A Group Decision-Making Method for Selecting Cloud Computing Service Model

Cloud computing consists of three fundamental service models: infrastructure-as-a-service, platform-as-a service and software-as-a-service. The technology “cloud computing” comprises four deployment models: public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud and community cloud. This chapter describes the six cloud service and deployment models, the association each of these services and models have with physical/virtual networks. Cloud service models are designed to power storage platforms, infrastructure solutions, provisioning and virtualization. Cloud computing services are developed to support shared network resources, provisioned between physical and virtual networks. These solutions are offered to organizations and consumers as utilities, to support dynamic, static, network and database provisioning processes. Vendors offer these resources to support day-to-day resource provisioning amid physical and virtual machines.

Cloud computing is a new computing model which uses virtualization technology, distributed computing, parallel computing and other existing technologies to achieve cloud service virtualization and economies of scale, whilst increasingly overwhelming cloud security issues has brought great challenges and concerns to the cloud services providers and cloud users, especially trust and privacy issues with regard to cloud computing and cloud shared storage associated security issues. In the paper, we expound the basic concepts of cloud computing, deployment models, service models and key features, analyze and outline the currently highlighted cloud security issues, report the status quo of cloud computing security, investigate the prevalent and typical cloud computing security problem key solving techniques, and thus render a comprehensive cloud computing security technical reference model, which is composed of associated cloud security solving techniques that result from inevitably multi-faceted cloud security issues. The model is expected to alleviate prominent cloud security issues. This paper generalizes cloud security technology research directions and further development space of cloud security technology and standardization.KeywordsCloud computingSecurity issuesTrusted cloud computing solving techniquesShared storage security solving techniquesCloud security technical reference model

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way businesses and organizations deploy and manage IT infrastructure. The three primary models of cloud services, namely Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), offer distinct approaches to managing computing resources and applications. SaaS delivers fully functional applications over the internet, removing the need for internal software management and hardware resources. PaaS provides a platform for developers to build and deploy applications without managing the underlying hardware and software layers. IaaS, on the other hand, offers virtualized computing resources over the internet, allowing businesses to rent infrastructure on-demand without the need for physical hardware. This paper compares these three models of cloud service delivery, evaluating their benefits, limitations, and suitability for various organizational needs. We analyze factors such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, customization capabilities, and security to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each model. Furthermore, this research examines the challenges faced by businesses when selecting the appropriate cloud service model and the impact of such decisions on organizational performance. This comparison will help organizations make informed choices regarding cloud adoption and identify the model that aligns best with their specific business goals. Ultimately, the paper aims to guide IT managers and decision-makers in understanding the nuances of SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS, and making optimal decisions that enhance business efficiency and competitive advantage.

Cloud computing, undoubtedly, has become the buzzword in the IT industry today. Looking at the potential impact it has on numerous business applications as well as in our everyday life, it can certainly be said that this disruptive technology is here to stay. Many of the features that make cloud computing attractive, have not just challenged the existing security system, but have also revealed new security issues. This paper provides an insightful analysis of the existing status on cloud computing security issues based on a detailed survey carried by the author. It also makes an attempt to describe the security challenges in Software as a Service (SaaS) model of cloud computing and also endeavors to provide future security research directions.

The cloud computing has acquired a great deal of attraction, the possibility for minimizing over and under provisioningthrough enabling a flexible sharing resource and allocation is still large. In this article, a complete analysis towards development ofmigration method from on premise to cloud will be presented. First we define cloud computing that includes three service models;platform, infrastructure, and software as a service over a network connection. This work demonstrates the issues which the decisionmakers are facing in the case of evaluating the feasibility of the migration legacy system in organization into cloud computing.Furthermore, describes our technology toolkit, which has developed to support this process. The efficiency of the proposed technologytoolkit has being evaluated under testing as a case study that is exploring options to choosing deployment and cloud service models.

Cloud computing is still in the stage of rapid development. So in this article the origin and concept of cloud computing will be summarized in detail, the character, basic structure of the cloud computing and its application and impact in each field will be analyzed strongly. In the cloud computing environment, the construction and service of digital library has changed greatly. The cloud storage based on digital library,the digital library infrastructure integration and construction based on cloud service, and even the library automation based on cloud computing, all of these need to research deeply in library field in the cloud computing. Besides,the changes of digital library service model based on cloud computing are also the one of the important content. In this article three kinds of service model is proposed:personalized cloud platform service model based on the needs of the users, user active push-service model and sharing cloud platform service model. Structure model is designed respectively, the working process and model of service model is explained, and their application scope is analyzed in this article.

