A Practical Learning-Based Approach for Dynamic Storage Bandwidth Allocation

Resource allocation is a fundamental task in any PON and it is necessary to have an efficient scheme that reduces delay, maximizes bandwidth usage, and minimizes the resource wastage. A variety of dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) and dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation (DWBA) algorithms have been proposed which are based on different PONs (e.g., EPON, GPON, XG-PON, 10G EPON, etc.). But to our knowledge, no DWBA scheme for NG-PON2 system, with diverse customers and prioritized traffic, has been proposed yet. In this work, this problem is addressed and five different dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation (DWBA) schemes are proposed. First, mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models are developed to minimize the total delay of the high-priority data. Due to the MILP’s high computational complexity, heuristic algorithms are developed based on the MILP model insights. The five heuristic algorithms are: No Block-Split Heuristic (NBH), Equal Block-Split Heuristic (EBH), Priority-Based No Block-Split Heuristic (P-NBH), Priority-Based Equal Block-Split Heuristic (P-EBH), and Priority-Based Decider Block-Split Heuristic (P-DBH). Six priority classes of requests are introduced with the goal of minimizing the total delay for the high-priority data and to lessen the bandwidth wastage of the system. Finally, experiments for the performance evaluation of the five DWBA schemes are conducted. The results indicate that P-NBH, P-EBH, P-DBH schemes show a 47.63% less delay and 30% of less bandwidth wastage on average for the highest priority data transmission than the schemes without priority support (NBH and EBH). Among these five schemes, NBH method has the highest delay, whereas EBH and P-EBH waste more bandwidth than the other schemes. P-DBH is the most efficient among the five, because this scheme offers the lowest delay for high-priority data and the minimum bandwidth wastage for lower priority ones.

Optical fiber access systems are one of the driving forces behind the success of the Internet. Time- and wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) is regarded as the key technology for future Internet access networks. In this paper, we propose an ITU TWDM-PON module for the ns-3 network simulator and describe its concept and design specifications. The proposed module is developed based on the XG-PON module for ns-3. It can simulate G.989 standard-compliant data packet transmission in the upstream and downstream directions using multiple wavelength channels. It enables us to evaluate the performance issues that arise with the TWDM-PON development, including various dynamic bandwidth allocation and dynamic wavelength allocation algorithms. The proposed module is expected to become a good platform for studying future access networks composed of TWDM-PON and mobile networks by enabling us to simulate dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation.

Two major challenges pertaining to wireless asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks are the design of multiple access control (MAC), and dynamic bandwidth allocation. While the former draws more attention, the latter has been considered nontrivial and remains mostly unresolved. We propose a new intelligent multiple access control system (IMACS) which includes a versatile MAC scheme augmented with dynamic bandwidth allocation, for wireless ATM networks. IMACS supports four types of traffic-CBR, VBR, ABR, and signaling control (SCR). It aims to efficiently satisfy their diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements while retaining maximal network throughput. IMACS is composed of three components: multiple access controller (MACER), traffic estimator/predictor (TEP), and intelligent bandwidth allocator (IBA). MACER employs a hybrid-mode TDMA scheme, in which its contention access is based on a new dynamic-tree-splitting (DTS) collision resolution algorithm parameterized by an optimal splitting depth (SD). TEP performs periodic estimation and on-line prediction of ABR self-similar traffic characteristics based on wavelet analysis and a neural-fuzzy technique. IBA is responsible for static bandwidth allocation for CBR/VBR traffic following a closed-form formula. In cooperation with TEP, IBA governs dynamic bandwidth allocation for ABR/SCR traffic through determining the optimal SD. The optimal SDs under various traffic conditions are postulated via experimental results, and then off-line constructed using a back propagation neural network (BPNN), being used on-line by IBA. Consequently, with dynamic bandwidth allocation, IMACS offers various QoS guarantees and maximizes network throughput irrelevant to traffic variation.

