A new Machine Learning based Approach for Power System State Forecasting

Assessing forecast performance of daily reference evapotranspiration: A comparison of equations, machine and deep learning using weather forecasts

State estimation is an essential part of every energy control management system. Accurate estimation of state or operating state is essential for security control and monitoring of power systems. Power system state estimation is a procedure to estimate true state from the inexact state of a power system. The conventional state estimator provides estimates of the power system states, i.e., bus voltages and angles which is obtained. State estimation is a computational technique for electrical power system. It empowers the calculation of the power flows of the electrical power system which are not observed or not directly measured. State estimation is a computer program that detects, isolate and eliminate the incorrect or bad measurement data and estimates the accurate state. The magnitudes of bus voltage and phase angle are the states variables for an electrical power system. This paper outlines Weighted Least Square (WLS) estimation techniques and simulated estimation for standard IEEE systems.

Decoupled State-Estimation in Energy Control Centres

The integration of high-penetration renewables, electric vehicles, and active demand-response schemes has introduced unprecedented volatility into modern power grids. Weighted Least Squares (WLS) remains the industry standard for Power System State Estimation (PSSE). However, its iterative nature may lead to slow convergence or even divergence when poorly initialized, particularly in large and complex transmission power systems. To address this, warm-start techniques using Machine Learning (ML) have been proposed. This paper introduces a deep Residual Network (ResNet) framework to generate high-quality initial guesses for WLS and rigorously compares its performance against Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short Term Memory networks (LSTM), and Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). Evaluations on the IEEE 30 bus test system under realistic measurement noise demonstrate that ResNet-based warm starts reduce the iteration count of WLS by up to 60%. The novelty lies in leveraging ResNet’s skip connections to learn incremental state corrections, which closely aligns with the warm-start requirements and results in improved convergence, generalization, and computational efficiency compared to alternative ML models.

People post their emotional expressions about specific events through social media platforms, such as praise and complaints about city bus travel services. In this paper, we propose a social media-based method to analyze bus service satisfaction. Firstly, we collect microblogs related to bus service from Sina Weibo, and pre-process the collected microblogs. Then the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) pre-trained model is combined with Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model to form BERT- BiLSTM model, using the pre-processed data to train the BERT-BiLSTM model to realize the classification of text data into positive and negative sentiments, and finally using the method of this paper to analyze and verify the satisfaction of Guangzhou bus services system in 2010. Comparing the method of this paper with traditional machine learning and deep learning methods, the experiments show the effectiveness of the BERT-BiLSTM model. KeywordsSocial mediaBus serviceSentiment analysisBERT-BiLSTMBinary classification

Sharia stocks are one of the investment instruments in the Islamic capital market. In the capital market, it is known that stock prices are very volatile. This makes investors need to carry out a strategy for making the right decision in investing, one of which can be done by predicting stock prices. In this study, predictions were made using historical data on the closing price of Islamic shares of PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk with the Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) method. In building the best prediction model, it is necessary to choose the right parameters and one way to do this is to use the grid search algorithm. Based on the results of the test analysis, it was found that the smallest Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value was found in the BiLSTM model in the distribution of data with a percentage of 90% training data and 10% testing data and parameter values obtained based on parameter tuning using grid search, including the number of neurons 25, 100 epochs, 4 batches, and 0.2 dropouts. The MAPE obtained in this study was 10.83% and based on the scale on the MAPE value criteria, this shows that the resulting prediction model is accurate. As for the test results from the comparisons made on the BiLSTM and LSTM models using grid search as a tuning parameter and models without using a grid search or it can be called a trial and error approach as a tuning parameter, it is found that the model with better predictive performance is found in BiLSTM using a grid search. compared to other models.

Recently a new class of security problem in a power system state estimation was defined by false data injection (cyber-attack). The deliberate injection by an adversary would not be expected to follow the same patterns as random bad data. False data injection can be launched in measurements set, topology and parameters network data. Identify clearly its injection point is very important to provide a suitable correction of the output states. In this paper is presented an identification strategy for false data injection in power system state estimation input data based on a deep learning. Evaluation of the presented solution is done through Monte Carlo simulation considering different test scenarios in the IEEE 14-bus test system. The results confirm that the proposed algorithm is a potential tool to identify accurately the false data injection point in power system state estimation.

