A new active disturbance rejection controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor based on parameter self-tuning

A new instantaneous torque-control strategy is presented for high-performance control of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor. In order to deal with the torque pulsating problem of a PM synchronous motor in a low-speed region, new torque estimation and control techniques are proposed. The linkage flux of a PM synchronous motor is estimated using a model reference adaptive system technique, and the developed torque is instantaneously controlled by the proposed torque controller combining a variable structure control (VSC) with a space-vector pulse-width modulation (PWM). The proposed control provides the advantage of reducing the torque pulsation caused by the nonsinusoidal flux distribution. This control strategy is applied to the high-torque PM synchronous motor drive system for direct-drive applications and implemented by using a software of the digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C30. The simulations and experiments are carried out for this system, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control.

To solve the problems of excessive overshoot, insufficient precision, and susceptibility to external disturbances in the speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), a novel sensorless control method is proposed herein. First, a new exponential convergence law was designed and a new sliding mode speed controller was constructed based on this law. An optimisation algorithm combining genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimisation (GAPSO) is proposed to optimise the parameters of the sliding-mode speed controller. Second, inspired by the Cholesky triangular decomposition, the symmetric strong tracking extended Kalman filter (SSTEKF) algorithm is derived from the strong tracking extended Kalman filter (STEKF) algorithm. The experimental results show that the GAPSO method for optimising the sliding mode controller parameters reduces the overshoot and accelerates the convergence speed, improving the control effectiveness of the PMSM, particularly under sudden load changes. Compared with the STEKF algorithm, the improved SSTEKF algorithm has higher accuracy in estimating the rotor speed and position, with the error in estimating the rotor speed reduced from 0.3 to 0.2 and the error in estimating the rotor position reduced from 0.01 to 0.005. Even with sudden load changes, a better observation performance can be achieved.

Anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque PMSM based on second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer

Due to the features such as high efficiency, small volume and high power density, super high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are becoming attractive in many fields such as high-speed micro-turbine generators, centrifugal compressors and pumps. V/f control is flexible and easy to be realized, moreover, voltage utilization ratio of SVPWM modulation is high, so the plan combined with V/f control and SVPWM modulation can be adopted for PMSM. The effects of the stator resistance and the dead-time on the control are generally neglected in traditional V/f control, which leads to that the low-speed performance is poor and the system is not stable at high speed. Based on considering the effects of stator resistance and dead-time, an optimal V/f control of the super high-speed PMSM is presented. Combined with the optimal V/f control and SVPWM modulation, soft starting and operating experiments for PMSM generator (105Kw, 61000rpm) are successfully implemented in the designed system of super high-speed gas micro-turbine based on DSP 320F2407A. The experiment results shows that this optimal V/f control is virtual and feasible for super high-speed PMSM. The proposed scheme provided dynamic stability and high performance of the super high-speed PMSM with an open-loop control.

The development of electric and hybrid vehicles has gained increasing attention in recent years. This paper proposes an Electric drive for Hybrid vehicles application and its control strategy to achieve a wide speed range. In these vehicles, important requirements for the electric drive are low weight, small volume, high efficiency and low cost. When choosing the motor for the vehicle drive, the induction motor is an obvious alternative but a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can offer advantages in terms of higher efficiency and specific power. In this paper a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) is used as an electric drive machine. The operation of a PMSM above the base speed is possible by weakening the permanent-magnet excitation by a demagnetizing field component supplied by the stator winding. This can be done by closed loop operation of PMSM. The speed and torque control of the PMSM drive used as hybrid vehicle is controlled by proper tuning the PI controllers. A three level diode clamped inverter using IGBT's has simulated, whose switching sequences are controlled by Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). A mathematical model of PMSM drive suitable for hybrid vehicle has simulated and proper closed loop control is established by field oriented control method. The entire work is done in MATLAB/SIMULINK.