We address issues related to efficiency, fairness, end-to-end delay minimization and quality-of-service framework in order to enable a flexible access and dynamic mission operation capability in the next generation NASA space-to-ground communication infrastructure. To provide optimal or near-optimal efficient utilization and fair allocation of bandwidth of the downlink channel while guaranteeing specific service requirements for different service classes, we propose two-level (long-term static and short-term dynamic) sharing of a slotted high data rate satellite communication link. The long-term optimal bandwidth allocation is implemented to provide per-stream/per-user service guarantee and give the inputs to the next level short-term dynamic bandwidth allocation. In our time-varying short-term bandwidth allocation with threshold regulation, a small portion of bandwidth is still assigned to all active spacecraft in advance but most bandwidth is dynamically allocated by the requests from them per frame by solving an optimal timeslot scheduling problem

Internet of Things (IoT) has played a tremendous change in the Information Technology (IT) environments, and thus its importance has also been realized within Intelligent Home Networks (IHNs). IHNs ensure comfort, safety, healthcare, automation, energy conservation, and remote management to devices and users. However, we have realized that more advanced devices and services continue to be introduced and used in IHNs. This has led to competitions of the limited available network resources, services, and bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a Novel Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (NoDBA) algorithm to deal with bandwidth management and allocation. The algorithm integrates two algorithms, namely; Offline Cooperative Algorithm (OCA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). PSO defines the priority limits for subnets and nodes in the network. Meanwhile, OCA facilitates dynamic bandwidth allocation in the network. Network Simulator-2 (NS-2) was used to simulate and evaluate NoDBA and showed improved results compared to the traditional bandwidth allocation algorithm.

This paper presents a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme for multiple services in heterogeneous networks. A utility function is introduced first, whose parameters are determined by the modified multi-state Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which adapts to different load levels according to dynamic thresholds. Based on this, a bandwidth allocation algorithm is proposed for Constant Bit Rate (CBR) and Variable Bit Rate (VBR) services depending on not only utility fairness among different networks, but also the fairness between new arrival and ongoing services. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in guaranteeing both the fairness of the edge users and the network system performance, i.e. keeping low block probability in the wireless network system.

With the advances in switching technology and network management, dynamic allocation of link bandwidth in logical networks built on top of the physical transmission network is possible. An algorithm for dynamic bandwidth allocation is proposed. The proposed algorithm integrates bandwidth allocation of the packet switched network and the circuit-switched network. Flexible channel assignment of logical links and inverse multiplexing are considered to ensure full flexibility. Extensive numerical results are obtained. A simulation system is built to test the dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm in discrete event simulation. >

The IEEE initialized a working group to study the 100 Gb/s next-generation passive optical networks (NG-EPON). A key technology adopted by NG-EPON is channel bonding, which enables optical network units (ONUs) to transmit data on multiple wavelength channels simultaneously to achieve higher peak rates. In the upstream, ONUs share the bandwidth of each wavelength in a time-division multiplexing manner, and dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation (DWBA) coordinates ONU upstream transmission. If an ONU is granted transmission of data on multiple wavelengths simultaneously, frame reordering will occur due to simultaneous parallel transmission, which needs to be minimized because buffer and extra processing time are needed to restore the original framesequence. For a group of ONUs, DWBA can grant each ONU transmission on either a single wavelength or multiple wavelengths without affecting total bandwidth occupation. Since ONUs transmitting on single wavelength can get rid of frame reordering, different DWBA algorithms can result in different numbers of ONUs suffering frame reordering. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of DWBA algorithms on frame reordering in NG-EPON. A DWBA algorithm for mitigating frame reordering without affecting bandwidth utilization is proposed. The theoretical upper bound of a frame-reordered ONU number with the proposed algorithm is also analyzed. The performances (in terms of frame-reordered ONU number and packet delay) of DWBA algorithms are evaluated through simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can mitigate frame reordering efficiently and reduce packet delay as well.

A kind of dynamic wavelength and bandwidth allocation (DWBA) algorithm of WDM-EPON was studied and then improved to guarantee QoS of multiple-services access. MPCP extension with modified REQUEST message and GRANT message are also proposed.The simulation results based on OPNET indicates the improved algorithm performed well in successful QoS assurance.

Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs) are considered the most promising solutions for upgrading the cur- rent congested access networks to enable the delivery of broad- band integrated services. Although current EPON architectures are economically feasible, they are however bandwidth limited. In this paper, we discuss a simple upgrade architecture from EPON to WDM-PON. We present various Dynamic Wavelength and Bandwidth Allocation algorithms (DWBAs) that exploit both inter-channel and intra-channel statistical multiplexing in order to achieve good performance. We use extensive simulation experiments to validate our reasoning. I. INTRODUCTION

Feature Issue on Optical Access Networks (OAN) As an inexpensive, simple, and scalable solution for broadband access, Ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs) have the capability of delivering integrated broadband services to the end users. A critical issue of EPONs is the utility of a shared upstream channel among the local users, and thus an efficient bandwidth allocation mechanism is required to facilitate statistical multiplexing among the local network traffic. In this paper we propose a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme, i.e., limited sharing with traffic prediction (LSTP), for upstream channel sharing over EPONs. LSTP enables dynamic bandwidth negotiation between the optical line terminal (OLT) and its associated optical network units (ONUs), alleviates data delay by predicting the traffic arrived during the waiting time and prereserving a portion of bandwidth for delivery, and avoids the aggressive bandwidth competition by upper bounding the allocated bandwidth to each ONU. Theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the feasibility of LSTP by showing that LSTP outperforms other existing schemes with respect to QoS metrics of data delay and data loss.

