A STUDY ON PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITY AMONG STUDENTS OF GOVT. SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL : A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Problem-solving abilities are one of the requirements that must be owned in facing the 21st century. In order for the problem-solving ability to be owned by everyone, it needs to be developed from school age. However, in fact, students' problem-solving ability is still low, especially in solving numeracy literacy problems. In addition, to prove problem-solving ability, habits of mind are needed as an attitude that allows individuals to develop behavioral intelligence based on stimulus in the process of solving problems. This study aims to describe and analyze students' problem-solving ability in solving numeracy literacy problems based on Polya's Theory in terms of habits of mind. The research questions are: 1) How is the problem-solving ability of students who have high habits of mind? 2) How is the problem-solving ability of students who have moderate habits of mind? and 3) How is the problem-solving ability of students who have low habits of mind? The subjects of this study were 28 eighth-grade students in one of the junior high schools in Bandung City, West Java. Data collection in this study used numeracy literacy problem-solving ability tests, habits of mind questionnaires, and interview guidelines to confirm the problem-solving ability tests and habits of mind questionnaires. The analysis results showed that: 1) Students with high habits of mind have high and moderate problem-solving ability; 2) Students with medium habits of mind have high and medium problem-solving ability; and 3) Students with low habits of mind have medium and low problem-solving ability.

This research aims to develop Class IV Mathematics Comic Media with Fraction Material that is valid, practical and effective to improve elementary school students' problem solving abilities and interest in learning mathematics subjects. This research method is development research or Research and Development (R & D). The procedure used is to simplify the Borg & Gall development model (in Sugiyono, 2015: 298-331) which consists of 10 steps, in this research it will be limited to the seventh step. The population in this study is the population in this study are students at SD Negeri 02 Amban. The research sample chosen was class IV students for the 2023/2024 academic year. The sample in this study was divided into two, namely class IV A students as the experimental class and class IV B students as the control class. Data collection techniques used in this research include questionnaires, interviews, validator assessment sheets, and problem solving ability tests. The data analysis techniques used in this research consist of three, namely validity, practicality and effectiveness data analysis. The research instruments consisting of learning implementation plans, student worksheets, comic media, problem solving ability tests, and learning interest questionnaires that have been developed are in the very good category based on the assessments of the three validators. Practicality obtained a positive response from students of 88.6%, which is in the very practical category. Students' problem solving abilities are better than the problem solving abilities of Control class students. The average problem solving ability of Control Class students is 60.31, while the average problem solving ability of experimental class students is 72.50. There is an influence of interest in learning on students' problem solving abilities.

The objectives of this study are (1) to test the mathematical problem solving ability with RME learning model assisted by Jarimatika better than the mathematical problem solving ability with conventional learning, (2) to test the mathematical problem solving ability with RME model assisted by Jarimatika better than the mathematical problem solving ability with conventional learning, (3) to test the improvement of mathematical problem solving ability with RME model assisted by Jarimatika better than the improvement of mathematical problem solving ability with conventional learning. This research is a pure experimental research. The design was pre test post test control group design. The population was fifth grade students at Jatilawang 1 State Elementary School and Kemantran 1 and 2 State Elementary School. While the sample was first grade Jatilawang 1 State Elementary School as the experimental class and Kemantran 1 State Elementary School as the control class. Data collection techniques in this study were documentation and tests. The data analysis used in this research (1) mathematical problem solving ability completeness test (one sample t test) and classical completeness test, (2) mathematical problem solving ability average difference test (independent t test), and two proportion difference test, (3) mathematical problem solving ability improvement test. The results of this study are (1) The problem solving ability of students with the RME model assisted by teaching materials exceeds 70, and the proportion of students with the RME model assisted by teaching materials reaches the completion of problem solving ability exceeds 80%. (2) The problem solving ability of students with RME model assisted by teaching materials is better than the problem solving ability of students with conventional learning, and the proportion of students with RME model assisted by teaching materials achieving completeness of problem solving ability is more than or equal to students with conventional learning, (3) the improvement of students' problem solving ability with RME assisted by teaching materials is better than the improvement of students' problem solving ability with conventional learning, (4) the influence of curiousity on problem solving ability is 90%. The implication of this research is that the use of the RME model assisted by Jarimatics can develop problem solving abilities, problem solving abilities with the RME model assisted by Jarimatics are better than conventional models.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of interactive multimedia in gas ideal teaching on problem-solving ability performance of prospective teacher. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The method used is quasi experiment with pretest-posttest control design. A test of problem solving ability consisting of six essay questions. Sample were selected by random method (probability sampling). The experimental groups of 40 students was taught by interactive multimedia in gas ideal teaching while the control group of 40 students was taught by traditional method. Hypothesis testing is used by the t-tes. Finding: The finding of this study was the experimental classes that are taught with interactive multi-media in gas ideal learning get an average score of problem solving abilities is 80.50 and the control class taught with conventional learning obtains problem solving abilities with an average of 74.96. The data above showed that t count> t table (3,514> 1,667), that the problem-solving ability of students who learned physics using interactive multi-mediabased problem solving was better than of students who learned through conventional methods. In addition, in ideal gas learning based on interactive multimedia students conduct problem solving and physical symptom exercises shown by multi-media, so that they understand physics thoroughly and are skilled at performing problem-solving tasks. Multi-media helped them emphasize and engage actively in problem-solving process as it is related to real materials and real life situations which made it easier for them to remember. Application/Improvements: To improve this media, the involvement of students in problem-solving task and multi-media helps retention of students’ knowledge and motivates interest can be applied to other physical materials. Keywords: Ability, Ideal Gas, Improved, Interactive Multimedia, Problem-Solving, Teaching

