A System for Managing Oceanographic Metadata Using XML and XQuery

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has been widely adopted by industries due to its ability to provide increased interoperability among heterogeneous systems. SOA is realized through web services which can be either based on the style of Remote Procedure call(RPC) and SOAP protocol or on the Representational State Transfer(REST) style and HTTP. RESTful web services are increasingly becoming popular in the industry because of their simplicity, uniform interface, statelessness and cacheability benefits. The ability to efficiently select and integrate appropriate heterogeneous services available on the web dynamically at runtime is essential in the development of the applications based on web services. Whenever a single web service cannot satisfy the functionality required by the user, there should be a possibility to combine several existing services together in order to fulfill the request. This need has triggered a considerable number of research efforts on the composition of web services. Although several works have focused on the composition of SOAP based web services, there has not been adequate effort towards the composition of RESTful services. However, due to the above- mentioned advantages offered by the RESTful web services, it will be beneficial to design an application as a composition of such RESTful services. Towards this objective, this paper investigates two different approaches for composing the REStful web services specifically designed for health care domain, one using the Jopera tool and another using hypermedia.

The need for adaptability in software is growing, driven in part by the emergence of autonomic computing. In many cases, it is desirable to enhance existing programs with adaptive behavior, enabling them to execute effectively in dynamic environments. Existing web service invocation and adaptation mechanisms are limited only to the scope of web service choreography in terms of web service selection. Such a scope hardly leaves ground for a participating service in a choreographed flow to re-adjust itself in terms of changed non functional expectations. In this paper we used Aspect oriented programming (AOP) to invoke Web Services (WS) and Representational State Transfer (REST) web services and to enable dynamic adaptation in existing programs. We propose an approach to implement dynamic adaptability especially in Aspect weaving at the time invoking web services and REST web service. We have used AspectJ; Java based language to create aspects in Eclipse supported framework.

Automated reasoning is a fundamental technique for many fields of computer science. This paper mainly focuses on the following two issues: the knowledge and problems representation on the Web, and how a reasoning system can provide users on the Web with reasoning Web services. As to the first issue, we propose MSKML (abbr. many-sorted knowledge markup language) as the language for knowledge and problems representation on the Web; as to the second, the automated reasoning server provides Web users with automated reasoning services through the SOAP (simple object access protocol). When a client on the Web need the automated reasoning services, it represents the problem as a XML (extensible markup language) file conforming to the MSKML DTD (document type definition) and sends a SOAP request message including the XML file to the automated reasoning server, and the automated reasoning server represents the solution as a XML file conforming to the MSKML DTD and send it back to the client as the SOAP response message. A prototype system is implemented and an example is given to illustrate our work.

Distributed simulations are mainly used to interoperate heterogeneous simulators or geographically distributed models. We present here RESTful-CD++, the first distributed simulation middleware based on REST (Representational State Transfer) Web-services. RESTful-CD++ middleware enables heterogeneous independent-developed simulation components to intero-perate with much flexibility and simplicity. REST has the potential to advance distributed simulation state-of-the-art towards plug-and-play or automatic/semi-automatic interoperability. This because of its lightweight approach hides internal software implementation by using universal uniform interface and describing connectivity semantics in form of messages, usually XML. In contrast, other approaches expose functionalities in heterogeneous RPCs that often reflect internal implementation and describe semantics in form of procedure parameters. Further, REST enables simulations to mashup with Web 2.0 applications, which makes simulation in link with any device attached to the Web dynamically at runtime. The CD++ tool is now the first simulation engine to use RESTful middleware to perform distributed simulation in large-scale.

Security is not taken into account by default in the Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture, but its layered architecture provides many opportunities for implementing it. In this paper, a security mechanism for Web Service communication through mobile clients devices is proposed, that conforms to the REST architecture as much as possible. This approach has been inspired by some known security mechanisms, but implemented in such a way that it focusses on statelessness and aims to be lightweight. Results indicate that the custom security mechanism outperforms the Transport Layered Security (TLS) based system. Because of the genericness of REST, the proposed security mechanism can be adopted by a wide variety of other RESTful Web Services.