Consumer opinions on purchased products significantly influence the number of purchases on ecommerce platforms. Sentiment analysis of these opinions assists both consumers and companies in making informed decisions. Currently, consumers judiciously evaluate different aspects of a product to guarantee it meets their requirements. Consequently, performing sentiment analysis on various product aspects can aid consumers select the precise product and support companies in meeting on areas that prerequisite upgrading. This study recommends a systematic and expandable method to aspect-based sentiment analysis of user reviews for electrical devices like computers, mobile phones, and headphones. Through an amalgamation of advanced preprocessing, sentence-level segmentation by means of transformer-based models, and similarity-based aspect detection, the system is competent of extracting fine-grained sentiment for each product aspect. A hybrid sentiment classification strategy employing both BERT and VADER certifies robustness and accurateness in sentiment detection, while the structured transformation of data into a multi-label format permits for efficient model training. The proposed Bi-LSTM architecture with an integrated attention mechanism boosts sentiment prediction by concentrating on the utmost pertinent parts of each sentence, directing to better-quality performance across evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The exploration offers a comparative study of the performance of aspect-based sentiment analysis using a standard Bi-LSTM model versus a Bi-LSTM model with an attention mechanism, applied to analyse the reviews of three diverse products. The outcomes explains that the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model with an attention mechanism outpaces the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The investigation validates the efficiency of merging NLP techniques and deep learning to deliver understandings from product reviews, presenting beneficial assistance to consumers by aiding to make informed decisions and focus on companies directing to improve their offerings based on targeted feedback.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 17.9 million people die yearly from cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), including heart attacks. Cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack, kill 32% of people globally. Current approaches struggle with electrocardiogram (ECG) signal variability, causing diagnosing errors. The adoption of automated and accurate models for heart disease detection is lacking since conventional methods rely on human analysis, which is time-consuming and error-prone. This work covers the crucial topic of heart disease diagnosis, especially ECG data analysis for cardiovascular disease detection. The integration of the Deep-Convolutional Neural Network (Deep-CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model with an Attention Mechanism enhances the accuracy and reliability of heart disease categorisation. The Deep-CNN component efficiently extracts features from capture spatial linkages, while the Bi-LSTM layers handle temporal dependencies to identify patient health patterns over time. The model is evaluated on 303 patient records with 14 clinical characteristics from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) Cleveland Heart Disease dataset. The suggested technique has 97.23% accuracy, 97.72% recall, precision, and 96.90% F1 score. These findings show that the proposed architecture improves diagnostic performance more than boosting ensemble approaches and hybrid models.

In this paper, a combination model based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) is proposed. First, CEEMD is applied to decompose original network traffic to generate high‐frequency component, low‐frequency component, and residual component. Then, the high‐frequency components are modeled and predicted using bi‐directional long short‐term memory (BiLSTM). The low‐frequency components and the residual component are modeled and predicted using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). Meanwhile, considering that the BiLSTM model is influenced by the hyperparameters, an Improved Bald Eagle Search (IBES) algorithm is proposed and applied to optimize three hyperparameters of BiLSTM, avoiding the blindness and subjectivity of manual selection of parameters. Finally, the prediction values of BiLSTM and ARIMA model are summed to obtain the final predicted value of network traffic. The comparisons with other models proved that the proposed network traffic prediction model is closer to the real data, with the optimal performance indicators, which is very suitable for high precision occasions.

In this study, the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model is used to optimize the unbalanced allocation mechanism in the electricity market, and an empirical analysis is made based on the Nord Pool dataset. It is found that the Bi-LSTM model is significantly better than the traditional method in reducing the total deviation power and unbalanced cost. Specifically, the proposed model reduces the total deviation power by 16.5% and the unbalanced cost by 12.3%. The incentive compatibility index shows that the incentive effect of the proposed model reaches 27.0%. It is higher than that of the F1 mechanism (23.5%) and the F2 mechanism (25.5%). In terms of cost allocation efficiency, the mean square error of the proposed model is 0.018. This shows higher cost allocation accuracy compared with 0.028 in the F1 mechanism and 0.022 in the F2 mechanism. These results show that the proposed model has obvious advantages in improving market operation efficiency, encouraging market participants to reduce deviation electricity, and realizing fair cost allocation. The research conclusion provides a new technical path for the design of the allocation mechanism in the power market and provides strong support for future market management and optimization.

