A Semantic Architecture for E-Commerce

On the web, several key emerging technologies are shaping the landscape and creating for members of web-based communities a whole new experience. In particular the semantic web, web services, The Grid and related technologies are on their way to transform the way users interact on the web. As an illustration of this potential transformation, we propose in this article the application of the semantic web technology to a new breed of web-based community called weblogs. For convenience, parts of the content of blogs are described in the Rich Site Summary (RSS) format to be automatically read by an aggregator called a feed reader. However, the enormous number of blogs on the web makes it difficult for a single person to track down all documents of interest on a particular subject. To assist a blog user, we developed a search service based on the semantic web technology.

An weighted ontology-based semantic similarity algorithm for web service

Exploiting tourism destinations’ knowledge in an RDF-based P2P network

The convergence of the Semantic Web and Grid technologies has resulted in the Semantic Grid. The great effort devoted in by the Semantic Web community to achieve the semantic markup of Web services (what we call Semantic Web Services) has yielded many markup technologies and initiatives, from which the Semantic Grid technology should benefit as, in recent years, it has become Web service-oriented. Keeping this fact in mind, our first premise in this work is to reuse the ODESWS Framework for the Knowledge-based markup of Grid services. Initially ODESWS was developed to enable users to annotate, design, discover and compose Semantic Web Services at the Knowledge Level. But at present, if we want to reuse it for annotating Grid services, we should carry out a detailed study of the characteristics of Web services and Grid services and thus, we will learn where they differ and why. Only when this analysis is performed should we know how to extend our theoretical framework for describing Grid services. Finally, we present the ODESGS Framework, which is the result of having applied the extensions identified to the aforementioned Semantic Web Services description framework.

Background. The complexity and inter-related nature of biological data poses a difficult challenge for data and tool integration. There has been a proliferation of interoperability standards and projects over the past decade, none of which has been widely adopted by the bioinformatics community. Recent attempts have focused on the use of semantics to assist integration, and Semantic Web technologies are being welcomed by this community.Description.SADI – Semantic Automated Discovery and Integration – is a lightweight set of fully standards-compliant Semantic Web service design patterns that simplify the publication of services of the type commonly found in bioinformatics and other scientific domains. Using Semantic Web technologies at every level of the Web services “stack”, SADI services consume and produce instances of OWL Classes following a small number of very straightforward best-practices. In addition, we provide codebases that support these best-practices, and plug-in tools to popular developer and client software that dramatically simplify deployment of services by providers, and the discovery and utilization of those services by their consumers. Conclusions. SADI Services are fully compliant with, and utilize only foundational Web standards; are simple to create and maintain for service providers; and can be discovered and utilized in a very intuitive way by biologist end-users. In addition, the SADI design patterns significantly improve the ability of software to automatically discover appropriate services based on user-needs, and automatically chain these into complex analytical workflows. We show that, when resources are exposed through SADI, data compliant with a given ontological model can be automatically gathered, or generated, from these distributed, non-coordinating resources - a behavior we have not observed in any other Semantic system. Finally, we show that, using SADI, data dynamically generated from Web services can be explored in a manner very similar to data housed in static triple-stores, thus facilitating the intersection of Web services and Semantic Web technologies.

The Web, as we know it, is a collection of human readable pages that are virtually unintelligible to computer programs. For that reason, it has been called the “eyeball” Web. While the Web emerged as a World Wide repository of digitized information, by and large, the very same information is not available for automatic computation. In recent years two parallel efforts emerged that have the potential of overcoming this paradox: the first effort is the Semantic Web which provides the tools for the explicit markup of the content of Web pages; the second effort is the development of Web Services which results in a Web where programs act as independent agents to become the producers and consumers of information and enable automation of business transactions.In this talk I will focus on research that attempts to bridge the gap between the Web as we know it, the Semantic Web and Web services. Under this approach, I propose the vision of Web services as autonomous goal-directed agents which select other agents to interact with, and flexibly negotiate their interaction model, acting at times in client server mode, or at other times in peer to peer mode. The resulting Web services, that I call Autonomous Semantic Web services, utilize ontologies and semantically annotated Web pages to automate the fulfillment of tasks and transactions with other Web agents. In particular, Autonomous Semantic Web services use the Semantic Web to support capability based discovery and interoperation at run time. A first step towards this vision is the development of formal languages and inference mechanisms for representing and reasoning with core concepts of Web services. DAML-S (the Darpa Agent Markup Language for Services) is the first attempt to define such a language. I will give a brief overview of DAML-S and its relations with the Semantic Web and Web services. In addition, I will provide concrete examples of computational models of how DAML-S can be viewed as the first step in bridging the gap between the Semantic Web and current proposed industry standards for Web services. I will provide concrete examples of DAML-S in action, discuss challenges still open in the bridging between the Semantic Web and Web services and provide a roadmap to get us from today’s Web to the Web of autonomous Semantic Web services.KeywordsFormal LanguageCore ConceptDigitize InformationAutomatic ComputationBusiness TransactionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

A few years ago, e-commerce applications were mainly focused on handling transactions and managing catalogs. Applications automated only a small portion of the electronic transaction process, for example: taking orders, scheduling shipments, and providing customer service. E-commerce was held back by closed markets that could not use distributed services, due to the use of incompatible communication protocols. Recently, business needs are evolving beyond transaction support to include requirements for the interoperability and integration of heterogeneous, autonomous, and distributed service. Enabling technologies and business-centered design methodologies have addressed the shortcomings of contemporary e-commerce applications. New technological development such as Web services, Web processes, and semantics have allowed the creation of a new bread of e-commerce applications which can orchestrate cross-organizational and distributed services. Web services and processes refer to a set of technologies that can universally standardize the communication of applications in order to connect systems, services, business partners, and customers cost-effectively through the World Wide Web. Semantics provide an agreed understanding of information between and among Web services encouraging the development of interoperable systems that can help create and support new collections of services to better meet the demands and expectations of customers. In this article, we present seven reasons why semantics should be an integral part of Web services and Web processes technology managing e-commerce applications.

