A note on finite-dimensional quotients and the problem of automatic continuity for twisted convolution algebras

We present a general framework for automatic continuity results for groups of isometries of metric spaces. In particular, we prove automatic continuity property for the groups of isometries of the Urysohn space and the Urysohn sphere, i.e. that any homomorphism from either of these groups into a separable group is continuous. This answers a question of Ben Yaacov, Berenstein and Melleray. As a consequence, we get that the group of isometries of the Urysohn space has unique Polish group topology and the group of isometries of the Urysohn sphere has unique separable group topology. Moreover, as an application of our framework we obtain new proofs of the automatic continuity property for the group $\text{Aut}([0,1],\unicode[STIX]{x1D706})$, due to Ben Yaacov, Berenstein and Melleray and for the unitary group of the infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space, due to Tsankov.

Given an automorphism $\tau$ of a compact group $G$, we study the factorization of $C(\tau,K)$, the contraction group of $\tau$ modulo a closed $\tau$-invariant subgroup $K$, into the product $C(\tau)K$, of the contraction group $C(\tau)$ of $\tau$, and $K$. We prove that the factorization $C(\tau,K)=C(\tau)K$ holds for every closed $\tau$-invariant subgroup $K$ if and only if $G$ contains arbitrarily small closed normal $\tau$-invariant subgroups $N$ with finite-dimensional quotients $G/N$. For metrizable groups, we obtain that $C(\tau)K$ is a dense subgroup of $C(\tau,K)$, for every closed $\tau$-invariant subgroup $K$. These results are used to link the contraction group to the properties of the dynamical system $(G,\tau)$. It follows that $\tau$ is distal if and only if $C(\tau)$ is trivial, while ergodicity of $\tau$ implies that $C(\tau)$ is nontrivial. When $G$ is metrizable, the closure of $C(\tau)$ is the largest closed $\tau$-invariant subgroup on which $\tau$ acts ergodically and, at the same time, it is the smallest among closed normal $\tau$-invariant subgroups $N$ such that $\tau$ acts distally on $G/N$. If $\tau$ is ergodic, then its restriction to any closed connected normal $\tau$-invariant subgroup $N$ with finite-dimensional quotient $G/N$ is also ergodic. Moreover, when $G$ is connected, the largest closed $\tau$-invariant subgroup on which $\tau$ acts ergodically is necessarily connected.

We study the relationship between the existence of nonprincipal ultrafilters over ω and the failure of the automatic continuity, Steinhaus and Bergman properties for infinite products of finite groups.

Automatic Continuity of Lipschitz Algebras

The first main theorem of this paper asserts that any $$(\sigma , \tau )$$ -derivation d, under certain conditions, either is a $$\sigma $$ -derivation or is a scalar multiple of ( $$\sigma - \tau $$ ), i.e. $$d = \lambda (\sigma - \tau )$$ for some $$\lambda \in \mathbb {C} \backslash \{0\}$$ . By using this characterization, we achieve a result concerning the automatic continuity of $$(\sigma , \tau $$ )-derivations on Banach algebras which reads as follows. Let $$\mathcal {A}$$ be a unital, commutative, semi-simple Banach algebra, and let $$\sigma , \tau : \mathcal {A} \rightarrow \mathcal {A}$$ be two distinct endomorphisms such that $$\varphi \sigma (\mathbf e )$$ and $$\varphi \tau (\mathbf e )$$ are non-zero complex numbers for all $$\varphi \in \Phi _\mathcal {A}$$ . If $$d : \mathcal {A} \rightarrow \mathcal {A}$$ is a $$(\sigma , \tau )$$ -derivation such that $$\varphi d$$ is a non-zero linear functional for every $$\varphi \in \Phi _\mathcal {A}$$ , then d is automatically continuous. As another objective of this research, we prove that if $$\mathfrak {M}$$ is a commutative von Neumann algebra and $$\sigma :\mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}$$ is an endomorphism, then every Jordan $$\sigma $$ -derivation $$d:\mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}$$ is identically zero.

Let Wp,q be the Fourier modulation space FMp,q and let *? be the twisted convolution. I? ? ? D' such that (a *? ?,?)? 0 for every ? ? C?0, and ? ? such that X(0) ? 0, then we prove that ?? ? Wp,? iff ? ? Wp,?. We also present some extensions to the case when weighted Fourier modulation spaces are used. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 47B65, 35A21, 35S05.

