A Collaborative Multi-source Intelligence Working Environment: A Systems Approach

Medical problem solving is to a large extent accomplished through interprofessional collaboration. It may be imagined as a socially distributed cognitive process. Discourse provides access to this process while it also is the major tool for accomplishing collaborative work. The major topic of the article is the role played by moral discourses in collaborative medical reasoning and problem solving in a hospital setting. It is claimed that the medical order of collaborative work in hospitals is also a moral order. When disruption of the medical order occurs, it generates a disruption of the moral order. Hence, monitoring and regulation of the moral order turns out to be an important part of the collaborative clinical work. Another claim is that the moral order acts as a medical problem solving resource. It allows assignment, management and negotiations of statuses and identities for doctors as well as for patients. Through talk or formulations and reformulations, medical practitioners move in and out of moral frames, fabricate necessary and accountable facts, and produce and reproduce a flexible medical problem solving system.

Open wikis such as WikiEducator (WE) (http://www.wikieducator.org/Main_Page) lie at the intersection of two significant applications of learning technology: open educational resources (OERs), which are freely available materials that can be shared, modified, adapted, and reused in diverse learning contexts; and collaborative authoring environments. This chapter presents a case study of the use of open wikis in a single online postgraduate course in the College of Education at Massey University (New Zealand). The case discussion includes an illustration of the use of open wiki technology at WikiEducator within the course from two different points of view: the use of wikis as a presentation tool by the course teaching staff; and as a production tool by learners seeking to create OERs as part of an instructional design project. The chapter also links the challenges and opportunities associated with these points of view to wider possibilities and pressures attending the terrain in which contemporary higher education is situated.

Many educational organizations are using Wikis to enhance virtual learning to encourage knowledge sharing inside between students and instructors. Wiki is an ideal tool for the online knowledge sharing at educational organizations which help to achieve more collaborative work environment between students and instructors. However, educational organizations sometimes fail of building successful virtual community and users abound Wikis for several reasons. This research explored the use of Wikis to share knowledge in virtual learning community. A proposed conceptual framework was developed examining the UTAUT model in new context by using it to test the behavior intention to share knowledge through the Wiki technology in virtual community. A survey to postgraduate students shows that social influence, performance, and effort expectancy have impact on students' attitude to share knowledge through Wikis.

The i2010 – An European Information Society for growth and employment initiative was launched by the European Commission on 1st of June 2005as a framework for addressing the main challenges and developments in the information society and media sectors up to 2010. It promotes an open and competitive digital economy and emphasizes ICT as a driver of inclusion and quality of life. The initiative contains a range of EU policy instruments to encourage the development of the digital economy such as regulatory instruments, research and partnerships with stakeholders. According to the European Union initiatives, this chapter proposes a generic framework that illustrates the advances of collaborative work environments where the attendees from different domains of interest can share ideas, concepts, studies, digital content and resources, in an interactive manner. The approach highlights the importance of the advanced technologies in E-Service platforms: video telephony, video conferencing, online focus group, virtual shared space, media streaming or video capture/recording functionalities. The presented prototype is developed according to the extended LAMP architecture and consists of the following blocks: Apache web server, MySQL database server, Red5 media server, OpenOffice 2.0 and GostScript libraries. The generic framework can be applied to different domains such as business, education, telemedicine or administration and security. The chapter contains sections dedicated to collaborative work capabilities for electronic commerce and negotiating or customer live support, open and distance/blended learning, administrative real-time decission in different situations (calamities, vandalism acts), remote consulting and surgery acts. Some examples and suggestive demonstration films are also presented in the chapter in order to illustrate the advantages of the computer supported collaborative work framwork as the core of any virtual community.

This study aims at examining the effectiveness of applying wikis in tertiary-level English as a foreign language EFL classes. The use of wikis in English for specific purposes ESP course - Business English Writing - by undergraduate students in a university in China was investigated through data analysis of test results as well as interviews. Performance results on Business English Certificates BEC preliminary pre-test and BEC vantage post-test revealed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in writing in the post-test. Interviews showed that students held a rather positive view towards the use of wikis in the ESP writing class and they favoured the tool mainly for its effect of enhancing their learning motivation and its function for collaborative learning. Still, a few students were not accustomed to this type of e-learning for varied reasons. Implications of the results are that wikis can benefit EFL learners by improving their writing skills in a collaborative environment.

Collaborative work in Building Information Modeling (BIM) projects is frequently understood as the interaction of modelers in an asynchronous way through modification requests or via e-mail/telephone. However, alternative work methodologies based on creating a common and synchronous environment allow solving issues instantaneously during the design process. This study aimed to analyze the behavior and performance of BIM users with different specialties who were subjected to an experimental exercise in a collaborative environment. For this purpose, a process was devised to collect, sort, and select the data from the log files generated by the BIM software. A timeline of the experiment was populated with data on the intensity and types of commands used by each specialist, which allowed determining behavioral patterns, preferred commands, indicators of their experience, further training needs, and possible strategies for improving the team’s performance. In the experiment, the mechanical designer’s performance was 49% and the rest approximately 64%, with respect to that of the architect. An average rate of 1.66 necessary or auxiliary commands for each contributory command was detected. The average performance was 200–400 commands per hour, which intensified by the end of the experiment. Further training needs were detected for the plumbing designer to reduce the use of backwards commands. Conversely, the electrical designer showed a positive evolution regarding this aspect during the experiment. The analysis methods here described become useful for the aforementioned purposes. Nevertheless, combinations with methods from existing research might improve the outcomes and therefore the specificity of recommendations.

