A proof of Fermat's last Theorem using elementary algebra

In 1995, A, Wiles announced, using cyclic groups ( a subject area which was not available at the time of Fermat), a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, which is stated as follows: If is an odd prime and x; y; z; are relatively prime positive integers, then z 6= x + y: In this note, an elegant proof of this result is given. It is proved, using elementary algebra, that if is an odd prime and x; y; z are positive integers satisfying z = x+y; then z; x; y are each divisible by :

Integers without large prime factors

Introduction 1. Primes in arithmetic progressions 2. The main theorems II.Oscillation theorems for sifting functions 3. The statements 4. Proof of Theorem B2 5. Proof of Proposition 3.1 6. Proof of Proposition 3.2 7. Proof of Theorem C: preliminaries 8. Proof of Theorem C: completion 9. Proof of Theorem Bl 10.Proof of Theorem B3 III.Oscillation theorems for primes 11.Proof of Theorem Al 12. Proof of Theorem A2 13.Proofs of Theorem A3 and Proposition 2.1 I. INTRODUCTION 1. PRIMES IN ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONSFor x ~ 2 real, q a positive integer, and a an integer coprime to q, let 0 and ~ be defined by (1.1) O(x; q, a) = E logp = qJZq) (1 +~(x; q, a)), p~x p=amodq

On the periodic solutions emerging from the cylindrical precession of an axisymmetric satellite in a circular orbit

Structure analysis of periodically controlled chemical processes

This paper presents a k-ary Montgomery modular inverse algorithm over nonbinary computers by using Sedjelmaci's right shift k-ary greatest common divisor scheme. Over traditional binary computers, Kaliski's scheme can output Montgomery modular inverse Q − 12n mod P, where P is coprime to Q and n is the bit length of P. Over k-ary computers, our algorithm can discover the k-ary Montgomery inverse Q − 1km mod P, where P, Q, and k are pairwise relatively prime positive integers and m = log kP. In the worst case, the computational cost of our algorithm is O(m2)k-ary digit operations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A comment on the proof of Fermat's last theorem

In this paper, we investigate the existence of fixed points that are not necessarily unique in the setting of extended b-metric space. We state some examples to illustrate our results.

Let $P$ and $Q$ be nonzero integers. Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas sequences are defined as follows: $U_{0}(P,Q)=0,U_{1}(P,Q)=1,$ and $ U_{n+1}(P,Q)=PU_{n}(P,Q)+QU_{n-1}(P,Q)$ for $n\geq 1$ and $ V_{0}(P,Q)=2,V_{1}(P,Q)=P,$ and $V_{n+1}(P,Q)=PV_{n}(P,Q)+QV_{n-1}(P,Q)$ for $n\geq 1,$ respectively. In this paper, we assume that $P$ and $Q$ are relatively prime odd positive integers and $P^{2}+4Q>0.$ We determine all indices $n$ such that $U_{n}=(P^{2}+4Q)x^{2}.$ Moreover, we determine all indices $n$ such that $(P^{2}+4Q)U_{n}=x^{2}.$ As a result, we show that the equation $V_{n}^{2}(P,1)+V_{n+1}^{2}(P,1)=x^{2}$ has solution only for $n=2,$ $P=1,$ $x=5$ and $V_{n+1}^{2}(P,-1)=V_{n}^{2}(P,-1)+x^{2}$ has no solutions. Moreover, we solve some Diophantine equations.

Marden's theorem characterizes the critical points of complex polynomials of degree 3 in a nice geometrical way. Our proof of the theorem is based directly on the defining property of ellipses.

Given an abelian group G of order n, and a finite non-empty subset A of integers, the Davenport constant of G with weightA, denoted by DA(G), is defined to be the least positive integer t such that, for every sequence (x1,..., xt) with xi ∈ G, there exists a non-empty subsequence \((x_{j_1},\ldots, x_{j_l})\) and ai ∈ A such that \(\sum_{i=1}^{l}a_ix_{j_i} = 0\). Similarly, for an abelian group G of order n, EA(G) is defined to be the least positive integer t such that every sequence over G of length t contains a subsequence \((x_{j_1} ,\ldots, x_{j_n})\) such that \(\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_ix_{j_i} = 0\), for some ai ∈ A. When G is of order n, one considers A to be a non-empty subset of {1,..., n − 1 }. If G is the cyclic group \({\Bbb Z}/n{\Bbb Z}\), we denote EA(G) and DA(G) by EA(n) and DA(n) respectively.

Gorenstein simplices with a given [formula omitted]-polynomial

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We consider the exponential Diophantine equation $a^{x}+b^{y}=c^{z}$ in positive integers $x$, $y$ and $z$, where $a$, $b$ and $c$ are fixed pair-wise relatively prime positive integers greater than one. In this paper, we obtain several upper bounds for solutions $x$, $y$ and $z$ for which two of $x$, $y$ and $z$ are even. As their applications, we solve exponential Diophantine equations in which $a$, $b$ and $c$ are expressed as terms of linearly recurrence sequences.

A very simple proof of the polynomial matrix spectral factorization theorem (on the unit circle as well as on the real line), which relies on elementary complex analysis and linear algebra, is presented.