Today cloud technologies and their applications are implementing in various ICT infrastructures. It has led to increased attention to the problems of cyber threats, the growth of which is inseparably linked with the growth of ICT. In this paper the analysis of the existing models, systems and methods for cyber threats detection was carried out for their disadvantages defining. A model of cloud service has been developed; it allows to ensure the security of cloud service based on cloud computing and conduct appropriate simulations. Improved method for cyber threats detection has been developed, it allows to detect cyber threats in cloud services and classify them. The developed method was experimentally investigated using NSL-KDD data base as well as simulation tools RStudio and CloudSim. It was proved the correctness of its work and the possibility of application in cloud services as well as increase efficiency of cloud system security by 48.02%. In addition, a cloud service model has been developed that can be used to build cloud services based on the various cloud computing architecture. In the future, based on the proposed method and model, appropriate tools for detecting and classifying cyber threats in cloud services can be developed. It is significant because it can be autonomous functional unit of SIEM as well as other instrumental tools of CSIRT/SOC.KeywordsInformation technologyCloud ServiceInformation securityCyber threatDetectionIdentificationNSL-KDD

Accessing data from social networks using cloud computing has been adopted by many IT enthusiasts. It allows easy access to data and easy sending of data for communication purposes. For many social network users, cloud computing can simplify processes and save time and money. This article defines cloud computing and shows how one can quickly, safely and easily access data. It also discusses how cloud computing solutions could be beneficial to libraries in these basic areas: technology and acquisition.Today’s more libraries and social networks are joining the cloud. But despite the numerous social networks and data acquisition sites demand for data are still escalating—as they always will. To be able to access data conveniently today’s data competitiveness users of search engines must carefully scrutinize various libraries as well as social media to ensure that they match key data and communication needs and deliver intended results in the most efficient and cost-effective way. To meet these challenges, IT organizations are increasingly moving away from a device-centric view of IT, to a view that is application-, information- and people-centric. Cloud computing aligns with this new world view. Cloud computing technology is enabling IT to do more with the infrastructure that already exists, as well as adding new ways to expand capacity quickly and economically by using external cloud computing resources. This technology is enabling IT managers to treat infrastructure as a common substrate on which they can provision services to users faster in a much more flexible and cost-effective way –without having to re-design or add to the underlying infrastructure. Given the benefits of cloud computing, its broad appeal is not surprising. However, this new approach does raise some concerns. Chief among them is securing data in the cloud. This white paper will briefly review the basic fundamentals of cloud computing and describe how virtualization are enabling enterprises to move toward a flexible, federated computing model with a cohesive mix of private external and internal cloud environments. It then discusses the security implications of cloud computing and provides insights into addressing them, and offers a view of security best practices to adopt when considering cloud services.Cloud computing has become an increasingly popular means of delivering valuable, IT-enabled business services. Adopting cloud technology can be an affordable way to get access to a dynamically scalable, virtualized computing environment. Optimal IT hardware, software, expertise and infrastructure management resources that may not otherwise be available from a cost perspective can be rapidly deployed and easily scaled. Processes, applications and services can be available on demand, regard-less of the user location or device. The cloud provider is responsible for the environment, so organizations can make use of resources for short periods of time without having to maintain the environment when it is not being used. While cloud computing models are attractive because of their flexibility and cost effectiveness, certain challenges must be addressed in order to provide a viable option to traditional data services. First and foremost is the issue of security. The externalized aspect of outsourcing can make it harder to maintain data integrity and privacy, support data and service availability, demonstrate compliance, and secure highly available access to applications and information. In short, cloud computing can present an added level of risk. Organizations must therefore establish trust relationships with their cloud computing providers and understand risk in terms of how these providers implement, deploy, and manage security on their behalf. Whether delivered as part of the service or as specific components added in, your cloud provider should address the fundamentals of security and risk management through a comprehensive approach.

In this paper we discuss the evolvement of cloud computing paradigm and present a framework for secure cloud computing through IT auditing. Our approach is to establish a general framework using checklists by following data flow and its lifecycle. The checklists are made based on the cloud deployment models and cloud services models. The contribution of the paper is to understand the implication of cloud computing and what is meant secure cloud computing via IT auditing rather than propose a new methodology and new technology to secure cloud computing. Our holistic approach has strategic value to those who are using or consider using cloud computing because it addresses concerns such as security, privacy and regulations and compliance.

