A Novel Audio Codec for Mobile Multimedia Applications

Mobile multimedia applications have become an integral part of modern digital life, offering services such as video streaming, online gaming, virtual reality, and real-time communication. Despite their growing popularity, these applications face inherent challenges due to the limited computational resources, storage capacity, and battery life of mobile devices. Cloud computing has emerged as a transformative solution, providing scalable processing power, extensive storage, and on-demand services. This paper presents a theoretical study on the performance evaluation of mobile multimedia applications in cloud computing environments. The study focuses on key performance metrics including latency, throughput, energy consumption, scalability, and quality of service (QoS). By critically analyzing the impact of cloud integration on mobile multimedia applications, this research identifies the benefits, limitations, and optimization strategies required to improve application performance. The findings highlight the significance of cloud-based architectures, task offloading, and adaptive resource management in achieving efficient and reliable mobile multimedia services.

Mobile applications beyond pure mobile telephony are becoming more and more popular for everyday users. In recent years, with the advent of 3G mobile networks such as UMTS and also higher computing power and storage capabilities of mobile devices, multimedia has reached the mobile user. The user’s individual usage context and needs are becoming more and more important for the design of mobile applications. However, the concepts needed to achieve real comprehensiv user-centric mobile applications are just evolving. In this paper, we present selected concepts and prototypes from our research in the field of mobile multimedia systems that specifically address the mobile user’s needs. We shortly discuss the aspects of user-centered mobile applications and the challenges we see. Our selected research approaches and prototypes show different concepts towards better supporting the concrete user by mobile applications. In this context, we take a look on the specific challenges of image and video retrieval that arise from placing the user in the center of the mobile application design. In our point of view, user-centered mobile multimedia applications pose interesting challenges not only to the retrieval of multimedia content but introduce new challenges and potentials from acquisition, enhancement, storage, retrieval and delivery to the usage of mobile multimedia content.

Demand for mobile video applications is growing today in wireless handheld platforms. Optimizing instruction set architectures and employing SIMD techniques is a logical approach towards attaining higher performance in mobile multimedia applications. Intel® Wireless MMX� technology has been designed to accelerate mobile multimedia and applications processing in a power efficient manner. This paper provides an overview of Intel® Wireless MMX� technology, a 64-bit Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) coprocessor for the Intel® XScale® microarchitecture, and the key features of the architecture that specifically enhance the multi-media performance. Tools and techniques for optimization are also described.

Computational resources in a mobile terminal and in wireless transmission channels set strict requirements for audio coding in mobile multimedia applications. This paper introduces, a low complex audio encoding method enabling high-quality audio for mobile multimedia. The presented method is the low complexity version of the extended AMR-WB audio encoder in the 3GPP standards. The encoder was designed based on requirements of the 3GPP multimedia messaging service (MMS)

High-data-rate mobile multimedia applications can greatly increase energy consumption, leading to an emerging trend of addressing the “energy efficiency” aspect of mobile networks. Cognitive mobile networks with small cells are important techniques for meeting the high-data-rate requirements and improving the energy efficiency of mobile multimedia communications. However, most existing works do not consider the power grid, which provides electricity to mobile networks. Currently, the power grid is experiencing a significant shift from the traditional grid to the smart grid. In the smart grid environment, only considering energy efficiency may not be sufficient since the dynamics of the smart grid will have significant impacts on mobile networks. In this paper, we study green cognitive mobile networks with small cells in the smart grid environment. Unlike most existing studies on cognitive networks, where only the radio spectrum is sensed, our cognitive networks sense not only the radio spectrum environment but also the smart grid environment, based on which power allocation and interference management for multimedia communications are performed. We formulate the problems of electricity price decision, energy-efficient power allocation, and interference management as a three-stage Stackelberg game. A homogeneous Bertrand game with asymmetric costs is used to model price decisions made by the electricity retailers. A backward induction method is used to analyze the proposed Stackelberg game. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can significantly reduce operational expenditure and CO2 emissions in cognitive mobile networks with small cells for multimedia communications.