We consider string theory vacua with tadpoles for dynamical fields and uncover universal features of the resulting spacetime-dependent solutions. We argue that the solutions can extend only a finite distance ∆ away in the spacetime dimensions over which the fields vary, scaling as ∆n∼ mathcal{T} with the strength of the tadpole mathcal{T} . We show that naive singularities arising at this distance scale are physically replaced by ends of spacetime, related to the cobordism defects of the swampland cobordism conjecture and involving stringy ingredients like orientifold planes and branes, or exotic variants thereof. We illustrate these phenomena in large classes of examples, including AdS5×T1,1 with 3-form fluxes, 10d massive IIA, M-theory on K3, the 10d non-supersymmetric USp(32) strings, and type IIB compactifications with 3-form fluxes and/or magnetized D-branes. We also describe a 6d string model whose tadpole triggers spontaneous compactification to a semirealistic 3-family MSSM-like particle physics model.

We present the first-order corrected dynamics of fluid branes carrying higher-form charge by obtaining the general form of their equations of motion to pole-dipole order. Assuming linear response theory, we characterize the corresponding effective theory of stationary bent charged (an)isotropic fluid branes in terms of two sets of response coefficients, the Young modulus and the piezoelectric moduli. We subsequently find large classes of examples in gravity of this effective theory, by constructing stationary strained charged black brane solutions to first order in a derivative expansion. Using solution generating techniques and bent neutral black branes as a seed solution, we obtain a class of charged black brane geometries carrying smeared Maxwell charge in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity. In the specific case of ten-dimensional space-time we furthermore use T-duality to generate bent black branes with higher-form charge, including smeared D-branes of type II string theory. By subsequently measuring the bending moment and the electric dipole moment which these geometries acquire due to the strain, we uncover that their form is captured by classical electroelasticity theory. In particular, we find that the Young modulus and the piezoelectric moduli of our strained charged black brane solutions are parameterized by a total of 4 response coefficients, both for the isotropic as well as anisotropic cases.

Dealing with with countable (finite and infinite alike) alphabet random conformal iterated function systems with overlaps, we formulate appropriate transversality conditions and then prove the relevant, in such a context, the Moran–Bowen formula which determines the Hausdorff dimension of random limit sets in dynamical terms. We also provide large classes of examples of such random systems satisfying the transversality condition.

We summarize the description of the open-closed TFT datum for B-type Landau-Ginzburg models with Stein manifold targets and discuss various constructions which lead to large classes of examples of such models.

The superpotential in four-dimensional heterotic effective theories contains terms arising from holomorphic Chern-Simons invariants associated to the gauge and tangent bundles of the compactification geometry. These effects are crucial for a number of key features of the theory, including vacuum stability and moduli stabilization. Despite their importance, few tools exist in the literature to compute such effects in a given heterotic vacuum. In this work we present new techniques to explicitly determine holomorphic Chern-Simons invariants in heterotic string compactifications. The key technical ingredient in our computations are real bundle morphisms between the gauge and tangent bundles. We find that there are large classes of examples, beyond the standard embedding, where the Chern-Simons superpotential vanishes. We also provide explicit examples for non-flat bundles where it is non-vanishing and non-integer quantized, generalizing previous results for Wilson lines.

Soft Non-commutative ToralC*-Algebras

Twisted Dual-Group Algebras: Equivariant Deformations of C0(G)

We use Taylor's formula with Lagrange remainder to prove that functions with bounded second derivative are rectifiable in the case when polygonal paths are defined by interval subdivisions which are equally spaced. As a means for generating interesting examples of exact arc length calculations in calculus courses, we recall two large classes of functions f with the property that has a primitive, including classical examples by Neile, van Heuraet and Fermat, as well as more recent ones induced by Pythagorean triples of functions. We also discuss potential benefits for our proposed definition of arc length in introductory calculus courses.

We construct the H-von Neumann regular radical for H-module algebras and show that it is an H-radical property. We obtain that the Jacobson radical of a twisted graded algebra is a graded ideal. For a twisted H-module algebra R, we also show that rj(R#σH) = rHj(R)#σH and the Jacobson radical of R is stable, when k is an algebraically closed field or there exists an algebraic closure F of k such that rj(R⊗F) = rj(R) ⊗ F, where H is a finite-dimensional, semisimple, cosemisimple, commutative or cocommutative Hopf algebra over k. In particular, we answer two questions of J. R. Fisher.