Nursing students should be prepared in their areas of education to practice their abilities in problem solving which increase their self esteem. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was assessing self-esteem among nursing students at Technical Institute of Nursing at Benha and Ain Shams University through: identifying nursing students knowledge about problem solving at Technical Institute of Nursing at Benha and Ain Shams University, measuring nursing students problem solving abilities at Technical Institute of Nursing at Benha and Ain Shams University, also investigating the relation between students problem solving abilities and their self-esteem at Technical Institute of Nursing at Benha and Ain Shams University. Design: Cross-sectional analytical study was utilized to conduct the study .Setting: The study was conducted at Benha and Ain Shams Technical Institute of Nursing .The study sample: composed of 285 nursing students as: 210 students from Benha University and 75 students from Ain Shams University were recruited for the study. Tools of data collection: Three tools were utilized for data collection of this study; problem solving knowledge questionnaire sheet composed of 21 multiple choose questions, problem solving abilities questionnaire sheet composed of six groups of questions and self –esteem scale composed of 20 items divided into three sub-scales. Results: The study findings revealed that the majority of students (74.4%) were having unsatisfactory total knowledge of problem solving, less than two thirds (61.4 %) having total adequate problem solving ability and slightly less than half of the nursing students (48.1%) were having high self esteem. Conclusion: There was statistically significant positive correlation between problem solving knowledge and abilities, also there was statistically significant positive correlation between nursing student's self esteem and their problem solving abilities. The study recommended: Technical Institutes of Nursing should adopt problem solving educational approach with training teachers in its application and students need more support and practice to increase their abilities, skills and increasing their self esteem which needs some consideration. Further research is suggested to assess the effectiveness of improving problem solving abilities of nursing students on their self esteem.

The background of this research problem is the lack of students' ability to associate the concepts they learn with the problems that exist in their environment. In addition to the lack of maximum problem solving abilities of students who, if seen from the causal elements, one of them is the inappropriate learning method applied by the teacher. The problem discussed in this study is about students' problem solving abilities in the function subject in class VIII Al-Junaidiyah Mandailing Natal District. How is the problem solving ability of students in the function subject in class VIII Al-Junaidiyah Mandailing Natal District ?. Problem solving ability is one of the mathematical abilities that can facilitate students in solving problems in mathematics. This study aims to find out how students' problem solving abilities when faced with math problems students VIII Al-Junaidiyah Mandailing Natal District. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive approach method. The research subjects were class VIII Al-Junaidiyah Mandailing Natal District as many as 25 students. To obtain this research data using interview instruments and tests. Data analysis used is tabulation with the application of descriptive data. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the problem solving abilities of students on the subject of functions in expressing functions in arrow diagrams are 34.11%, problem solving abilities in expressing functions in cartesius diagrams21.96%, and problem solving abilities in expressing functions in sequential pairs 16.36%, then the problem solving ability in expressing a notation of a function consisting of 2 items, namely number 4 is 16.82% and question number 5 is 10.75%. The conclusions found in this study are the lack of student understanding in the concepts of function, which causes a low ability to solve the problem of class VIII students of Al-Junaidiyah, Mandailing Natal District.

