying the full range of motivational factors that inform teacher practice and that can lead teachers to engage with social media spaces with different functionalities (e.g., curating content, building community, monetizing teacher resources). We draw on utility-based theory from economics to understand how teachers negotiate between different motivational preferences when deciding to engage with different social media platforms, foregrounding both individual and social preferences and how the context of districts, schools, grade levels, classrooms, and teachers’ backgrounds might influence teacher preferences and social media use. We conclude with a discussion of how this conceptual framework can inform future research.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is threefold: to measure and compare the degree of social media use (SMU) by football clubs, to assess football fans’ engagement with content posted by football clubs (FCs) and to evaluate differences in user engagement with commercial social media advertisement targeting football fans, based on the advertisements’ appeal.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs three approaches. First, it uses the corporate social media use (CSMU) model to analyse 20,954 Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and Twitter postings from 78 European FCs. Second, it develops a categorisation for social media postings and uses ANOVA and Scheffè tests to conduct a pairwise comparison. Third, it uses a fictional hedonic low-involvement product (chocolate bar) to conduct an experiment by creating a Facebook advertising campaign with three advertisements that are manipulated regarding their general appeal.FindingsStudy 1 demonstrates that individual FCs show big differences between their degree of SMU. There are, however, no differences between European leagues, social media platforms, or more/less successful FCs. The results of Study 2 indicate that social media users like, comment and share postings by FCs independently of the content of the posting. Study 3 reveals that both user engagement and reach of advertisements can be substantially increased by employing football-related appeals.Originality/valueThis paper helps understanding consumer engagement in social media. The results presented are relevant and helpful for a multitude of actors, including FCs and other sports clubs, companies targeting football fans and researchers interested in social media and sports marketing.

The rapid growth of social media platforms has significantly transformed the social lives of teenagers and raised important concerns about their mental health. Adolescence is a critical period marked by the development of self-identity, social connections, and self-esteem. Social media platforms, such as Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok, facilitate constant interaction and comparison among peers, often shaping perceptions of popularity and belonging. Given these factors, the widespread integration of social media into daily life has encouraged researchers to investigate its potential effects on anxiety and self-esteem among teenagers. This review aims to examine the various aspects of social media use that are connected to anxiety and self-esteem in adolescents. The study employs a systematic analytical review of existing literature focused on teenagers aged 12 to 19 years. Twelve studies were analyzed to identify patterns and differences in their findings. The results showed that both intensive and problematic social media use are often associated with higher levels of anxiety among adolescents. Additionally, passive engagement with social media, such as merely observing others’ content, appears to heighten the risk of anxiety. For example, viewing curated images and statuses can lead to negative self-comparisons and feelings of inadequacy. The findings related to self-esteem were more ambiguous. While some studies indicated a negative correlation between intensive social media use and adolescent self-esteem, others did not find a direct link. These results suggest that not only the amount but also the quality and context of social media interaction play important roles in shaping psychological outcomes among adolescents. Overall, the evidence points to a complex relationship between social media use and psychological well-being, influenced by multiple behavioral and contextual factors. Future research should utilize consistent longitudinal methods to more clearly determine the impact of social media on adolescent mental health.

[Purpose/Meaning] In the past 10 years, the modern media marked by the rise of new media has developed rapidly. The comprehensive application of digital media technology has almost been subversive in the field of risk communication. Social media has become an important channel for citizens to participate in risk communication. Although domestic and foreign studies have shown that social media is increasingly used in risk communication, few studies have compared the use of social media in risk communication between Chinese and American governments from the perspective of communication effects. [Methods/Processes] The content analysis method is used to explore the differences between different management organizations and different crisis stages in the risk communication between the two countries in terms of issue construction, public use behavior, and public and government social media interaction. [Results/Conclusions] The study found that China focused on building factual frameworks and the US focused on building action frameworks; the two countries have high public participation, but the two government social media lacks responses to public questions; the amount of information published by China far exceeds that of the United States, but China The public's positive comment rate is lower than the US and other issues. Finally, based on the comparative conclusions, the Chinese government provides effective advice on the effective use of government social media for risk communication.

Social media has become an integral part of modern communication, with millions of users worldwide. While it facilitates connectivity and information sharing, its psychological effects, particularly on selfesteem and body image, have raised significant concerns. This study investigates the impact of social media use on self-esteem and body image among female young adults in Sri Lanka. Using convenience sampling, the study included 251 females with ages ranging from 18 to 26. A Google form that included a demographic questionnaire, the Social Media Use Scale, the Body Image Questionnaire, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was shared through social media platforms to collect data. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) confirmed a statistically significant multivariate effect of social media use on both body image and self-esteem, with social media use explaining 8.5% of the variance in the combined dependent variables. Follow-up analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a significant effect of social media use on body image and self-esteem separately, with small to moderate effect sizes. Further analysis using Welch’s t-test showed that individuals with Low social media use had significant and higher self-esteem (d = 0.459) and more positive body image (d = 0.580) compared to those with High social media use. Findings highlight that social media use has a significant effect on both self-esteem and body image, with higher social media use associated with lower self-esteem and poor body image. Future research should examine usage patterns and cultural influences. Keywords: Social media use, body image, self-esteem, Sri Lankan female young adults

Adolescents are the largest population group that accesses social media applications (Boneva et al., 2006; Gross, 2004; Subrahmanyam, Reich, Waechter, & Espinoza, 2008). However, there is little known on how to measure the positive (i.e., enabling privacy settings, friending parents and other family members on social media platforms) and negative (i.e., public social media account, hiding posts from parents) adolescent social media use. This is an important oversight given the relationship between negative uses of social media and increased delinquency, aggression, and decreased parent-adolescent communication (Coyne et al., 2014). The present study sought to address this limitation in the research literature. The study consisted of three phases. Phase 1 generated items of positive and negative social media use for both a parent and adolescent version. Phase 2 included 599 parent and 370 adolescent participants who completed the Adolescent Social Media Use Inventory-Pilot. Items were eliminated based on factor loadings and internal consistency, and a factor structure was obtained. Phase 3 examined the construct and concurrent validity of the questionnaire. Participants consisted of 599 parents and 370 adolescents who completed the Adolescent Social Media Use Inventory, Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale, Youth Internalizing Problems Screener, Youth Externalizing Problems Screener, and the Online Privacy and Self-Monitoring Index.