In this project, we proposed a framework to support heterogenous traffic with different QoS demand in WiMAX. This framework dynamically changes the bandwidth allocation (BA) for ongoing and new arrival connections based on network condition andservice demand. The objective is to efficiently use the available bandwidth and provide QoS support in a fair manner. Dynamic allocation of spectrum prior to transmission can mitigate the starvation problem of Non Real time application. The WFQ based dynam ic bandwidth allocation framework uses architecture that has packet scheduler scheme (PS), call admission policy and a dynamic bandwidth allocation mechanism. By the simulation result we have showed that this architecture could provide QoS support by bei ng fair to all classes of services.

The rapid increasing traffic in data centers (DCs) puts tremendous pressure to the present multi-tier network architectures and electrical switching techniques. Switching traffic in the optical domain featuring ultra-high bandwidth, therefore, has been intensively investigated to build the high capacity data center networks (DCNs). To handle the variable traffic pattern in DCs, the network reconfigurability with adaptable optical bandwidth allocation is of key importance to flexibly assign the optical bandwidth. To this end, we propose and experimentally evaluate a software-defined networking enabled reconfigurable optical DCN with dynamic bandwidth allocation in this work, based on novel optical top of racks exploiting a wavelength selective switch. Experimental assessments show that the proposed solution can automatically reallocate the optical bandwidth in real-time to adapt the dynamic traffic pattern. Compared with the conventional optical DCN with static bandwidth provision, the end-to-end latency performance of the reconfigurable scheme with adaptable bandwidth allocation improves of 58.3% and the average packet loss decreases one order of magnitude. Moreover, the reconfigurable optical DCN features deterministic latency performance, with much lower time variations of packets delivery completion. Based on the experimental parameters, the simulation platform is also built to validate the good scalability of the proposed reconfigurable DCN. Numerical results illustrate the negligible performance degradation (11%) as the network scales from 2560 to 40 960 servers.

The Ethernet passive optical network is being regarded as the most promising for next-generation optical access solutions in the access networks. In time division multiplexing, passive optical network technology (TDM-PON) and the dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) play a crucial key role to achieve efficient bandwidth allocation and fairness among subscribers. Therefore, the traffic prediction in DBA during the waiting time must be put into the account. In this paper, we propose a new prediction approach with an evolutionary algorithm genetic expression programming (GEP) prediction incorporated with Limited IPACT referred as GLI-DBA to tackle the queue variation during waiting times as well as to reduce the high-priority packet delay. Simulation results show that the GEP prediction in DBA can reduce the expedited forwarding (EF) packet delay, shorten the EF queue length, enhance the quality of services and maintain the fairness among the optical network units (ONUs). We conducted and evaluated the detail simulation in two different scenarios with distinctive traffic proportion. Simulation results show that the GLI-DBA has EF packet delay improvement up to 30 % over dynamic bandwidth allocation for multiple of services (DBAM). It also shows that our proposed prediction scheme performs better than the DBAM when the number of ONUs increases.

Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) is an important problem for upstream transmission in Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) systems. We propose a generalized scheduling mechanism for bandwidth allocation with a view to dissolution of the paradox between efficiency (utilization) and dynamism. Our scheme is shown to work for both TDM PONs as well as hybrid TDM/WDM PONs and pure WDM PONs as well as Next Generation PONs (NGPONs). While conventional bandwidth scheduling schemes pose efficiency as well as fairness issues, our proposed algorithm overcomes these. Three extensions as part of our scheduling technique include: 1) a K-out-of-N scheme to increase efficiency, with a general choice of K being a performance driven parameter; 2) strategic scaling to promote dynamism and reduce bandwidth starvation; and 3) a valuation based strategy that is uniquely tailored to reflect different service requirements. A thorough stochastic analysis based on a Markov-model is presented to compute the network-wide parameters such as delay, optimality and throughput. A detailed simulation model measures the performance of our scheme for latency, dynamism, efficiency and blocking comparing the analytical results with other techniques for dynamic bandwidth allocation in PONs.