A Localized Progressive Hedging Algorithm for Solving Nonmonotone Stochastic Variational Inequalities

Disrupted Toll-Like Receptor Signalling Of Intestinal Epithelium In Intestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease

The Feature of MALT1-A20-NF-κB Expression Pattern Provide Important Insights Into the Therapeutic Benefit for T-ALL

In this study, we obtained an exact high dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole solution in Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory. This AdS-like black hole can only exist with a linear functional potential of the bumblebee field. We found that the Smarr formula and the first law of black hole thermodynamics can still be constructed in this Lorentz symmetry breaking black hole spacetime, but the conceptions of the black hole horizon area/entropy and the volume inside the horizon should be renewed due to its anisotropy. We also found that two types of phase transition exist: small-large black hole phase transition and Hawking-Page phase transition, like those of the Schwarzschild AdS black hole. After Lorentz symmetry breaking, the black hole mass at the divergent point of heat capacity becomes small, and the Gibbs free energy of the meta-stable large black hole is also smaller, showing that the large stable black hole can be more easily formed.

The amount of the funds supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) played as an important role in judging the capabilities and tendency of scientific research.It is believed that the supporting rate of NSFC is promoted via scientific management policies.To explore the tendency and potential of scientific management plan in the first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,we analyze the projects supported by NSFC of our hospital from 2002 to 2011.Accordingly,our outcomes show the supporting rates of variable programs from NSFC were similar to the average for whole nation.The inspiring policies encourage our staff to put their passion on the scientific research and funding application.The quality of bidding documents for NSFC is partially improved by the suggestions and lecture of invited experts who took the charge of evaluation of funds from NSFC for actively guide,so as to increase goal average.Of note,a cohort of the researchers at the age below 45 did the main contribution to scientific research developing and programs application from NS-FC.Furthermore,we will pay more attention to reach 3 point following:1.the policy of matching fund to strengthen the competition of the researchers all over the nation.2.the policy of Integrated research resources for the major programs.3.further improvement of projects supervision. Key words: NSFC; Project Supervision

Lentiviral-mediated ho-1 gene transduced bone mesenchymal stem cells protects against acute graft-Versus-host disease in vitro and vivo

The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neurorehabilitation research in China. This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabilitation in China and worldwide. We used data from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to analyze the publications and data provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to analyze funding information. In addition, the prospects for neurorehabilitation research in China are discussed. From 2010 to 2022, a total of 74,220 publications in neurorehabilitation were identified, with there being an overall upward tendency. During this period, the National Natural Science Foundation of China has funded 476 research projects with a total funding of 192.38 million RMB to support neurorehabilitation research in China. With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, China has made some achievements in neurorehabilitation research. Research related to neurorehabilitation is believed to be making steady and significant progress in China.

FAK Inhibition Reduces Tumor Infiltration of Tregs via Restricting CCL5 Release and Boosts the Combination Therapy for BRAF ^V600E Mutant Colorectal Carcinoma