The integration of renewable energy resources into smart grids has become increasingly important to address the challenges of managing and forecasting energy production in the fourth energy revolution. To this end, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool for improving energy production control and management. This study investigates the application of machine learning techniques, specifically ARIMA (auto-regressive integrated moving average) and Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long short-term memory) models, for predicting solar power production for the next year. Using one year of real-time solar power production data, this study trains and tests these models on performance measures such as mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The results demonstrate that the Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long short-term memory) model outperforms the ARIMA (auto-regressive integrated moving average) model in terms of accuracy and is able to successfully identify intricate patterns and long-term relationships in the real-time-series data. The findings suggest that machine learning techniques can optimize the integration of renewable energy resources into smart grids, leading to more efficient and sustainable power systems.

This paper presents a review on major blackouts occurred in power grid across the world and importance for the need of state estimation (SE) solution. This work introduces the applications of phasor measurement units (PMU) to reduce the occurrence of blackouts in power system. The blackouts in power system can occur due to overload, light load conditions, heavy storms or due to line outages. The cascade failure due to line outages, i.e., measured as N-1 outages can lead to power system blackout. The necessity of power system state estimation (PSSE) solution for protection in view of blackouts is discussed in this paper. A Generalized Linear State Estimation (GLSE) method is proposed to obtain robust and accurate states of power system network. A matrix integrating phasor and conventional measurements are formulated to obtain accurate states. IEEE transmission bus network such as 14-bus network is considered as test case for proposed GLSE programming in MATLAB. The accurate states are computed and compared with standard weighted least squares (WLS) method to show its effectiveness.

The proliferation of misinformation, as insidious and pervasive as water, presents an unprecedented challenge to public discourse and comprehension. Often propagated to further specific ideologies or political objectives, misinformation not only misleads the populace but also fuels online advertising revenue generation. As such, the urgent need to pinpoint and eliminate misinformation from digital platforms has never been more critical. In response to this dilemma, this paper proposes a solution built on the backbone of massive data generation in today’s digital landscape. By leveraging advanced technologies, such as AI-driven systems with deep learning models and natural language processing capabilities, we can monitor and analyze an extensive scope of social media data. This, in turn, facilitates the identification of misinformation across multiple platforms and alerts users to potential propaganda. Central to our study is the development of misinformation classifiers based on a deep bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model. This model is further enhanced by employing a genetic algorithm (GA), which automates the search for an optimal neural architecture, thereby significantly impacting the training behavior of the deep learning algorithm and the performance of the model being trained. To validate our approach, we compared the efficacy of our proposed model with nine traditional machine learning algorithms and a deep learning model rooted in long short-term memory (LSTM). The results affirmed the superiority of our GA-tuned Bi-LSTM model, which outperformed all other models in detecting misinformation with remarkable accuracy. Our intention with this paper is not to present our model as a comprehensive solution to misinformation but rather as a technological tool that can aid in the process, supplementing and bolstering the existing methodologies in the field of misinformation detection.

The rapid growth of AI-generated content from ChatGPT, Gemini, and many others poses significant challenges in digital media. There are increasing instances of text generated by machine learning models being indistinguishable from human-written text. This calls for an effective way of detecting and distinguishing text generated by AI from human text. Using a Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology, a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model for classifying AI-generated text in a digital media context was developed. A carefully curated dataset of human and AI-generated text samples was used. The Bi-LSTM model without an embedding layer was implemented, optimizing the model to capture complex linguistic patterns apparent in each text type. An experimental setup was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. It was noted that the model achieved a remarkable test accuracy of 99.79%, with a loss of 0.009. To facilitate practical implementation, we developed a web application using Next.js with our model served from a Flask server that enables real-time AI text detection. Our results highlight the model’s ability to accurately identify AI-generated text, providing valuable insights into deploying such models to verify content on media platforms. This study highlights the potential of neural network-based classifiers to address the pressing need for automated AI text detection in an increasingly AI-influenced digital ecosystem.