A Linguistic-Pragmatic Study on Collocations in Business Media Discourse

The given research is carried out within the framework of modern discourse analysis. The aim of the work is to highlight the ontological features of the English magical discourse. The material of the study was specialized websites presented on the Internet. The work uses such research methods as descriptive and contextual-interpretative. Magic discourse is a part of occult discourse which can be considered in three aspects: ontological, epistemological, and axiological. There are numerous web pages dedicated to various theoretical and applied aspects of magic on the Internet. The target audience is both professionals engaged in magic, and the general public of readers who, with the help of the instructions, can perform a certain ritual, cast a spell, etc. on their own. They are divided into thematic blocks, for example, witchcraft, crystals, divination, tarot, which mostly have a manipulative nature and are built according to the principle of typical instructional texts on the Internet using lexical units with positive connotations: best, peace, love, joy, great. Spells presented on the site are built on different stylistic devices that create the necessary atmosphere.

Appraisal theory is a new development of the interpersonal meaning in systematic functional linguistics. In recent years, the appraisal theory has been widely used in different genres to study whether and how slightly different appraisal methods are used in them. However, analysis of English song discourse with the appraisal theory is rare. Therefore, based on the attitude meaning in the appraisal theory the author analyzes several English song discourses. Through analysis of characteristics of the distribution of attitude resources in the English discourse it aims to find language feature in the English song discourse so as to make readers understand the emotion expressed by the author of the song discourse and the importance of the attitude meaning of the appraisal theory in building interpersonal relations between the author of the song discourse and readers.

This study explores the stylistic features of legal discourse in Pakistani criminal law, specifically through a register analysis of Supreme Court verdicts. The use of special vocabulary, sentence constructions and style of writing has been seen to make the legal language complex, rigid and closed-ended. Such complications in Pakistan impact transparency and accessibility since most of the English-written legal texts in the country are dominated by the Islamic and British traditions of law. The paper analyses the role of language in the formation of legal authority, the impartiality of the court, and the clarity of interpretation in Supreme Court of Pakistan decisions. The theoretical framework is premised on the stylistic and register analysis model by Halliday (1978) and Fairclough (1995), which aids in explaining how the social context and legal role influence language. The qualitative analysis focuses on the review of 12 verdicts of the English Supreme Court that can be regarded as the best examples of formal legal language in Pakistan because of their judicial authority and thoroughness. The selection of these judgements was due to the reason that they represent the most institutionalised and formal legal language in Pakistan. The results indicate that epistemic certainties, depersonalised agents, and integrations of verdicts into a network of intertextual precedents can be predicted by stylistic choices as a means of supporting the validity of judicial rulings. The research paper adds to the analysis of legal discourse through illustrating the use of register as an authority-making mechanism in postcolonial legal settings. The paper finds that the stylistic devices used are no longer ornamental but functional: they convey legal meaning, organise judicial reasoning, and promote the interpretation clarity of complex legal terms.

The article examines derivational neologisms (including occasionalisms) identified as a result of analysing texts obtained from a popular internet forum. These coinages constitute a local subsystem, namely a word family where the base word is the onym daland. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to clarify the distinctive features of internet discourse as a dynamically developing linguistic object which reflects active processes in modern Russian word-formation. The research aims to identify the structural, semantic, and stylistic features of the system of onym-based neoderivatives (as well as the individual components of the system) in conjunction with the fulfillment of specific communicative-pragmatic objectives. The study was conducted using descriptive, structural-semantic, semantic- stylistic, structural-functional, and functional-stylistic analysis. As a result of examining the empirical material, the analysed word family was found to include mainly word-formation pairs. Short word-formation chains are less common. However, many of them are organised into word-formation clusters. Suffixation, compounding proper, and blending demonstrate a significant degree of productivity. Prefixes, suffixoids, linguistic contamination, as well as a combination of linguistic contamination and blending are employed somewhat less frequently. Other methods are rare. The use of the above-mentioned methods is often accompanied by stylistic devices, the major one being stylistic inconsistency (stylistic contrast). The semantic-stylistic features of word-formation units (word-formation methods, specific word-formation patterns and affixes) enable internet users to emphasise conceptually significant features of phenomena being named, as well as to express their attitudes towards such phenomena. Thematic semantic groups of derivatives ("Life stance", "Similarity", "Attitude (assessment)", and others) reveal a connection with relevant aspects of discussions. Consequently, the word family can be viewed as a form of reflecting the surrounding reality and, in particular, the image of a particular internet user.

This thesis deals with the different devices to coin new words in English for Architecture in order to do a description of the main lexical features of arhitetcure discourse in English from the perspective of English for Specific Purposes with a contribution of a trilingual glossary in English, Spanish and Galician.

