A program for handling multiple phases of the design cycle in process control system design

Process Control Algorithms for Microprocessors

The main features of additive electron beam process control system using filler wire and modern trends in design of process control systems are considered. The main way to control heat power generated in liquid metal bath during building-up welding is proven regulation of electron beam current by varying bias voltage of the electron gun. Technological advantages of pulse beam current control method in comparison with continuous one are confirmed. Specific features and process limitations of the method are shown. The method of tuning the accelerating voltage and beam current is proposed, which provides regulatory quality indicators that meet the requirements of electron beam technology.

Using data series obtained by experiments at the Marine Renewable Energy Laboratory of the University of Michigan, a Data-Driven Model is constructed for further investigation of the Process Dynamics and Control System Design and Configuration. This will enable advances in hydrokinetic energy harvesting using Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) and galloping, or more generally, Flow Induced Oscillations (FIO). Typically in such energy converters, one or more multiple bluff bodies, such as cylinders are suspended on springs in a water flow (currents, tides, rivers). In commonly encountered flows, oscillations are induced to the bluff rigid bodies due to vortex shedding in their wake, or due to lift instabilities in galloping, or both. These phenomena are dependent on stiffness, damping, mass ratio and the resulting vortex shedding frequency. The experiments in the cases investigated generated position signal recordings for one or two cylinders used as bluff bodies in FIO in a cross-flow. The position signals are used to set up a dynamic model. The model equation helps in gaining insight into the dynamics and underlying physics of the modeled FIO and can be used for Control System Tuning and Verification.

Designing, building, commissioning, operating and maintaining multiple complex cryogenics process control systems involves many challenges. For several years, CERN has developed various solutions to help with the whole lifecycle of a cryogenic process control system. This has allowed the production of quality and highly reliable cryogenic control and electrical systems. This paper will present the use of these innovative and automated tools and their evolution; focusing in the first part on continuous integration practices applied to the production of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) software. The second part will develop the practical applications for software upgrades implemented for the cryogenics processes of non-LHC detectors and test facilities at CERN. Finally, a detailed description of the approach to a standardized generation of electrical drawing for cryogenic systems will be presented along with concrete solutions already successfully implemented in operation.

Application of a Distributed Microcomputer Based Control System in a New Petrochemical Plant

The process control applications are highly dynamic and it is very crucial for the system to maintain its state, any deviation from the desired state will affect the quality of the products, the energy consumption, wastage of raw material and this will impact the overall operational costs and economy of the industry. So, it becomes crucial for the control systems to maintain their states during the operation even under the influence of uncertainties and unwanted disturbances. This chapter explores one such example of an uncertain pH neutralization process. The work focuses on the multi-objective design of controllers considering the robustness and tracking performance objectives. The controller synthesis problem has been expressed as an optimization problem and multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with decomposition has been used to find the optimal gains and the performance of the obtained controller has also been compared with the controllers designed using classical control methodologies and the results obtained established the superiority of the designed controller.

Introducing uncertainty analysis of nucleation and crystal growth models in Process Analytical Technology (PAT) system design of crystallization processes

Computer-aided multivariable control system design for processes with time delays

An ideal combination of process control and operation planning can reduce system cost and maximize economic and environmental benefits. This research proposed an integrated simulation-based process control and operation planning (IS-PCOP) system by using neural networks, genetic algorithm, multistage principle, and Monte Carlo simulation. It could well link process control and operation planning by simultaneously adopting different time-scales in computation. The hourly process control strategy forwarded the results to the operation planning module where long-term arrangements could be further evaluated. The use of ANN modeling also played a key role in predicting the nonlinear behavior of complex processes. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation yielded a better insight on uncertainties, which may arise from a number of different sources. A case study on marine wastewater management was carried out to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. Six different treatment standards (i.e., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 μg L?1) were examined over a 20-day period and the 20 μg L?1 standard appeared to be the most economic option with a mean net cost of $18 per day. As compared to the traditional operation planning without process control, the integrated approach achieved more economically competitive results. By addressing the uncertainties and expressing the results in probability distributions, the decision makers would have more confidence in making decisions on both short- and long-term operations. It was concluded that the combination of process control and operation planning could help meet the economic objectives and ensure timely completion of the tasks.

Operator adaptation in process control: A three-year research program

Chapter 6 - Protecting Critical Infrastructure: Process Control and SCADA

Intelligent process-control system design

This paper aims to discuss the design and implementation of automatic control system for chemical production line based on PLC. With the rapid development of chemical industry and the intensification of market competition, it has become an important demand for chemical enterprises to improve production efficiency, ensure product quality and realize automation and intelligence of production process. Firstly, this paper analyzes the characteristics and requirements of chemical production line, as well as the requirements and objectives of automatic control system. Then, the overall architecture design, hardware design, software design, system implementation and testing process of the automatic control system of chemical production line based on PLC are described in detail. The feasibility and effectiveness of the system are verified by the analysis of practical application cases. The research results show that the automatic control system of chemical production line based on PLC can significantly improve production efficiency, reduce production costs, ensure product quality and enhance the market competitiveness of chemical enterprises. The research in this paper provides new ideas and methods for the design and implementation of automatic control system in chemical industry.

Control systems for technological processes in the agro-industrial complex include the functions of dispatch control; the specificity of the tasks of dispatch control is that the algorithms for their solutions are difficult to programme using conventional means. As a tool for programming dispatching tasks, programming in the decision table language is best suited. The article proposes a heuristic algorithm for the formation of a decision tree with the least complexity index for a given logically complete and consistent decision table. This algorithm is developed on the basis of the sequential branching method, in which the row of the ternary matrix of the decision table corresponding to the minimum values of the parameter of the weighted sum of spaces and two additional row parameters, one of which is the parameter of the regulation of the structural scheme of the decision tree—from maximum stretched to balanced. The proposed tools for the automatic programming of dispatching tasks can be recommended for the design of automatic process control systems for various purposes.

Garlic is a very profitable plant, both used as a spice in cooking and medicine. Garlic can also be processed by fermentation and produce black garlic. The garlic fermentation process requires temperature and humidity, both parameters must be monitored and controlled stably. Corresponding With that, a black garlic fermentation tool can be designed by utilizing the NRF node as a communication medium between the fermentation tool and user. In this tool, system control is carried out by Arduino Uno microcontroller which has an input in the form of a DHT21 sensor, this sensor will detect the temperature and humidity in the fermentation tool. The fermentation process takes 2-4 weeks, so this requires timing using RTC. From the results of the temperature, humidity and time information using the communication node between the fermentation tool and monitoring room will be displayed on LCD. In the monitoring room there is a microcontroller which is equipped with a GSM module to send temperature and humidity conditions in the oven to the web every day. The design of fermentation device is 2 electric ovens. On the inside of the oven there is a DHT21 sensor to detect temperature and humidity, and there is a fan that is useful for maintaining the oven temperature conditions to remain stable. In black garlic fermentation using a temperature of 40-50 ° C, time for 21 weeks and a total weight of 3.24 kg in each oven to get the desired maturity of black garlic fermentation.