A Multimodal Approach to Predict Social Media Popularity

Navigating Social Media in #Ophthalmology

The present study aims to investigate the language functionality in promotional and informational texts on social media within the Pakistani context. The primary focus is on exploring the distinctions between promotional and informational content on social media platforms. To achieve this objective, data is collected from 10 influential Facebook users in Pakistan, with a balanced representation of both informational and promotional content creators. The collected data forms a corpus, and an analysis is conducted using the Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT) as the chosen corpus tool. The theoretical framework for this research is based on Biber's (1988) first five dimensions. The results indicate marked differences in language functionality between informational and promotional texts. Across all dimensions proposed by Biber, particularly in Dimensions 1 and 2, there are similarities in the language features of both types of content, emphasizing a commonality in written and formal language use. However, variations are evident in Dimensions 3 and 5, where promotional texts exhibit a slightly more sophisticated language structure and a greater prevalence of spoken or interactive language. This study is valuable for researchers, marketers, and content producers seeking a deeper understanding of the linguistic shades in influencer marketing on social media platforms like Facebook. The findings contribute insightful information for those interested in navigating the complexities of language use in promotional and informational contexts on social networking sites.

Driven by the need to enhance user traffic on social media (SM) platforms for increasing their advertising revenues, SM platforms are experimenting with new content creation features. However, it is unclear if such initiatives are also beneficial for SM profile owners such as influencers, who are the prime content creators on the SM platforms who use SM posts to build their influence within their network of followers. Our study investigates the effect of introducing one such new SM feature: the “story” on the creation and consumption of SM posts. Leveraging social penetration theory, we hypothesize the influence of introducing story feature on (1) the frequency of SM post creation by profile owners and (2) the extent of follower engagement with SM posts. Employing a quasi-experimental design, we find that the introduction of the story feature reduces the frequency of SM post creation, but the enhanced self-disclosure through the story feature increases follower engagement with the SM posts. However, these effects are moderated by the situating culture of the SM communities: while low-power-distance cultures value profile owners’ self-disclosure, high-power-distance cultures exhibit a mixed influence. Advancing literature on social penetration theory and SM user engagement, our study demonstrates that new self-disclosive SM content creation features do not necessarily benefit all the concerned stakeholders and that the effectiveness of such features might vary from one community to another. Hence, the intended impact of introducing new SM features needs to be carefully evaluated by SM platforms in a holistic manner.

This chapter examines the phenomenon of internet users attempting to report and prevent online child sexual exploitation (CSE) and child sexual abuse material (CSAM) in the absence of adequate intervention by internet service providers, social media platforms, and government. The chapter discusses the history of online CSE, focusing on regulatory stances over time in which online risks to children have been cast as natural and inevitable by the hegemony of a “cyberlibertarian” ideology. We illustrate the success of this ideology, as well as its profound contradictions and ethical failures, by presenting key examples in which internet users have taken decisive action to prevent online CSE and promote the removal of CSAM. Rejecting simplistic characterizations of “vigilante justice,” we argue instead that the fact that often young internet users report feeling forced to act against online CSE and CSAM undercuts libertarian claims that internet regulation is impossible, unworkable, and unwanted. Recent shifts toward a more progressive ethos of online harm minimization are promising; however, this ethos risks offering a new legitimizing ideology for online business models that will continue to put children at risk of abuse and exploitation. In conclusion, we suggest ways forward toward an internet built in the interests of children, rather than profit.

Social media marketing plays an integral part in an organizational performance; it is a digital trend that presents tour operating companies with an opportunity to thrive amidst stiff competition in the market space. Social media provides informative content, customer engagement, interactivity and expert opinion. The main objective of the study was to establish the effect of social media marketing platforms and the performance of tour operating companies in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Diffusion of Innovation theory. Cross-sectional and correlational research designs were utilised. The study used a target population of 212 general managers of tour operating companies using a census approach. An online questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The supervisors and experts were used to examine the validity of the instrument, while Cronbach’s Alpha was adopted to test reliability, where a threshold of 0.7 and above was deemed reliable. Descriptive statistics consisting of means and standard deviations were used to summarise data, while inferential statistics were used to establish the relationship between the variables investigated. The results indicated that, social media platform had a statistically significant effect on the performance of tour operating companies (β2=0.414, P=0.000<0.05). Social media enabled customers to share experiences, promotions and relevant information about the tour destination. The study concluded that social media platforms had a statistically significant effect on of tour operating companies. The study recommended that tour operating companies should create appealing content, good promotional messages, engaging images, and videos that attract travellers