The article deals with the analysis of semantic compression application in popular English talk shows. The purpose of this paper is to define language compression, to outline the expediency of its use in English media discourse, to name ways of compression implementation in popular talk shows and to consider the level of influence of principle of linguistic efforts economy on achieving communicative goals between interlocutors. Basic information on the concept of linguistic compression and features of its use at different language levels, in particular phonetic, morphological, lexical, semantic and syntactic is presented. Linguistic compression is used in oral and written discourse, in formal and informal texts. The text gives valuable information on the structure and characteristics of media discourse, its grammatical, lexical and phonetic features. The article focuses on a detailed analysis of the main linguistic means that serve to reduce the symbolic structure of language, which leads to the brevity of expression, contains the data on key properties of linguistic compression that help make the text more concise. Special attention is paid to the phonetic methods of linguistic compression in English talk shows: it is manifested through such means as reduction, assimilation, loss, fusion and other processes. Among the syntactic means of compression, such methods used for linguistic efforts economy as contamination, segmentation and parceling, ellipse, univerbation, abbreviation, composite words, inclusion and use of foreign words or components are analyzed. The article points out the importance of adequate transfer of information with preservation of expressive nuances and observance of stylistic language norms. The article is of interest for further researches on the topic of linguistic efforts economy in oral and written speech styles, can be used in researches in linguistics, lexicology, phonetics.

The article deals with the analysis of language means in modern business English discourse. The material under study is a set of the podcast headings borrowed from the Wharton business school collection of thematic groups such as «Leadership», «Management», «Innovation», «Finance», «Marketing». The results of the research show that persuasive headings constitute the main part of the total body of the headings. Their aim is to attract the addressees’ attention and encourage them to read or listen to the podcasts. Regardless of the thematic group, language means include the following: the use of a punctuation mark, such as the colon that specifies the information contained in the first part of the title, in combination with such stylistic devices as metaphor, antithesis, metonymy, allusion and alliteration. Affirmative and interrogative sentences with «wh – words» and a functional word «how» come second in the frequency of usage, they do not only put a question but also give an answer to it.

This study investigates the role of metaphorical framing in public climate discourse and its influence on public understanding, emotional engagement, and policy orientation. Using the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), the research analyzes a corpus of media articles, institutional reports, and policy documents to identify and classify dominant conceptual metaphors, such as “climate as a threat,” “adaptive response,” “economic investment,” and “health risk”, etc. The findings show that metaphors serve not only as stylistic devices but as powerful cognitive and rhetorical tools that simplify complex environmental processes, evoke emotional responses, and strengthen ideological positions. The most frequent models – “threat/crisis” and “adaptive response” – reflect the tension between urgency and resilience in contemporary climate communication. Less common metaphors, such as “structural weakening” or “geographical shift,” highlight systemic vulnerabilities and may become more prominent in future climate justice discussions. The paper also explores how different metaphor models resonate emotionally and ideologically, depending on the context and audience. It suggests that certain metaphors may inspire proactive behavior, while others risk causing fear or apathy. By comparing metaphor usage across genres, the study emphasizes the need for customized communication approaches that suit the specific needs and characteristics of different audiences. The research concludes that carefully chosen, context-specific metaphors can improve the clarity and effectiveness of climate messaging across scientific, political, and media domains. Recommendations are made for responsible metaphor use in policymaking, education, and journalism to support more inclusive discourse on climate adaptation and sustainability.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the features of the use of periphrastic names of various countries in modern media texts, identify the names that are relevant to native speakers and are becoming obsolete, determine the specifics of figurative names for individual countries, and describe the linguistic phenomena involved. Methods . The study uses continuous sampling, language observation, contextual analysis, lexical-semantic analysis, data systematization, and generalization. The results of the study show that periphrastic nominations of countries are used in modern media discourse as a means of secondary nomination of objects, which allows the reader to influence their perception through evaluation. Periphrastic nominations of countries indicate their geographical features, geopolitical status, distinctive characteristics of their inhabitants, and the values they promote. Conclusion . Modern media texts allow us to identify current figurative designations of countries that are frequently used, as well as outdated units. There are phenomena of poly-nominative periphrases (in relation to the most significant countries in the context of the media agenda) and their polysemy. The use of toponymic periphrases for Russia and the USSR reflects the process of rethinking the legacy of the Soviet era; figurative designations from the Soviet period are becoming obsolete, and there is a lack of current designations for the country. A characteristic feature of the periphratic naming of China and Japan is the use of self-designations. The transformation of generallanguage periphrases in the process of constructing an utterance allows for the revitalization of their imagery and the introduction of new semantic shades, which is achieved through the expansion of the components, the contamination of combinations, the construction of a new periphratic turn based on an existing model, the development of metaphors, and the creation of linguistic play.