It was interesting to read the research work by Skarstein et al. (2024) on the need for support expressed by the recently appointed nursing leaders. The authors deal with an extremely current topic of the difficulties encountered by nurses recently appointed to a leadership position and suggest several certainly effective actions to address the problem. The current system needs a thorough overhaul to ensure that future nurse coordinators are adequately prepared to meet the complex challenges of the modern healthcare sector. The figure of the nursing coordinator plays a crucial role in ensuring efficiency, quality and safety of care. However, the growing complexity of the healthcare system, combined with the new challenges posed by the global pandemic, highlighted the need for an evolution in the nursing leadership model. The nursing profession is going through a period of crisis as it faces new challenges (Ginaldi et al. 2024; Azzellino and Martinis 2024). We must give it the opportunity and resources to renew itself and recognise new roles and responsibilities in our healthcare systems. As Skarstein et al. (2024) point out, nurses newly appointed to leadership roles want to improve their leadership position and increase confidence in the role with targeted support. The nursing profession must engage in and embrace the concept of mentoring to provide newly appointed leaders with supportive environments (Lysfjord and Skarstein 2024; McNamara et al. 2014; Vitale 2018). Nursing coordinators are called upon to manage a wide range of responsibilities ranging from managing staff to supervising the quality of care, from scheduling shifts to resolving complex clinical problems. Despite this, they often lack adequate training and support tools to effectively address these challenges. It is therefore imperative to introduce continuous training, support and development programmes, that include advanced skills in management, leadership, communication and problem-solving. There is an urgent need to introduce mentorship programmes with experienced healthcare leaders and one-on-one coaching to provide personalised support and skill development. Furthermore, promoting a culture of distributed leadership is essential to harness the strengths of each nursing team member, fostering a collaborative and inclusive work environment. Nursing leaders should be supported in their efforts to retain nurses and ensure high-quality patient care (McNamara et al. 2014; Rokach, 2014). Another critical aspect concerns the need to formally recognise and adequately remunerate the role of nursing coordinators. Often, their duties go well beyond those stipulated in their contract, resulting in stress and the risk of burnout. Leadership that cultivates a collaborative and supportive work environment is associated with greater employee satisfaction (Bergstedt and Wei 2020). Furthermore, nursing leaders must be actively involved in decision-making processes at the corporate and political levels. They must be allowed to actively participate in hospital decision-making committees. All authors contributed equally to the work. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors have nothing to report.

Collaborative Work Environment (CWE) is an operation integration concept supported by real-time systems (tools and facility), defined business processes and the right set of domain experts. The objectives in Collaborative Work Environment implementation includes; providing an operating asset the benefits of real-time operation optimisation and reduction in personnel unsafe travel exposure alongside effective team collaboration resulting in faster decision making using the intelligent oilfield capabilities. This paper assesses, hypothetically, the Collaborative Work Environment implementation strategy for a marginal field operator in Gulf of Guinea. Collaborative Work Environment solutions are not really new to the oil and gas industry, as it has been widely implemented and embedded by major oil and gas companies in different regions around the world. However, what that is really novel are the challenges of implementation by marginal field operators. The challenges in implementing Collaborative Work Environment by marginal field operators includes; high-cost relative to the asset financial base and importantly the need for ‘visible’ benefit of intelligent oil field solutions linked to the business objective of the small operator. This paper aims to highlight an effective business strategy of implementing intelligent oil field by a marginal field operator by using procedure of comparing a case study during a well workover operation against standard implementation strategy by the major oil and gas companies. The benefits of the Collaborative Work Environment were clearly ‘visible’ leveraging on the real-time support from the office to the field using the Collaborative Work Environment technology, facility and processes. The immediate ‘visible’ benefit of Collaborative Work Environment strategy during the well intervention operation included; faster team decision-making and situational awareness collaboration with remote location using intelligent oil field capabilities. This experience provided a novel platform for developing an asset-specific intelligent oil field implementation and embedment strategy for the marginal field or small exploration and production operators in environment similar to the Gulf of Guinea. The recommendations from this paper will form a quick reference tool and assist in developing Collaborative Work Environment implementation and embedment strategy for small oil and gas field operators globally.

A Collaborative Virtual Environment or CVE is a distributed, virtual reality that is designed to support collaborative activities. As such, CVEs provide a potentially infinite, graphically realised digital landscape within which multiple users can interact with each other and with simple or complex data representations. CVEs are increasingly being used to support collaborative work between geographically separated and between collocated collaborators. CVEs vary in the sophistication of the data and embodiment representations employed and in the level of interactivity supported. It is clear that systems which are intended to support collaborative activities should be designed with explicit consideration of the tasks to be achieved and the intended users' social and cognitive characteristics. In this paper, we detail a number of existing systems and applications, but first discuss the nature of collaborative and cooperative work activities and consider the place of virtual reality systems in supporting such collaborative work. Following this, we discuss some future research directions.