Cloud computing is the use of computer hardware or virtual advances to shape a shared infrastructure that provides a user with many online value-added services. Understanding cloud services is important when choosing a suitable business arrangement that balances the required capabilities with reduced hardware costs, configuration and maintenance. The three prevailing service models in cloud computing are software, infrastructure and platform. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is the utilization of servers to provide utility services, for example, services for clients. Platform as a service (PaaS) suppliers give admittance to APIs that allow supporters of applications without installing or designing the advancement condition. Software as a service (SaaS) provides subscribed clients with access to software located on the cloud and not on the client's device. Mobile devices are becoming the main players in the service today. Classic client and server-based mobile models cannot meet the developing needs of mobile clients for a variety of good services. The cloud allows mobiles to download complex mobile apps that are not feasible on mobile devices alone. Cloud computing has overcome many challenges to prove its many advantages for organizations, such as the association between heterogeneous networks and working gatherings. Nevertheless challenges remain, and security, privacy and cloud integrity are crucial. Future models should enhance the characteristics of the current model without endangering it. This chapter reviews security threats to the cloud and provides an overview of mobile cloud computing services and key performance models.

Edge computing is a technique of optimizing cloud computing systems by performing data processing at the edge of the network, near the source of the data in the systems. And, cloud computing is a service that delivers on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity or expansion, which is trending in today's technology-driven world. With the advantage of flexibility, storage, sharing, and easy accessibility, cloud is being used by major players in IT (information technology). This chapter highlights cloud/edge computing architecture and its current issues and challenges from technological and organizational aspects. A brief introduction of edge computing architecture with similar technologies along with its service models is discussed. A few counterexamples of cloud computing architecture are showed. Organizational aspects of cloud computing architecture, as well as IBM and Oracle reference cloud architecture, are briefly presented. Some emerging issues and challenges associated with cloud/edge computing on its utilization are also elaborated.

This paper introduces the architecture design of Beijing digital school system which describes specific functions and modules of five layers, i.e. the interface layer, the application layer, the support layer, the data layer and the base layer. Beijing digital school system contains mobile digital school and web digital school. The article presents the architecture design of the mobile platform and the web platform. Improve resource utilization through dynamic migration mechanisms, and use Honey bee forager algorithm to optimize resource allocation. Cloud computing is a business computing model. The low cost, efficient, virtualized, highly scalable and versatile features meet the needs of this system. Through the architecture design of the mobile platform and web platform,combined with the cloud service model, cloud computing infrastructure and technologies ,implement the cloud-based Beijing digital school system.

It is expected that computing services will increasingly be accessed as another utility a similar way to other services such as water, electricity, telephone or gas. Many organizations including government deliver their services through information and communication technology (ICT) tools including e-government. Cloud computing is a relatively new way of providing services over the internet. In this research in-depth interviews of Australian councils’ IT managers were conducted with the aim of providing insights into the perceived benefits of cloud computing adoption. Also, survey data from 480 IT staff across 47 local councils were collected to confirm the findings of the exploratory stage. The research indicated that cloud computing is seen to offer many benefits that are identified in the research literature; additional anticipated benefits emerged which related to reduced level of risk, remote access, reduce staff, and time efficiencies. The findings of this research may help IT managers and top management evaluate possible adoption by increasing their understanding about anticipated benefit which will encourage them when planning or decided to adopt cloud computing.

For the increasingly prominent problems of wind turbine maintenance, using edge cloud collaboration technology to construct wind farm equipment operation and maintenance framework is proposed, digital twin is used for fault prediction and diagnosis. Framework consists of data source layer, edge computing node layer, public or private cloud. Data source layer solves acquisition and transmission of wind turbine operation and maintenance data, edge computing node layer is responsible for on-site data cloud computing, storage and data transmission to cloud computing layer, receiving cloud computing results, device driving and control. The cloud computing layer completes the big data calculation and storage from wind farm, except that, based on real-time data records, continuous simulation and optimization, correct failure prediction mode, expert database and its prediction software, and edge node interaction and shared intelligence. The research explains that wind turbine uses digital twin to do fault prediction and diagnosis model, condition assessment, feature analysis and diagnosis, life prediction, combining with the probabilistic digital twin model to make the maintenance plan and decision-making method.