Aim. Based on the materials of the soundscape in English in the form of videos of the public speeches of some major figures in the field of the business activity and representatives of the small and medium-sized companies, to determine the basic communication strategies and translation, some national specific features of the English business-discourse and to identify cases and conditions of the interpenetration of some communication strategies.Methodology. The study is carried out within the framework of comparative linguistics and currently topical communicative and pragmatic approach. The analysis of theoretical works on the discursive topics was carried out, the existing definitions of some communicative strategies and tactics were clarified. General scientific techniques and special linguistic research methods are used in the study: dialectical method, general linguistic methods – descriptive and comparative – semantic and contextual analysis, as well as linguistic and cultural characteristics.Results. The systematization of the communicative strategies was carried out and their review within the framework of the discursive practice was compiled. The classification bases of communication strategies, nationally specific features of the English business discourse were determined, the cases and conditions of the interpenetration of the communication strategies were revealed and analyzed.Research implications. The theoretical value lies in the clarification of the definition of “communicative strategy” and “communicative tactics” and the phenomenon of the so-called “hybrid strategies”

Just how unethical is American business?

The article describes distinctive features of a film review as a speech genre which is now one of the most popular genres of the mass media net discourse. The article proves its intertextual character and analyses its lexical and semantic features. Film reviews taken from the following sources: sites of cinema goers: www.imdb.com, www.empireonline.com, www.pluggedin.com ; official sites of film critics (e.g. R. Ebert) https://www.rogerebert.com; official sites of the newspapers: The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/reviews/movies, The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/film+tone/reviews and other sites: https://www.imdb.com/search/keyword/?keywords=movie-review, https://www.pluggedin.com/movie-reviews/. The material for analysis comprises about 100 film reviews released in 2020. The reviews are in open access in the Internet. The volume of the analysed material is about 200 pages. The method used to achieve the main objective is interpretation analysis of film reviews. As a result of the theoretical material analysis main directions in the genre research were specified; key distinctive features of a film review were studied. The actuality of the research is determined by the rising interest to net mass media discourse genres. The main objective is to elicit and describe lexical and semantic features of film reviews as a speech genre. The conducted research made it possible to prove the interdiscoursive and poly-discoursive nature of the genre in question and to systematize its lexical and semantic features. The analysis disclosed that intertextuality of a film review is actualized in the interaction of three types of discourse: that of the critic, that of the film and that of other people. Poly-discoursive nature of a film review is expressed through the combination of publicistic, literary and scientific styles features. Another important characteristic is evaluativity represented in emotionally coloured vocabulary. Among other lexical and semantic features are the following: usage of non-specific terms, cliches, rhetorical questions with precedent names, intertextual inserting, various stylistic devices, among which epithets and metaphors are most often used. It’s been observed that a film review is filled with bookish vocabulary as well as stylistically low words and expressions.

Discourse features in Hong Kong English have not received much attention; for example, Bolton (2002a) includes chapters which deal with phonology (Hung 2000, reprinted in Bolton 2002a), grammar (Gisborne 2000, reprinted in Bolton 2002a) and lexis (Benson 2000, reprinted in Bolton 2002a), but there is no chapter on discourse. Nor is there much discussion in Bolton (2003), Kachru (2005) or Kachru and Nelson (2006), the latter two works looking at the broader context of Asian Englishes. One recent attempt to fill this gap is Wong (2007), which is an analysis of the forms and functions of question tags in the International Corpus of English, Hong Kong component (ICE-HK). Added to this are a number of corpus-based studies which compare the use of English discourse features between Hong Kong speakers and native speakers (Cheng and Warren 2001a, 2001b; Fung and Carter 2007b), but these studies do not presume a distinctive variety of Hong Kong English, generally referring to Hong Kong speakers as non-native speakers (NNS) or students, and their findings are not always consistent with our data. It may be more useful, therefore, to look at the discourse features which Deterding (2007) discusses in relation to Singapore English, as these may be relevant to Hong Kong English, given common substrate influence from Cantonese. Compared with discourse, there has been more discussion of vocabulary in Hong Kong English; see for example Benson (2000), Bolton (2003), Carless (1995), Chow (2001), Cummings (2007) and Taylor (1989). These studies draw their data from certain genres or kinds of discourse.

Features of English and Arabic legal discourse

The paper highlights the expediency problem of ESP linguistic component mastering by a student that provides content-language learning technology, professional communicative competence, terminological vocabulary realization as the important part of learners’ cognitive basis, integrated approach with sociocultural composite and pragmatic effectiveness; considered the productive building models of pharmaceutical lexico-semantic new notions; the regulating mechanisms from the inner professional language content working to the social rela-tion sphere. Scientific novelty. Proved that over the entire course of the ESL training following by the semantic lexical units studying concerning their usage in a world of English Pharmacy language get the very most from such educational methodology of practical knowledge implication.Conclusions. Defined that among the wide variety of cogni-tive characteristics of an individual the significant ones for the language acquisition process are her/his linguistic abilities skills to use in professional reading and actual communication.