Structured Threat Information eXpression (STIX) language has been widely used to automate the sharing of cyber threat information (CTI) across s intelligence communities. There are different versions, i.e., STIX 1.x and 2.x., while STIX 2.x is gaining more popularity. There is a strong need to convert the existing, well-developed STIX 1.x (in XML format) files to STIX 2.x (in JSON format) files using, e.g., tools such as cti-stix-elevator. Despite the success and usefulness of such STIX elevation tools, one of the major issues is that the many objects and relationships defined in XML serializations are not converted properly. This has been a major barrier to information sharing based on the well-developed XML files. The manual effort, a tedious and time-consuming process, is the only option for fixing the missing relationships in the converted JSON files. To facilitate information sharing, we propose to design an automated tool to enhance the elevation by fixing the missing objects and relationship/sighting objects during the conversion process. This automated tool is developed by taking advantage of two open-source tools, namely Python-STIX and Python-STIX2, which provide a set of APIs to work with XML and JSON files. The tool, enhanced STIX elevation or ESE, is implemented by detecting the missing relationship/sighting objects in JSON files and extracting relationship information directly from XML files for creating the missing relationship/sighting objects in JSON. The performance of the ESE is demonstrated via case studies of two malware cases.

Extending the tissue microarray data exchange specification for inclusion of data analysis results

In this presentation, the research methodology used by the researcher with a focus on topic modelling will be described - a method used in text mining to discover common themes or topics in a large collection of text files or documents. This helps to understand what large sets of text files or documents are about without having to read each one individually. As a result, large amounts of text files or documents can be organized into different groups based on the topics they contain.This is done by an algorithm called Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), which identifies words that can be grouped under a specific topic. Previous research applied LDA methods to text files. In my research, XML-formatted text-based files have been used for it because sometimes the content available on the web is in the form of XML (Extensible Markup Language) files. XML is a method of writing and storing data over the web.For this study, a dataset consisting of 19,320 XML-formatted text-based blog files was used. The files were divided into six groups, namely: a) Females b) Males c) Age – less than or equal to 20 d) Age – greater than 20 e) Students and f) Everyone. LDA was used to extract 20 topics that comprised ten words each for each group. The goal was to identify the two most common topics among the groups so that innovative products could be manufactured by an innovation company based on the blogger’s interests. Apart from that, the sentences that contained these words were extracted from the files to understand if the sentences matched the topics. The presentation concludes by explaining the findings and future work for the study.

From the Publisher: Efficient access to data, sharing data, extracting information from data, and making use of the information have become urgent needs for today's corporations. With so much data on the Web, managing it with conventional tools is becoming almost impossible. New tools and techniques are necessary to provide interoperability as well as warehousing between multiple data sources and systems, and to extract information from the databases. XML Databases and the Semantic Web focuses on critical and new Web technologies needed for organizations to carry out transactions on the Web, to understand how to use the Web effectively, and to exchange complex documents on the Web.This reference for database administrators, database designers, and Web designers working in tandem with database technologists covers three emerging technologies of significant impact for electronic business: Extensible Markup Language (XML), Semi-structured Databases, and the Semantic Web. The first three parts of the book explore these emerging technologies. The fourth part highlights the implications of these technologies for e-business. Overall, the book presents a comprehensive view of critical technologies for the Web in general and XML in particular.The semantic web, XML, and semi-structured databases are still relatively new technologies that integrate many other technologies. As these technologies and integration of these advances mature, we can expect to see progress in the semantic web. The information contained in XML Databases and the Semantic Web is essential to the future success of effective e-business on the web.

This paper describes a set of closely related C++ software tools for manipulating XML (eXtensible Markup Language) schemas and XML instance files and translating them into OWL (Web Ontology Language) class files and OWL instance files. They include: (1) an XML schema parser, (2) an XML instance file parser generator, (3) the instance file parsers generated by the XML instance file parser generator, (4) an XML schema to OWL class generator, (5) a domain instance XML to OWL translator generator, and (6) the domain in stance XML to OWL translators generated by the domain instance XML to OWL translator generator. These tools have been applied to information models for kitting environments and kitting plans. The main focus is on the last three tools, which differ significantly from existing resources. The paper also discusses differences between OWL and XML schema that make translation difficult, and how the tools overcome the difficulties. The tools were built at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in support of the Agility Performance of Robotic Systems.

In today's healthcare systems, interoperability is considered an unsolved challenge due to the diversity and heterogeneity of computing platforms, medical devices, and standards used in the management of clinical and medical information. To this end, the present a methodology that proposes the use of XML-based messaging that can be used among various stakeholders working in the healthcare sector, such as clinical systems, medication systems, hospitalization systems, insurance systems, and health care provider systems. These systems generate clinical information by structuring, creating, and transmitting clinical data in XML format, working as a strategic framework described above, with the intention of facilitating interoperability. The proposed methodology is developed through LabView programming, where the data that needs to be sent is described. For this, the application creates an XML file that can be sent through different means. The proposal can consider a more modular architecture due to the integration with different biomedical sensors, with dynamic construction of XML files, being compatible with medical field standards such as HL7 and FHIR. Depending on the configuration of the communications protocol, the file can be sent via WiFi to various clinical servers, through local storage, or integrate two different solutions based on electronic medical records. The tests carried out demonstrate the practicality of implementing the methodology, such as using LabView through the creation and validation of generated XML files. This presented methodology offers a viable, scalable, and low-cost solution for healthcare environments that need to be integrated into healthcare settings.