As an important part of earth sciences, marine sciences are closely related to economic and social development, marine security, and global change. They are a source of knowledge for earth system sciences, an important basis for sustainable development, and underpin strategies of maritime power. This paper summarizes trends in the development of marine sciences and their main challenges in China. It is important to establish a sound subdiscipline of marine sciences to carry out original work, to obtain basic theoretical data, and to innovate for future development. The paper describes the trends in marine science funding allocation, and details some of the leading national basic marine science research around the world to provide context for the development of marine sciences in China. The paper reviews the succession process of basic research funding allocation. The discipline application code system of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), as the important framework of NSFC funding, determines the development of marine science research. It must be continuously updated and developed in accordance with the rules of development and the requirements of social services. Accurately determining the application codes is essential for the NSFC to allocate funding appropriately. In the 1980s and 1990s, the marine sciences were divided into eight subdisciplines. In 2008, the NSFC carried out a large-scale revision, and the marine sciences were divided into the current 11 subdisciplines. The paper introduces a new application code system for marine sciences and describes its development process. In the last ten years, marine sciences have developed rapidly, and the previous application codes could not adapt to the current development and trends in marine science and technology. Under the unified deployment and guidance of the Department of Earth Sciences of the NSFC, the Oceanography Group launched a systematic demonstration and overall redesign of the application codes of marine sciences in 2018. The aim was to better reflect the systematization, completeness, and progressiveness of the marine sciences system in the new era, to guide the direction of marine science research, and to promote the interdisciplinary, balanced, and coordinated development of marine sciences. Combining “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches, the group further analyzed the trends in the development of marine science research and carried out a systematic critical review. Considering the current situation and the challenges in achieving the coordinated development of marine science and technology and its social impacts, the group proposed a new version of the system comprising 15 application codes, covering three directions of “Branch Discipline”, “Supporting Technology”, and “Development Field”. “Branch Discipline” comprises six codes: D0601 Physical oceanography, D0602 marine chemistry, D0603 marine geology and geophysics, D0604 biological oceanography and marine biological resources, D0605 marine ecology and environmental science, and D0606 estuarine and coastal science. “Supporting Technology” comprises three codes: D0607 Marine remote sensing, D0608 marine physics, and observation and detection technology, and D0609 marine data science and information system. “Development Field” comprises six codes: D0610 Marine system and global change, D0611 marine engineering and environmental effects, D0612 marine disasters, and disaster prevention and mitigation, D0613 marine energy and resources, D0614 coordinated sea and land development, and sustainable development, and D0615 polar science. The updated system is forward-looking, coordinated, logical, and consistent, and better supports China’s basic marine science and major national requirements. Last but not least, the paper describes the Shiptime Sharing Project to support the Open Cruise Program, as well as an international cooperation network established by the NSFC. The trends in the development of these projects and future prospects are also discussed. The revision of the application codes has comprehensively organized funding for marine sciences in the new era. The new codes specify directions for the development of marine technology, and provide a means for the implementation of the national marine strategy through funding allocation. Basic marine scientific research will be better served by this optimized NSFC marine funding allocation system.

In this paper, we consider -dimensional topological dilaton de Sitter black holes with a power-Maxwell field as thermodynamic systems. The thermodynamic quantities corresponding to the black hole horizon and the cosmological horizon are interrelated. Therefore, the total entropy of the space-time should be the sum of the entropies of the black hole horizon and the cosmological horizon plus a correction term which is produced by the association of the two horizons. We analyze the entropic force produced by the correction term at given temperatures, which is affected by the parameters and dimensions of the space-time. It is shown that the change of entropic force with the position ratio of the two horizons in some regions is similar to that of the variation of the Lennard-Jones force with the position of particles. If the effect of entropic force is similar to that of the Lennard-Jones force, and other forces are absent, the motion of the cosmological horizon relative to the black hole horizon should have an oscillating process. The entropic force between the two horizons is probably one of the participants in driving the evolution of the universe.

Objective To explore the lean management model for the application of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). Methods Under the framework of lean management, Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH) tapped potential through the earlier stage survey and policy guidance, focused on improving efficiency based on discipline and talent, curriculum service were also provided to bolster application quality. This paper reviewed the NSFC application situation of PUTH in 2014-2016 and compared with 2011-2013, summarized the management experience. Results All the indexes increased significantly during 2014-2016, also achieved a breakthrough in talent projects. Compared with 2011-2013, the application number of 2014-2016 increased by 34.8%, meanwhile, both the support number and amount of NSFC increased 44.2% and 111.6% respectively. We also achieved 71.8% growth and added 5 experts in high-end talent projects. Conclusions The lean management significantly improves the management efficiency, and we hope to make reference to other clinical hospitals in promoting basic research management. Key words: National Natural Science Foundation; Application management; Lean management,

BackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, and countries all over the world have given considerable support to lung cancer research. However, analysis on the status of funding in the field of lung cancer is still lacking.MethodsWe visited the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) official websites to gather lung cancer research information between 2008 and 2020. RSTCM6 software was used to extract the keywords of funded projects which were then imported into CiteSpace software for visual analysis of word frequency.ResultsA total of 1,745 and 5,939 search results were finally obtained from the NSFC and NIH websites, respectively. The amount of NSFC funding for projects in the field of lung cancer increased steadily from 2008 to 2012, while the NIH funding for lung cancer was significantly higher in even years than in odd years between 2008 to 2018. The Shanghai Jiaotong University, Sun Yat-sen University, and Guangzhou Medical University were the top three research institutions that had received the most projects funded by the NSFC. Apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, metabolism, the pathogenesis of lung cancer, cell signal transduction, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and immune-related research were the most frequently funded research areas by the NSFC. Biomarkers, targeted therapy, signal pathway, genomics, and immune-related research were funded most the most frequently funded research areas by the NIH. Both the NIH and NSFC funding for lung cancer immune-related research has increased in recent years.ConclusionsNIH funding in the United States is decreasing year by year, whereas NSFC funding is increasing in China. There are some differences in research focus in lung cancer research funding between China and the United States. However, both countries have increased the support for immune-related research in recent years.