To mitigate the computational complexity inherent in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control systems, this paper presents a dual-vector model predictive current control (DV-MPCC) strategy integrated with an improved exponential reaching law-based sliding mode controller (IEAL-SMC). A voltage phase angle decision-making mechanism is introduced to alleviate computational load and enhance the accuracy of voltage vector selection: this mechanism enables rapid determination of optimal control sectors and facilitates efficient screening of candidate vectors within the finite control set (FCS). To further boost the system’s disturbance rejection capability, a modified SMC scheme employing a softsign function-based exponential reaching law is developed for the speed loop. By adaptively tuning the smoothing parameters, this modified SMC achieves a well-balanced trade-off between fast dynamic response and effective chattering suppression—two key performance metrics in PMSM control. Experimental validations indicate that, in comparison with the conventional DV-MPCC approach, the proposed strategy not only improves the efficiency of voltage vector selection but also demonstrates superior steady-state precision and dynamic responsiveness across a broad range of operating conditions.

The direct torque control theory has achieved great success in the control of permanent magnet synchronous motor. A Direct Torque Control (DTC) scheme of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is presented. Based on in-depth analysis of PMSM mathematical model in abc frame and  frame are established and the operation principle of DTC-SVPWM system, the relationships between the torque and fundamental components. A novel space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) method which has a feature of low harmonic is proposed. The proposed method is adopted to implement the direct torque control (DTC) of a three-phase PMSM. A large number of simulation results show that the DTC System of PMSM has fast response and good dynamic performance. Aiming at the direct torque control in PMSM Drives, in this paper explained the theoretical basis of the direct torque control (DTC) for PMSM firstly. Then explained the difference between the applications of DTC-SVPWM to PMSM. Finally the MATLAB/Simulink models were developed to examine the DTC- SVPWM for PMSM. The simulation results is presented in this paper.

An adaptive model-output-following controller using a variable structure system (VSS) approach is proposed in this paper. Only output from the plant is needed in the VSS control law to enhance the robustness of the control system. The position control of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor servo drive using the proposed control strategy is illustrated. First, an integral-proportional (IP) position controller is systematically designed according to the prescribed drive specifications of the command tracking. Next, in order to allow the given specifications to be maintained under wide operating conditions, the state-space model of the systematically designed inner IP speed loop in the nominal case is chosen as the reference model. Then, the proposed adaptive controller based on VSS theory is designed and augmented to the inner speed loop to preserve the control performance. Simulation results show that the proposed control approach results accurately model the following characteristic and is robust with regard to plant parameter variations and external load disturbance.

Introduction. This study introduces a sliding mode control (SMC) that utilizes multivariable system command estimation (MSCE-SMC) to create an innovative speed control system for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The motor operates through a 3-phase voltage source inverter when used in an electric vehicle (EV) model, with the goal of achieving fast speed regulation and high performance. Problem. The primary challenge is to achieve fast and accurate speed regulation for PMSMs while maintaining high performance, despite varying system parameters and external disturbances. The goal is to design a robust and adaptive speed control system for PMSMs using the SMC approach, which ensures precise speed tracking and high-performance regulation. Scientific novelty. The integration of MSCE-SMC approach, offering an innovative solution for speed control in PMSMs used in EVs. Methodology. SMC approach for the PMSM divides the system into 2 subsystems: electrical and speed. A d-q coordinate frame is used to model the PMSM, and its control strategy is outlined. A detailed model of the PMSM with SMC is presented after an in-depth review of the theoretical concepts and principles of sliding mode control. Results. To validate the proposed approach, MATLAB/Simulink is conducted, demonstrating the effectiveness and robustness of the method in PMSM speed regulation. The results confirm that the proposed method provides straightforward and precise control, accurate speed tracking, and high-performance regulation. It also shows adaptability to parameter variations and external disturbances. Practical value. The practical value of the proposed method is significant, as it provides a reliable and efficient control system for PMSMs. It offers precise speed control, robust performance under variable conditions, and high adaptability to external disturbances, making it suitable for real-world EV applications. References 22, table 1, figures 18.

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) now is widely used in hybrid vehicle drive area. When the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is used in PMSM control, the stator three phase currents must be collected for its control calculation. In this paper, a PMSM stator current collection system based on C8051F500 and AD7865 is designed, and proved to be effective with experiments.