The paper sets out to evaluate the effects that social media marketing (SMM) can have on the success and eventual sustainability of the small businesses sampled. Other specific objectives were to assess the level at which businesses adopt the usage of social media and identify the most prominent of all available social media platforms that the companies utilise. The quantitative survey method was employed to collect data from 200 employees of small-sized businesses in Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The collected data was analysed using both descriptive (percentages, mean, standard deviation etc.) and inferential (ANOVA and regression analysis) statistics with the assistance of SPSS v22. With regards to the take up of social media for marketing purposes, almost all the questionnaire items indicated a high level of SMM adoption for the businesses, to the extent that it was actively used, resources were allocated, contents were frequently posted, metrics were tracked, and they reportedly had dedicated teams to engage with the social media platforms. In terms of the types of Social Media (SM) platforms, the businesses have prominence for marketing; Instagram recorded the highest, and in descending order, followed by YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, WhatsApp, and LinkedIn. The results on the effects of SMM on the sustainability of the businesses indicated a strong correlation between the two variables. Firstly, the model was well fitted to the data, significant at F, 28.075; p ≤ .01; and Adjusted R2 = .611, implying that the predictor variable explained 61.1% of the variance in the dependent variable, even after the model was adjusted for errors. When some of the items representing the Independent Variables were disaggregated, the following constructs were very important in explaining the businesses' success with SMM adoption in descending order of importance: allocation of resources, tracking of social media metrics, having a team dedicated to monitoring the platforms, and making social media a priority for their businesses. The remaining factors were insignificant. The study concluded that Social Media Marketing (SMM) significantly impact the sustenance of small businesses if adequately managed and resourced, and for 21st-century businesses, digital marketing and online presence afford the businesses the opportunity to interact with the consumers of their products and services for future lasting engagement and potential benefits that could eventually impact the bottom line positively.

While hospitals’ health promotion via social media has the potential to be a critical source of health information, research shows racial and ethnic disparities exist in health-related knowledge that may be, in part, related to media representation. The purpose of this study is to examine the racial and ethnic representation of people featured in Washington, D.C. hospitals’ social media platforms to understand how hospitals embed cultural competency into their health communication. By comparing the diversity of images on hospitals’ social media platforms with the demographics of hospitals’ neighboring communities, the researchers intend to highlight opportunities to improve targeted health messaging to underserved communities, particularly Black and Hispanic communities. By analyzing the images and videos posted on the three most popular social media platforms – Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube – for a one-month period, the researchers found that Whites and Asians were over-represented while Hispanics were severely under-represented in hospitals’ social media representation as compared to the community demographics. Increasing the diversity of minority representation on hospitals’ social media-based health promotion may contribute to addressing the social disparities in healthcare.

Purpose: The growing burden of mental disorder demands new strategies for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. This systematic literature review (SLR) critically examines peer-reviewed studies on the applications of AI technologies in mental health to address the main research question: "What AI technologies, sources of data, and outcomes are prevalent in current AI-based mental health interventions, and with which mental disorders are they primarily concerned?". Methods: This SLR reviewed 78 studies published after 2020 from major academic databases such as PubMed, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Springer, and ACM Digital Library. Inclusion/exclusion criteria and a strict protocol with structured data extraction were used to identify AI methods, data sources, targeted mental disorders, and outcomes reported. A common use of supervised machine learning, deep learning (e.g., CNNs, RNNs, LSTMs, transformer models), and multimodal approaches were identified by the review. Results: Key results indicate that classic machine learning techniques averaged between 75% and 89%, deep learning and transformer models having high diagnostic accuracy, with a few LLM-based models having an accuracy of up to 90.2% and multimodal models having F1-scores above 90%. The target disorders most frequently identified were depression and anxiety, and the sources of data used were mostly based on social media, clinical interviews, EEG, and multimodal datasets. Conclusions: Despite the encouraging results limitations like data imbalance, privacy issues, the requirement of more heterogeneous data, and ethical issues remains. This review highlights these challenges and proposes directions to enhance AI’s effective use in mental healthcare.

This article aims at describing the development of literature through social media. Social media is a form of electronic communication in which people can share their thoughts, emotions and their ideas and can create online communities to share ideas, information and other content. This article is written based on the qualitative approach the data are taken from documents and informants. The techniques for data collecting are content analysis and in depth interviewing of people the collected data are analyzed by using the interactive analysis. The study focuses on how social media apps as a new literary environment. It also explores how this platform results in the author’s need to adapt their literary wording and content to suit the new platform. The study is divided into an introduction, literature review, research methodology and conclusion. The introduction presents a brief background about the social media and a brief introduction about how literature and social media are connected with each other. And how social media is profitable for authors and readers? Social media users heavily contribute to the promotion of book, but it does not stop there. Many authors are now also very active on social media platforms, on which they can share and promote their books, and interact with their readers. And through this article it explores that how any person can read literature at any time in a very short time.