In mobile multimedia applications, deep learning has received significant interest. Due to the limited computation and storage resources of mobile devices, however, general training methods are hardly suited for mobile multimedia computing. For this reason, we propose an adaptive momentum training (FWAdaBound) algorithm to reduce computation and storage cost, where the Frank-Wolfe method is employed. Furthermore, we rigorously prove the regret bound in order that O T 3 / 4 can be achieved, where T is a time horizon. Finally, the convergence, cost-reduction, and generalization ability of FWAdaBound are validated through various experiments on public datasets.

The major preoccupation regarding the actual research is to visualize a theoretical model of the natural forces interaction between a multimedia mobile application deployed upon an educational activity over a group of students and an automatic process of evaluation regarding the final academic results. We implemented a new metric indicator, named here with effectiveness of a multimedia mobile application, correlated with the educational resultant force emerged from a mobile environment learning experiment. The variables involved in our model are connected to the cross-disciplinary curricula, the educational time coverage disclosed by a multimedia mobile application, the multimedia concentration, and the academic performance measured just in time at the interface between formal and informal evaluation. We are proposing another educational force couple, a resultant force, which is represented by the quality attributes allocated to the mobile devices and, furthermore, to the multimedia mobile applications. We are using the assumption that a multimedia mobile application generates an educational field in front of a learner taking into consideration not only the easiness of the process by which the learner’s attention is retaining toward a mobile device. The fact that between a mobile user and a multimedia mobile application could be established a quantitative relation of physical attraction or rejection, disclosed by surveys and questionnaires including qualities attributes, was an argument for our hypothesis that educational forces encountered could be explained by a cloaking educational field where a touch screen electric impulse is only the beginning of the educational magnetism encountered at the learners.KeywordsMobile applicationsMobile learningAndroidImpact on academic performance

With the acceleration of informatization and the coverage of wireless networks, homes, conferences, schools and other places have a higher pursuit of the wireless transmission capabilities of electronic devices. Wireless screen transmission technology is used more frequently in life, work and study. This article mainly discusses the practical application of network multimedia courseware in college basketball teaching. This article first elaborates the teaching plan of multimedia courseware, including teaching content, teacher guidance, student learning and multimedia courseware. Secondly, the multimedia courseware of basketball tactics basic teaching is completed by using Flash mx2004 plug-in. After that, it specifically introduces the process of how to transmit basketball teaching content through multimedia equipment to the video network for students to learn under the wireless network environment. It emphasizes that the “wireless multimedia communication” course is an important course in the electronic information subject. Finally, through the teaching experiment, the accuracy of the multimedia teaching method was tested, and the validity of the courseware content was tested by the empirical validity evaluation method. At the same time, after the teaching experiment, in order to test the two groups of students’ mastery of the basic coordination theory of basketball tactics, the basic coordination theory of basketball tactics was tested. The experimental group had 22 students with a score of 90 or more, accounting for 27.5%, and the control group had 13 students with a score of 90 or more, accounting for 16.5%. The results show that wireless network multimedia computer-assisted teaching has a positive effect on improving students’ interest in learning.

QoS guarantee in wireless multimedia communications is a major difficulty, this paper introduces cloud technologies to ensure QoS in wireless multimedia communications. First introduced the characteristics of cloud computing technology, and research QoS guarantee in wireless multimedia communications system architecture, detailed analysis the modular of multimedia coding algorithm, adaptive control techniques and error resilience technology. Wireless multimedia communications security control technology is studied.

Advances in wireless communication and mobile computing and networking are providing us with growing business opportunities and demands for multimedia services. Consumer networks, increasingly used for multimedia information and commercial content delivery, are destined to be heterogeneous. Meanwhile, for many multimedia services, security is an important component to restrict unauthorized content access and distribution. This suggests the need for new cryptography system implementations that can operate at different data rates, i.e., be scaled to various multimedia content, different network topology, changing bandwidth, and diverse device capabilities. Encryption is used to ensure confidentiality of messages in communication. Conventional encryption schemes do not offer suitable scalability for this new set of applications. In this paper, we describe scalable encryption, discuss the applications for consumer multimedia access, present scalable encryption schemes that support various kinds of scalability, and present a scalable content access scheme using an algebraic based differentiable-decryption key public key crypto algorithm.