A few years ago, e-commerce applications were mainly focused on handling transactions and managing catalogs. Applications automated only a small portion of the electronic transaction process, for example: taking orders, scheduling shipments, and providing customer service. E-commerce was held back by closed markets that could not use distributed services, due to the use of incompatible communication protocols. Recently, business needs are evolving beyond transaction support to include requirements for the interoperability and integration of heterogeneous, autonomous, and distributed service. Enabling technologies and business-centered design methodologies have addressed the shortcomings of contemporary e-commerce applications. New technological development such as Web services, Web processes, and semantics have allowed the creation of a new bread of e-commerce applications which can orchestrate cross-organizational and distributed services. Web services and processes refer to a set of technologies that can universally standardize the communication of applications in order to connect systems, services, business partners, and customers cost-effectively through the World Wide Web. Semantics provide an agreed understanding of information between and among Web services encouraging the development of interoperable systems that can help create and support new collections of services to better meet the demands and expectations of customers. In this article, we present seven reasons why semantics should be an integral part of Web services and Web processes technology managing e-commerce applications.

Semantic web technology can be applied to a wide range of application domains. Educational-offer selection is an area of the education domain, which can benefit greatly from the application of semantic web technology. The paper explores the educational-offer selection problem as an application of semantic web technology. It specifically deals with the problem of higher education admission. A semantic web-based model for educational-offer selection is presented. Further, Semantic Web Service (SWS) selection and composition models are shown to be applicable to the problem of educational-offer selection. A prototype system, implementing semantic web-based educational-offer selection, is presented.

Common Services researched by Service Science have four major provision modes: web page mode, local client mode, web service mode and cloud service mode. Currently the most common used is Web Service mode. And now most Web Services provided by every Service Provider access and discovery strategy is still based on keyword search's UDDI. Services returned to users often can't be called. This paper will raise a new Web Service access and discovery strategy which combines with Search Engine technology and Semantic Web technology. Search engine technology provides a search capability based on lexical analysis and grammar analysis while Semantic Web technology provides a matching and scoring capability based on semantic information. Search result lists returned to users will sort from higher score to lower score. This Web Service discovery strategy will improve service's recall ratio and precision and it is very practical in engineering.

EUROLAN, which has been held biennially since 1993, is one of the most significant European summer schools in the area of natural language processing. Each of the EUROLAN sessions has focused on an area of timely interest to researchers in the field; this year's EUROLAN involved students in tutorials and hands-on sessions concerned with semantic web technologies as applied to language processing, ontology creation and use, and consideration of the semantic web's potential and limitations.

Semantic Web Services are the key technology providing services for the users' convenience in the semantic web environment. Many companies in various fields are researching and developing languages for constructing Semantic Web Services such as DAML-S, WSDL, X-LANG and BPEL4WS. DAML-S is a method that accesses the existing Web Service method from a semantic web environment. However, the current Semantic Web Services Discovery System does not provide sufficient processing of quality factors (performance, accessibility, availability, reliability and transaction) nor reliable and accurate service results desired by the user through a UDDi search method. The present study analyzes the disadvantages of the current web services and suggests a Semantic Web Services Discovery System based on QoS applying semantic web technologies as a solution to the problems. The suggested system provides a UDDi and DAML-S based discovery engine to allow efficient web service discovery and composition.

Advent of technologies like semantic web, multi-agent systems, web mining has changed the internet as knowledge provider. Web personalization offers a solution to the information overload problem in current web by providing users a personalized experience, considering their interest, behavior, context and emotions. Semantic web technology is based on use of software agents, ontologies and reasoning to add meaning to web information. An important technology for achieving personalization is the use of independent intelligent software agents. This work reviews, web personalization in the light of semantic web and software agent technology. A comparative study of recent works in the domain of web personalization has been carried out for this purpose. This review highlights ample scope for application of intelligent agents in the web personalization domain for solving many existing issues like personalized content management, user profile learning, modeling and adaptive interactions with users.

Web services (WS) are manually mediated with phases such as discovery, selection, composition and invocation. WS uses syntactic description available in WSDL, which are human understandable. WS discovery and selection is made through keyword matching that produces unrelated WS, which raises the problem of finding the exact WS. To overcome this issue the search can be made to produce related web services semantically for which WS should present as semantic web service (SWS). For this human understandable description should be changed into machine understandable description. In the current Web the availability of WS is more populated than SWS, which is described in OWL-S. There is a need for transformation from WS into SWS and this paper proposes a framework for conversion. The WSDL document has two types such as simple and complex. During this conversion simple type remains unchanged, because of attribute element names and complex type contains elements values that are converted into OWL-S. The conversion is implemented and evaluated. The result outperforms the similar conversion method.

Summary form only given. The emerging concept of semantic Web services aims at more sophisticated Web Service technologies: on basis of semantic description frameworks, intelligent mechanisms are envisioned for discovery, composition, and contracting of Web services. The tutorial explains the current state of the art in semantic Web services on basis of the Web service modeling ontology WSMO and related initiatives. Commencing from the vision and arising challenges for semantic Web services, the tutorial in detail explains the specifications of recent frameworks for semantic Web services and presents the Web service execution environment WSMX as the WSMO reference implementation. The tutorial consists of three main sections that subsequently provide a complete overview of semantic Web services and the latest status of WSMO. The tutorial addresses academic as well as industrial researches and developers that are working with Web services and are interested in semantic Web services.