With the rapid development of national economy, our demand for power resources has also increased rapidly. The traditional power grid can not be achieved operational status of equipment for effective monitoring and control, we will not be able to ensure the quality and quality of electricity service. Cloudbased build smart grid information platform enables gathering the parameter of grid operation state, greatly increasing the economic efficiency of power enterprises. Firstly, cloud computing and smart grid briefly described, and then pointed out that cloud computing applications in the smart grid information platform, and specialized of cloud-based smart grid information platform, in order for the power grid enterprises to enhance their level of service and provide effective reference. KEYWORD: cloud computing; smart power grids; information platform; Application 4th International Conference on Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (MMME 2016) © 2016. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 202 3 THE MAIN PROBLEM IS STILL THE SMART GRID INFORMATION PLATFORM FACING The transition to a cloud computing data center. Our data center because of the different regions and the degree of information presents different characteristics, some data centers already have a basic cloud computing capabilities, but most data centers still remain in the initial level, to ensure the normal operation of the existing data center power under the premise, gradual transition to cloud computing data center in order to meet future requirements of the development of smart grid. Restricting data transmission problem. State Grid Corporation between provincial branches and there are a lot of data needs to be transmitted, will bring massive data transmission efficiency decreases, taking into account the load balancing device between the cloud node, thus building a wide area network channels to resolve data transmission problem. Security of data transmission. Data Center for Cloud Computing power companies to build internal private cloud, capable of self-maintenance and management, system wide area network data transmission services, according to the third security zone defined security partition, and install proprietary equipment production area and external public network isolation . 4 CLOUD COMPUTING APPLICATIONS IN THE SMART GRID INFORMATION POLICY PLATFORM Integrate and optimize the management of heterogeneous resources. Among the smart grid systems, data resources, information systems between various platforms and mutually dispersed, severe heterogeneity, thus leading to the integration of the quality of information sharing to increase difficulty, unable to effectively improve network management efficiency for the power distribution system electrical work quality management and marketing operations system maintenance upgrade will not be able to effectively meet demand (Jie Yang, 2014). Cloud computing technology enables the power system to effectively integrate the various business data and computing resources on the basis of information for business collaboration platform built on effective, able to satisfy the huge demand for smart grid information resource sharing. Cloud computing network virtualization and application virtualization technology, the server virtualization technology and other resources to achieve each service abstraction, and then realize the difference between the system and the software effectively eliminated by the appropriate method to achieve the effective integration of information resources, and then to optimize the management, greatly improving the efficiency of heterogeneous resources management applications. Distributed storage and management of large volume of data. After application of smart grid information platform construction, customer service requests varied, huge data volume information brought it to the storage and management of data provides a great challenge. Cloud computing technology in general face amount of data each smart grid system and unit collected using forms distributed storage of data to achieve the effective storage, greatly to ensure the security and reliability of data storage. GFS effective use of technology with each node, the master server is responsible for the effective management of the whole file system, the file system and complete the work of the metadata stored in the data block is the main server for data storage block sliced, and by saving three or more redundant backup storage. At the same time, client access and complete access to the main block server information. Fast Power System Parallel Computation and Treatment. Smart grids and information platform for the large volume of data to provide stable operation of the power grid data base, but more critical is the analysis and design of each system operating data, planning and decision-making, and even failures and transient stability, state estimation and intelligent a variety of computing and content analysis and decision-making process, its huge computing needs, general computing system can not reach its goal (Wang, Mengxue, 2015). Cloud computing technology through parallel computing technology has greatly enhanced parallel processing capability of the power system, which provides parallel programming model makes more simple and efficient parallel algorithms. MapReduce as Google made an important parallel programming model, and its role in large data sets in parallel computing plays a very prominent. Parallel processing job results by the client to achieve effective user submitted, via decomposition automated master role, the corresponding task scheduling to working nodes and nodes work completed by the specific calculations and perform the appropriate task. 5 SMART GRID INFORMATION PLATFORM CLOUD COMPUTING ANALYSIS Cloud Computing Smart Grid Information Platform Architecture. Smart grid technology information platform architecture cloud computing include the following several levels and aspects (Yan Cui, 2015): First, that the platform infrastructure layer is the integration of the various hardware resources and related management capabilities of virtualized using virtual technology to achieve the corresponding hardware devices such as computers and network storage devices abstraction, and then complete the automation and optimization of resource data and load management; secondly, the main platform for the integration of the various layers of software