In this paper, we propose an open 3D shared space construction scheme based on the concept of symbiotic computing which we have been promoting. Existing 3D collaborative work supporting systems have some limitations with their 3D shared space construction and inter-application cooperation because these systems are basically closed nature. To break these limitations, we are developing symbiotic collaborative work supporting system which can effectively support remote collaborative work. Our scheme enables us to easily and flexibly build collaborative work environment by reusing and combining space definitions and applications designed by the general public such as WWW environment. In addition, we describe design and implementation of a prototype system, and confirm feasibility of our proposed scheme through experiments by using the prototype system.

This article investigates how the Theory of Organizational Action can improve work processes and management in the Integrated Subsystem for Employee Health Care (SIASS), focusing on employee behavior, organizational culture, and interactions between individual and collective actions. The research demonstrates that the principles of this theory can be applied to strengthen occupational health management in SIASS, highlighting the role of individual and organizational action, as well as social interactions in creating a more collaborative and efficient work environment. The results indicate that the Theory of Organizational Action offers a deeper understanding of internal dynamics, highlighting the need to align individual behaviors with institutional and collective objectives, aiming at optimizing management processes. In addition, the approach allows identifying critical points and opportunities for improvement in occupational health practices, contributing to a healthier and more productive work environment. The study recommends that future research carry out comparative analyses between different SIASS units, to expand the practical evaluation of theoretical concepts and provide support for the development of more effective management strategies, adapted to the specificities of each unit that makes up the SIASS network.

In a web-based Collaborative Working Environment (CWE), people’s activities are principally concentrated in the group shared work space. Any collaborative interactions could leave a series of collaborative traces. Based on our proposed concept Collaborative Trace and the corresponding Model, this chapter addresses the issue related to exploit and reuse the collaborative traces in consideration of supporting the group collaboration work in different aspects. In this process, obviously, some complex filters are required to extract more potential information both from the trace set and the data base. They can be defined by the rules according to the practical collaboration object and the application formalism. Furthermore, a general traces exploitation framework is introduced and implemented in CWE with a comprehensive case: the traces based SWOT Analysis.

The psychological contract as a manifestation of employment relationship needs to touch the motivational aspect of employees in line with the increasingly intense competition in recruiting and maintaining the talented worker, especially the millenial generation that currently occupies the largest portion of the workforce. Work characteristics and values of the millennial generation affect the dynamics of psychological contract management that has become more focused on flexibility and employability skill development. Millenial workers—motivated to develop professional competence—tend to like collaborative work environments. Based on the social constructivist paradigm, organizations can facilitate learning process of millennial workers through social interaction. The process of sharing knowledge becomes the focus of millenial workers in order to improve decision-making ability, problem solving and communication building. The social constructivist approach becomes relevant in managing psychological contracts in the context of millennial workers, especially in encouraging their participation and contribution as a form of self-esteem fulfillment and self-actualization. This chapter presents practical implications of millenial worker collective activity in developing millennial worker knowledge, especially related to the organizational efforts in building learning culture. In addition, human resource practitioners are expected to be able to gain a valuable guidance in devising strategies to maintain millenial workers by focusing on building professional and social competence. There are also mentoring guidelines for career development based on millenial worker characteristics.

ABSTRACTSituated learning is based on the premise that action is grounded in the concrete situation and the specific circumstances in which it occurs. Such situatedness involves translation students working with authentic projects and developing professional skills, as translation needs to be undertaken within a particular framework where translators interact with colleagues and use tools for problem-solving tasks. In profession-oriented approaches to translator education, situated learning encourages the construction of new knowledge upon real-life working environments, which have evolved towards multimodal collaborative work scenarios which, in turn, simulate real-life workplaces. In order to help trainee translators develop instrumental and professional competences, we present an experimental study aimed at measuring students’ academic performance in a project-based role play translation task. The study involves students using Web 2.0 tools for the translation of authentic texts on the basis of a realistic translation commission. The results point to a highly positive attitude of students towards Web 2.0 tools. Students found them very useful, interaction among team members was facilitated, and learning performance showed a significant improvement, with students feeling more confident, autonomous and encouraged by facing a realistic situation.

More and more distributed collaboration behavior needed more information communication and transmission among cooperators in collaborative work. As a special type of distributed collaborative work, collaborative awareness should be paid more attention in mobile collaboration. In the mobile collaboration work process, we should not only describe the static organization, actor, and object, but take into count the dynamic location and behavior information in mobile collaborative environment. To resolve the complex system problem of dynamic, open and social characteristics of mobile collaboration work. We introduced the concept of collaborative agent. The belief desire and intention BDI architecture system is used to achieve the awareness and control function in various stage of collaboration process. In addition, the KQML communication primitive language was extended with speech-act theory to formally define the proper speech-acts in collaboration work, in order to support collaboration work on the base of communication layer.