Recent trends in mobile computing and multimedia application demand low power digital signal processing systems (DSP). The most important block in any DSP system is a finite impulse response (FIR) filter. Here a reliable low power FIR filter is designed using Vedic multipliers which specifically perform addition and shifting operation. The addition is done using full adder with 9 transistors which use only 3 transistor XOR gate. A four tap FIR filter was implemented in microwind 2 electronic design automation tool using CMOS 90nm technology. In the proposed design the power consumption is reduced by 23% and delay has been reduced by 44% when compared with the existing FIR filters.

Current wireless network systems (e.g. metropolitan cellular) are constrained by fixed bandwidth allocations and support only a narrow range of services (voice and low bit-rate data). To overcome these constraints and advance the state of the art in wireless multimedia communications, we are developing variable-rate video and speech compression algorithms, and wireless node architectures that will enable peer-to-peer multimedia networking even with very low bandwidth. To support this objective, each wireless node must support new applications (for multimedia), advances in networking and source coding to support multimedia under limited bandwidth conditions (wireless), advances in physical layer design to support robust, low power, high packet throughput links, low power DSP for multimedia compression, and an architectural strategy to integrate these components into an efficient node. The algorithms and architectures to support this functionality are presented here, together with some preliminary results on network performance.

Corporations have been using multimedia communications for longer than they may think as any combination of two or more modes e.g. speech and pictures, can be considered multimedia. Consumer sales of personal computers are now being promoted with the low cost availability of multimedia capabilities which now include voice and music, text, graphics and video. This capability is also being promoted into corporations through the application of videoconferencing and other multimedia applications. The imminent arrival of digital wireless bearer services which will extend these capabilities to field based workers is the main technological driver for corporate use of mobile multimedia applications. Considerable obstacles remain to be overcome if the corporate uptake of mobile multimedia applications is to occur within a reasonable timescale. In this paper a number of these obstacles is identified together with mechanisms to overcome them. Experience gained with the first digital wireless bearer service-the Global System for Mobile (GSM) communications-is used to illustrate the obstacles. (4 pages)

Launch delay has been an important factor affecting users' experiences in mobile multimedia applications. To launch applications quickly, modern mobile systems such as Android usually keep inactive applications in the background and manage them through an LRU-based activity stack. Whenever the user wants to run and interact with a background application again, that application can be switched back into the foreground quickly from the activity stack without delay in initializing the applications anew. Since background multimedia applications often continuously consume the battery power of the smart phone, the challenge is to effect a balance between application launch delay and battery lifetime. In this article, we propose innovative application management strategies that terminate “unbeneficial” background applications to save energy and pre-launch “beneficial” applications to improve the application launch delay. The proposed strategies are evaluated through a trace-driven simulation and a real experiment. The results show that the average application launch delay can be reduced by 15% while the average battery lifetime is increased by 18%.

We present a distributed dynamic reservation (DDR) scheme that supports mobility in wireless multimedia communications, noting that low handover blocking and high channel utilization are possible if channel reservation can be done dynamically. As the traditional reservation schemes do not fit to handling time-varying multiclass multimedia traffic due to the involved computational complexity, we employ an elaborate two-regional approximation scheme that can reduce the computation dramatically. We approximate the channel occupancy distribution based on the observation of arrival rates, means, and variances of total calls and handover calls, which can be easily measured locally at each base station or switch in a distributed manner. The approximation is made by arranging the distribution into two regions such that a simple distribution model can be applied in each region and then joining the two regions using legitimate boundary conditions. This approximation enables us to estimate the relevant number of reservation channels very quickly, with the computational complexity reduced to the order of O(log C) for the channel capacity C. Nevertheless, the estimation turns out very close to the exact solution determined by applying the multidimensional Markov chain approach. Simulation results reveal that the proposed DDR scheme can adapt itself well to time-varying multiclass multimedia traffic and achieve high channel utilization, yet maintain a very low handover blocking probability.