Students tend to be not explorative in solving their assignment. Improper learning system is one of several factors that probably be the cause of this problem. This research aims to analyze students’ problem solving abilities through the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on Construction and Building Utilities subject. The research design is Quasi-Experimental Design with the type of Two-Group Posttest Only research. The population of this research is the students of XI DPIB in SMKN 9 Garut 2018/2019. The experimental class students use PjBL while the control class students use expository learning. Data analysis is obtained from students’ problem solving abilities test and observation results. The students’ problem solving abilities scores are calculated based on four steps of Polya’s problem solving theory, first is understanding the problem, second is planning how to solve the problem, third is calculating, and fourth is checking the result. The analysis result shows that the experimental class students have better problem solving abilities than the control class students. In addition, the experimental class students are more active and communicative in the class. According to problem solving ability test and observation results, PjBL is quite effective to be implemented on Construction and Building Utilities subject.

Problem solving skills are useful for training students to face increasingly complex problems. Learning models that have not been able to stimulate these abilities need to be applied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Think Pair Share learning model to improve students' problem solving abilities. This type of research is experimental research with pretest posttest control group design. The samples in this study were class VIIIA students as the experimental class and class VIIIC students as the control class, each class totaling 32 students. Data collection techniques used interviews, observations, and problem-solving ability test questions on the Pythagorean theorem material. The results showed that the application of the Think Pair Share learning model has been proven to be effective in improving students' problem solving abilities. Based on the results of the increase in students' problem-solving ability tests, the experimental class was higher than the control class (32.5 > 21.88). In addition, the application of the Think Pair Share learning model gives students more time to think deeply about what is being explained or experienced (thinking, answering, and helping each other). In addition, the TPS learning model also provides opportunities for students to think deeply and can help each other.

This study aims to describe the results of increasing student problem solving abilities and learning tools in the form of an authentic assessment book (BUPENA) through the community technology science approach (STM), at SD Muhammadiyah 08 Medan, Class 4E, 2020-2021. The data collection tools in this study were validation sheets, problem-solving ability tests, and teacher and student response questionnaires developed through the Community Technology Science Approach (STM) with a modified 3-D model. The population in this study were all Class IV SD SD Muhammadiyah 08 Medan TA 2020-2021, the sample of this study was class IV-E, totaling 30 people. The Science and Technology Community (STM) approach using BUPENA developed in class IV-E SD Muhammadiyah 08 Medan has increased, which can be seen from: 19 students who completed the initial problem solving ability test were 19 people with an average score of 68.67 and increasing to 28 people with an average score of 87.83 on the final problem solving ability test. Then the completeness of classical learning for the initial problem solving ability test, there were 63.33% of students who did not complete and it increased to 93.33% of students who completed the final problem solving ability test. Keywords: BUPENA Development, STM Approach, IPA

This study aims to describe the problem-solving ability profile of students in biology learning at MA Darul Muqorrobin. This research is descriptive qualitative with the technique of collecting data which is netted with a problem-solving ability test in biology learning. The subject in this study is students of class X MA Darul Muqorrobin for the academic year 2021/2022, totaling 53 people. Generally, the problem solving ability of students in biology learning at MA Darul Muqorrobin is in poor criteria where the indicators of understanding the problem are 51% (not good), designing problem solving 32% (not good), implementing problem solving 38% (not good) and recheck the troubleshooting result of 37% (not good). To improve problem-solving skills in biology learning, teachers need to apply problem-based learning models and media and create a learning environment that supports problem-solving methods that can increase students' learning activities, motivation and cognitive abilities.

The problem solving abilities of students in learning mathematics are still not well trained, and there are varying degrees of difficulty experienced by students in learning mathematics. Factors that influence the ability to solve problems include interest in learning. This study aims to analyze the ability of problem solving based on students' interest in learning mathematics. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative study, which was conducted at Babussalam Pekanbaru High School with research subjects coming from Class X MIPA 1 selected based on the level of problem solving skills and student interest in learning. Problem solving abilities consist of categories: high, medium, low. Learning interest is categorized as positive and negative interests. Data collection techniques are written tests and non-tests in the form of questionnaire interest in learning and interviews. Based on the research results, the problem solving ability of high category students with positive learning interest is able to meet all indicators of problem solving ability. The problem solving ability of the medium category students with positive learning interest is able to meet the indicators of planning for solving, solving problems, and checking. The problem solving ability of low category students with positive learning interest is only able to meet the indicators of planning a solution, and solving a problem. The ability of problem solving students in the moderate category with negative learning interest is able to meet the indicators of planning for solving, solving problems, and checking.