In recent years, a number of social events have attracted widespread attention on various different social media platforms. Among them, the public perceptions of the same event are different on different media platforms. Because of the different privacy of different social media platforms, they have different degrees of influence on the self-construction of users, the composition of interpersonal relationships on social media platforms, and the tendency of public opinion on social media platforms. This paper focuses on two different social media, WeChat and Weibo, and examines the reasons for the phenomenon of "WeChat being silent and Weibo being active" from the perspective of their functions and characteristics and investigates the impact of this phenomenon on public opinion tendencies. This paper concludes that people are more neutral and conservative in commenting on socially focused events on social media platforms where privacy is disclosed to easy acquaintances because of the psychology of building a positive self-image, but on social media platforms with fewer acquaintances, people do not need to be responsible for their own statements, so they are less burdened when speaking, and therefore their statements have more obvious tendencies. Under the influence of this tendency, social media platforms with more privacy will have a more conservative opinion tendency and vice versa, a more aggressive opinion tendency.

Social media networks contain both content and context-specific information. Most existing methods work with either of the two for the purpose of multimedia mining and retrieval. In reality, both content and context information are rich sources of information for mining, and the full power of mining and processing algorithms can be realized only with the use of a combination of the two. This paper proposes a new algorithm which mines both context and content links in social media networks to discover the underlying latent semantic space. This mapping of the multimedia objects into latent feature vectors enables the use of any off-the-shelf multimedia retrieval algorithms. Compared to the state-of-the-art latent methods in multimedia analysis, this algorithm effectively solves the problem of sparse context links by mining the geometric structure underlying the content links between multimedia objects. Specifically for multimedia annotation, we show that an effective algorithm can be developed to directly construct annotation models by simultaneously leveraging both context and content information based on latent structure between correlated semantic concepts. We conduct experiments on the Flickr data set, which contains user tags linked with images. We illustrate the advantages of our approach over the state-of-the-art multimedia retrieval techniques.

Many agencies have selected Facebook, one of the most popular social media platforms in Vietnam, as their primary communication and connection channel in their units due to its widespread usage and simplicity of use. Using social networks to advertise products could make people more likely to buy things. Nevertheless, there is still a need for more scholarly attention to understand the impact of social media usage on users' purchase intention, especially in Vietnam— a country with a significant number of social media users worldwide. Hence, this study aims to examine factors regarding social media advertising including informativeness, performance expectancy, perceived relevance, and interactivity that impact consumer buying intention through popular platforms in Vietnam such as Facebook. The authors utilized a set of established scales to measure the constructs under investigation. An online questionnaire with 22 items was designed and developed based on previous research. The survey specifically targeted Vietnamese shoppers who regularly engage in online activities through the social media platform Facebook. From the collected questionnaires, a data of 217 valid responses were utilized for the analysis using SPSS. The study revealed the indicators relevant to Facebook advertising of consumer purchase intention. Among them, two-way communication in the form of interactivity, one of the most common features of social networks plays a vital role in fostering purchase intention as its greatest effect on consumer purchase intention, followed by perceived relevance, performance expectancy, and informativeness. The current research extends consumer behavior literature in online shopping settings and consolidates further the importance of advertising value toward behavioral intention in the context of social media. The findings provide valuable insights for advertising companies to leverage Facebook media in their marketing and advertising endeavors such as providing users with the informative and relevant content, appealing appearance, as well as two-way interaction features so that they will be able to attract potentials consumers. Yet there were some limitations including the generalizability, the focus on a specific product category and the extension of other social media platforms which should be suggested in the future research.

A number of factors have impaired researchers' ability to evidence how, when, and under which conditions social media relates to adolescents' mental health. For example, the rapid growth and changes in the social media landscape make measuring social media use difficult, and individuals use social media platforms and features of platforms in unique patterns. Notwithstanding these challenges, a great deal of progress has been made in uncovering key empirical insights that have contributed to theory building in how social media effects among youth are understood. In this chapter, we review extant research on social media effects and adolescent mental health, focusing specifically on adolescent development and mental disorders, in line with the Personal Social Media Ecosystem Framework (PSMEF), which articulates that users experience unique digital settings and use social media elements that can transcend social media environments. Thus, in addition to covering how the PSMEF defines social media as a context for interaction, we also review how existing research maps onto this framework in ways that can inform on later iterations of social media itself. We end by offering directions for future research that will help to delineate the ways through which social media affects adolescents' mental health.

Spatial Patterns of Purposeful Social Networking and Socioeconomic Influences: Towards a Mature, Inclusive Networked Society in the U.S.

Neo-Gnosticism and the American Dissident Right