Abstract. Provenance, also known as lineage, is important in understanding the derivation history of data products. Geospatial data provenance helps data consumers to evaluate the quality and reliability of geospatial data. In a service-oriented environment, where data are often consumed or produced by distributed services, provenance could be managed by following the same service-oriented paradigm. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW) is used for the registration and query of geospatial data provenance by extending ebXML Registry Information Model (ebRIM). Recent advance of the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) paradigm has shown great promise for the easy integration of distributed resources. RESTful Web Service aims to provide a standard way for Web clients to communicate with servers based on REST principles. The existing approach for provenance catalogue service could be improved by adopting the RESTful design. This paper presents the design and implementation of a catalogue service for geospatial data provenance following RESTful architecture style. A middleware named REST Converter is added on the top of the legacy catalogue service to support a RESTful style interface. The REST Converter is composed of a resource request dispatcher and six resource handlers. A prototype service is developed to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.

As XML becomes increasingly popular, XML schema design has become an increasingly important issue. One of the central objectives of good schema design is to avoid data redundancies: redundantly stored information can lead not just only to a higher data storage cost but also to increased costs for data transfer and data manipulation. Furthermore, such data redundancies can lead to potential update anomalies, rendering the database inconsistent. One strategy to avoid data redundancies is to design redundancy-free schema from the start on the basis of known functional dependencies. We observe that XML databases are often "casually designed" and XML FDs may not be determined in advance. Under such circumstances, discovering XML data redundancies from the data itself becomes necessary and is an integral part of the schema refinement (or re-design) process. We present the design and implementation of the first system, DiscoverXFD, for efficient discovery of XML data redundancies. It employs a novel XML data structure and introduces a new class of partition-based algorithms. The XML data redundancies are defined on the basis of a new notion of XML functional dependency (XML FD) that (1) extends previous notions by incorporating set elements into the XML FD specification, and (2) maintains tuple-based semantics through the novel concept of Generalized Tree Tuple (GTT). Using this comprehensive XML FD notion, we introduce a new normal form (GTT-XNF) for XML documents, and provide comprehensive comparisons with previous studies. Given the set of data redundancies (in the form of redundancy-indicating XML FDs) discovered by DiscoverXFD, we describe a normalization algorithm for converting any original XML schema into one in GTT-XNF.

This paper deals with a new technique for validating object-oriented software at design phase of project development. There are several modeling diagrams used at design phase of Software Development Life Cycle. But in this paper, we focus on UML Activity Diagram. In our work, first we construct the UML activity diagram for the given system using ArgoUML. Then, the XML (“EXtensible Markup Language”) code is generated for the constructed activity diagram. Next, this XML code is translated to XSD (“XML Schema Definition”) code. This XSD code is given as input to JAXB (“Java Architecture for XML Binding”), which generates the Java template. Then, this Java template is instrumented to a complete Java program with minimal manual effort. Next, we carryout concolic testing of this Java code using jCUTE. This tool generates test cases by taking the Java program as input. Then, the obtained test suite and generated Java source code are inputed into our in-house developed tool named COPECA (COverage PErcentage CAlculator) to calculate MC/DC (Modified Condition/Decision Coverage) score. We have achieved 56.31% MC/DC on doing experiment with fourteen activity diagrams, which is a fair (moderate) achievement compared to the existing work.

With REST (Representational State Transfer) and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) web services, ServiceNow allows IT service management (ITSM) systems to be integrated with other systems. Integration without barriers enables businesses to enhance their operations, collect accurate data, and ensure that systems remain up-to-date and well-integrated at all times. It reviews techniques for making secure and scalable connections to other systems using ServiceNow’s native integration tools, for example, IntegrationHub, Scripted REST APIs and Import Sets. The discussion covers secure authentication methods (for example, OAuth 2.0, Basic Auth, Mutual TLS), different handling of errors, versions and logging. Topics such as avoiding state in interactions, minimizing the time apps take to respond and making use of MID servers and data for data processing are discussed. Because important legacy systems are common, SOAP integration patterns are carefully considered and show that WSDL and XML schemas are still used. The combining of real examples and architectural principles in the article helps developers and architects better integrate ServiceNow with other systems and minimize the risks of data inconsistency, hacks or slow performance. The advice provided here supports the digital transformation of companies by promoting agility, longevity and robustness of integrations.