Problem solving ability plays a central role in determining learner’s success in mathematics by promoting conceptual understanding. The present study explores the influence gender and problem-solving ability on mathematical achievement of secondary school students. To achieve the objectives of the present study, a survey technique under descriptive method of research was adopted. Total sample of 1518 grade 9 th school students were selected from different districts of Himachal Pradesh by employing a random sampling technique from different schools affiliated with Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education, Dharamshala. For measuring the student’s problem-solving skills and Mathematics Achievement, Problem-solving ability Test and Mathematics Achievement Test were used. Statistically data was analysed by employing Analysis of variance (Two Way ) for 2x3 factorial design of the study i.e. two types of gender and three level of problem solving ability ( i.e. high, moderate and low). Major findings of the study revealed that gender has a significant main effect on mathematical achievement of secondary school students. Further findings identified that problem solving ability has significantly influenced the mathematical achievement of students at secondary stage. In addition to this, results also indicated that gender and problem solving ability (in combination with each other) did not significantly affect the maths achievement of secondary school students.

This study aims to improve students' problem-solving abilities with STAD cooperative learning model on the subject of integers class VII SMP Negeri 3 Galang. This type of research is a classroom action research. The subjects were students of class VII-1 SMP Negeri 3 Assemble TA2014/2015 which amounted to28 students. The object of this study is an effort to improve the ability of mathematical problem solving through cooperative learning model Student Team Achievement Division(STAD) on the subject of Integer. The research instrument used is the observation and mathematical problem solving ability test. From the results of problem solving ability test, the data obtained were 9 students (32.14%), which reached the criteria of problem-solving abilities. After being given the treatment by applying the learning model STAD (first cycle), it is provided TKPMI .From the TKPMI data showed that as many as16students(57.14%) of the28students(2.74 value) that reaches criteria problem-solving abilities. This shows that in the first cycle of mathematical problem solving ability of students as a whole h as not reached 85%, the continued action on the second cycle. From the results TKPMII data showed that as many as 24 students (85.71%) of the 28 students (3.15 value) that reaches criteria problem-solving abilities. This shows that the mathematical problem solving ability of students as a whole has reached 85%, then the action is stopped. Based on t he above results, it can be concluded that by applying STAD cooperative learning model can improve students' mathematical problem solving ability on the subject of integers in class VII SMP Negeri 3Galang.Keywords: STAD, improve, test, problem, solving

Problem-solving ability is a crucial skill that must be developed to help students navigate increasingly complex challenges. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using e-LKPD in Liveworksheets integrated with problem-based learning on the topic of basic chemical laws in enhancing students’ problem-solving skills. The research employed a nonequivalent control group design, with a population comprising all Grade X Phase E students at SMA Negeri 3 Padang Panjang (277 students) during the odd semester of the 2024/2025 academic year. A sample of 66 students was selected through purposive sampling, consisting of classes X.E.3 and X.E.4. Data were collected through a problem-solving ability test. The results showed an average N-Gain of 70%, categorized as moderately effective. A hypothesis test was conducted to assess significant improvement after treatment, with normality and homogeneity tests confirming that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. A t-test at a 0.05 significance level yielded tₕᵢₜᵤₙg (1.8685) > tₜₐᵦₑₗ (1.69), indicating that H₀ is rejected and H₁ is accepted. The study concludes that the use of e-LKPD in Liveworksheets based on problem-based learning significantly improves students’ problem-solving abilities in the topic of basic chemical laws. The implication is that interactive digital media, when integrated with problem-based learning approaches, can serve as an effective strategy for chemistry instruction in the digital era.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the mathematical problem-solving ability of SMK students with cognitive style Field Independent (FI) and Field Dependent (FD). The type of research is qualitative research with descriptive method. The research subjects are 23 students of class X SMK who had studied the Linear Programming material and four people were taken for analysis, namely two FI students and two FD students. Subjects are taken using a purposive sampling technique. This research instrument uses the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), tests of mathematical problem-solving ability and interview guidelines. The results showed that the first FI subject who had a very good problem-solving ability category met all the indicators of problem-solving ability. The second FI subject who has a good problem-solving ability category meets three indicators of problem-solving ability. The first FD subject who has sufficient problem-solving ability category cannot fulfill all problem-solving indicators. The second FD subject who has a problem-solving ability category is sufficient to meet two indicators of problem-solving ability. It can be concluded that the problem solving ability of SMK students is quite good.