Based on the project data and SCI output data of 5431 projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in oncology from 2008 to 2012, this paper took advantage of the Web of Science database, studied the number of papers published and the citations per paper of different research fields in oncology, different subcategories of projects, top 20 institutions funded by NSFC. Based on the study findings, we tried to make some suggestions for the funding agency, researchers, as well as research management personnel for increase the effectiveness of funding use, improve the administration work and policy-making concerns. Key words: NSFC; Oncology; Science citation index (SCI) papers; Statistical analysis,

Problem definition: Quick response is a classic operations strategy that allows a retailer to place a rapid replenishment order during the selling season using information learned from early sales. The benefits of quick response are widely studied in the literature under the condition that the manufacturer’s wholesale prices are exogenously given. Motivated by the practice of emerging small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) fashion brands, this paper revisits the value of quick response for a retailer when a manufacturer can strategically set its wholesale prices. Methodology/results: We develop a game-theoretic model consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. In contrast to the traditional quick response setting, the manufacturer can dynamically adjust wholesale prices for both regular and replenishment orders. First, we investigate whether and when quick response still benefits the retailer. We find that, under low or significantly high demand uncertainties, the firms share a common preferred ordering strategy, and quick response benefits the retailer as well as the supply chain. But, under moderately high demand uncertainty, the retailer’s favored ordering strategy conflicts with the manufacturer’s interest; as a result, the manufacturer would set wholesale prices to counter the retailer’s ordering strategy, which makes quick response detrimental to the retailer. Second, we search for mechanisms that can resolve this conflict and restore the beneficial effect of quick response. We show that letting the manufacturer commit to wholesale prices up front is ineffective in fixing the problem. However, if the retailer can propose a take-it-or-leave-it wholesale price for the replenishment order (possibly with the replenishment quantity) once the regular wholesale price is set, then quick response leads to a win–win outcome for both firms. Managerial implications: The findings caution retailers with weak power (e.g., SMEs) when adopting quick response, especially when facing moderately high demand uncertainties. The retailer, although weak, should be aware of the retailer’s natural ability to propose replenishment terms because, otherwise, the retailer can always forgo quick response; this opens up an opportunity to design more favorable arrangements. Funding: The work of J. Chen was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72171202, 72232007]; the work of Q. Hu was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72271057, 72091211]; the work of D. Shi was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72102205] and Shenzhen Stable Support Program for Higher Education Institutions; the work of F. Zhang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71929201, 72131004]. Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0561 .

Objective: To summarize the funding of scientific research projects on obstetrics and gynecology by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2007 to 2016 and to display the hotspots of scientific research on obstetrics and gynecology. Methods: A systemic search was performed for the information of projects supported by NSFC from 2007 to 2016. The indicators for analysis included the number of projects, total investment, project categories, research units and research field. The research direction of each project was decided based on title, summary and key words provided by the profile of each project. Results: The total investment on obstetrics and gynecology by NSFC was 23.214 million with a total of 82 projects in 2007. It increased year by year and reached the peak in 2014 (359 projects 208.990 million). The investment and number of projects remained stable after 2014. General projects (1 109 projects 608.000 million) formed the majority of projects. Youth science fund projects (1 035 projects 214.976 million) increased steadily and the number was nearly equal to general projects. There were only a small amount of key projects (20 projects 54.720 million) and major projects (7 projects 38.400 million). The investment varied in different research units. The greatest 10 units (less than 6% of total), including 7 comprehensive universities, 2 medical universities and 1 institute of medicine, got 1 113 projects invested (43.84% of total, 1 113/2 539). The hot areas like gynecological tumor (920 projects 350.615 million), hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (91 projects 37.470 million) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (77 projects 29.540 million) were more likely to receive investment, while some interdisciplinary science like maternal and child health (28 projects 12.050 million), imaging and biomedicine (37 projects 14.770 million) began to achieve attention in recent years. Conclusions: The number of researches invested will be increased for the scientific research in obstetrics and gynecology especially the areas of research focus, although the amount allocated for each will be decreased relatively. Besides, multidisciplinary work will be performed so as to develop obstetrics and gynecology of China to a high level.

Heme oxygenase-1 prevents heart against myocardial infarction by attenuating ischemic injury-induced cardiomyocytes senescence