This paper presents a variable-gain sliding mode control (VGSMC) strategy based on a continuous barrier function to enhance the dynamic performance and disturbance rejection of aerospace electric fuel pumps. The approach integrates the robustness of conventional sliding mode control with adaptive gain tuning to reduce chattering while ensuring fast convergence. A comprehensive model of a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and a nonlinear gear pump is developed. An extended sliding mode observer (ESMO) is designed to estimate and compensate for unknown, time-varying disturbances from complex fluid loads. Lyapunov analysis confirms finite-time convergence of both the controller and observer. Simulations under sudden load changes and variable-speed operations demonstrate that the proposed VGSMC achieves faster response, higher steady-state accuracy, and smoother control than PI and fixed-gain SMC. This method offers a robust and practical solution for high-performance aerospace fuel pump control.

The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is increasingly playing an important role in alternating current(AC) transmission system. Recently, lots of researches have been investigated for the PMSM system without speed and position sensors. The Vector-control system based on fuzzy self-tuning PID is proposed in this paper. The new algorithm based on fuzzy self-tuning PID can improve the performance of the system. The speed and torque fluctuations are reduced. Simulation results show that the validity of the proposed strategy.

Achieving a twofold increase in the rotation speed of a permanent magnet synchronous motor while maintaining its power characteristics at the original level permits to increase the productivity and quality of material processing on metal-cutting machines. The theoretical study has been conducted using the mathematical model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The new control algorithm provides for two working zones: a nominal speed zone where the required power parameters are maintained (the first zone), and a high speed zone with a twofold increase in the rotation speed relative to the nominal (the second zone). To assess the efficiency of the developed algorithm, numerical modeling and comparative analysis with traditional control methods for a permanent magnet synchronous motor have been performed. The obtained results have demonstrated the advantages of the proposed approach permitting a twofold increase in the speed of the main drive of a metal-cutting machine without deteriorating its energy characteristics. The data of the theoretical study have been confirmed by simulation modeling of a closed system in the SimInTech software package. The developed control algorithm can be used to optimize the operation of main drives based on a permanent magnet synchronous motor as part of metalworking equipment.

The field-oriented control (FOC) strategy of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in a simplified form is based on PI-type controllers. In addition to their low complexity (an advantage for real-time implementation), these controllers also provide limited performance due to the nonlinear character of the description equations of the PMSM model under the usual conditions of a relatively wide variation in the load torque and the high dynamics of the PMSM speed reference. Moreover, a number of significant improvements in the performance of PMSM control systems, also based on the FOC control strategy, are obtained if the controller of the speed control loop uses sliding mode control (SMC), and if the controllers for the inner control loops of id and iq currents are of the synergetic type. Furthermore, using such a control structure, very good performance of the PMSM control system is also obtained under conditions of parametric uncertainties and significant variations in the combined rotor-load moment of inertia and the load resistance. To improve the performance of the PMSM control system without using controllers having a more complicated mathematical description, the advantages provided by reinforcement learning (RL) for process control can also be used. This technique does not require the exact knowledge of the mathematical model of the controlled system or the type of uncertainties. The improvement in the performance of the PMSM control system based on the FOC-type strategy, both when using simple PI-type controllers or in the case of complex SMC or synergetic-type controllers, is achieved using the RL based on the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG). This improvement is obtained by using the correction signals provided by a trained reinforcement learning agent, which is added to the control signals ud, uq, and iqref. A speed observer is also implemented for estimating the PMSM rotor speed. The PMSM control structures are presented using the FOC-type strategy, both in the case of simple PI-type controllers and complex SMC or synergetic-type controllers, and numerical simulations performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment show the improvements in the performance of the PMSM control system, even under conditions of parametric uncertainties, by using the RL-DDPG.

Background: The conventional method using one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) servo system has the trade-off problem between the dynamic performance and the robustness. Methods: In this paper, by using H∞ control theory, a novel robust two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) controller has been proposed to improve the position control performance of PMSM servo system. Using robust control theory and 2DOF control theory, a H∞ robust position controller has been designed and discussed in detail. Results: The trade-off problem between the dynamic performance and robustness which exists in one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) control can be dealt with by the application of 2DOF control theory. Then, through H∞ control theory, the design of robust position controller can be translated to H∞ robust standard design problem. Moreover, the control system with robust controller has been proved to be stable. Conclusion: Further simulation results demonstrate that compared with the conventional PID control, the designed control system has better robustness and attenuation to the disturbance of load impact.