Adaptive Performance Monitoring for Embedded Multicore Systems

The ’’Digital Video Recording system (DVR)” has achieved the storage capacity of 9.2GByte on 12cm optical disc with a red laser by a high numerical aperture (NA=0.85) lens and thin cover layer.

To understand how people really interact with digital TV and digital video recorder (DVR) systems, 10 people were recruited, 6 with DVRs and 4 with non-DVR digital cable or satellite TV systems. Video-recording equipment was set up in their homes to record their TV viewing. The person viewing as well as the TV content being viewed were recorded as the person watched TV. Afterwards, the recordings were reviewed and analyzed by the experimenter together with the viewer, who then described his or her behavior. The results show that overall the most common way people interacted with TV was in avoiding advertisements and finding new programming to watch when the current show ended. These results can be used to find ways to improve how users experience TV systems.

Communication during trauma resuscitation: do we know what is happening?

Nowadays, security of valuable and secret assets is very important for large organization. Need of an efficient and reliable security system arises due to limitation of human resources and manpower. In such systems, video surveillance systems have their own significance. Although some people don’t like the idea of being monitored, surveillance systems improve the public security, allowing the system to detect dangers. Multimedia data typically means digital imagesaudio, video, animation and graphics together with text data. The acquisition, generation, storage and processing of multimedia data in computers and transmission over networks have grown tremendously in the recent past. In video surveillance, motion detection refers to the capability of the surveillance system to detect motion, identify the activity and capture the events while preventing the negligible activities. Motion detection is usually a software-based monitoring algorithm which, when it detects motions will signal the surveillance camera to begin capturing the event. Also called activity detection. An advanced motion detection surveillance system can analyze the type of motion to see if it warrants an alarm. In this research, we propose a novel motion detection algorithm for digital video recording (DVR) system using a Fuzzy Rule Based System that detects the motion in the running video intelligently.

Nowadays, chip multi-processors (CMP) are being widely used in embedded systems due to their superior performance for parallel computing. However, they also incur significantly large power consumption. To solve this issue, designers of embedded operating system must provide an efficient thread scheduling algorithm, which not only maximizes the system performance, but also minimizes the energy consumption. Further, if the scheduler makes decisions without considering the precedence relationships among threads, the decisions could conflict with the thread behavior which could result in poor performance and large energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a synchronization-aware dynamic thread scheduling algorithm (SA), which reduces the busy-waiting time caused by spinlock, and with performance improvement and energy saving. SA has two major objectives, including (1) overall high performance, in terms of less completion time and less turnaround time, and (2) low energy consumption for all threads. The experimental results show that SA indeed improves performance and reduces energy consumption compared to the original scheduling algorithm of Linux kernel version 2.6. In a real-world case, the Digital Video Recording (DVR) system, SA achieves performance speedup by at most 1.21 and saves the energy consumption by at most 28.6%.

This chapter demonstrates how high-level code is automatically generated for multi-core processors. The code generation capability of the Verifiable Embedded Real-Time Application Framework (VERTAF) was extended to support multi-core processors in the new VERTAF/Multi-Core (VMC) framework for embedded systems. After users specify embedded software requirements via SysML models along with parallel task, parallel data, and parallel dataflow specifications, the code generator automatically generates parallel code. Using the digital video recording (DVR) system as a case study, we show the correctness and advantages of the VMC code generator. The main inputs of VMC code generator include the block definition diagrams, state machine diagrams, and requirement diagrams of the system to be designed. The proposed code generation in VMC not only significantly decreases the amount of manually-written code, but also provides a formal procedure for model-conforming code generation of multi-core embedded software.

With the advance of digital video recording and playback systems, the request for efficiently managing recorded TV video programs is evident so that users can readily locate and browse their favorite programs. In this paper, we propose a multimodal scheme to segment and represent TV video streams. The scheme aims to recover the temporal and structural characteristics of TV programs with visual, auditory, and textual information. In terms of visual cues, we develop a novel concept named program-oriented informative images (POIM) to identify the candidate points correlated with the boundaries of individual programs. For audio cues, a multiscale Kullback-Leibler (K-L) distance is proposed to locate audio scene changes (ASC), and accordingly ASC is aligned with video scene changes to represent candidate boundaries of programs. In addition, latent semantic analysis (LSA) is adopted to calculate the textual content similarity (TCS) between shots to model the inter-program similarity and intra-program dissimilarity in terms of speech content. Finally, we fuse the multimodal features of POIM, ASC, and TCS to detect the boundaries of programs including individual commercials (spots). Towards effective program guide and attracting content browsing, we propose a multimodal representation of individual programs by using POIM images, key frames, and textual keywords in a summarization manner. Extensive experiments are carried out over an open benchmarking dataset TRECVID 2005 corpus and promising results have been achieved. Compared with the electronic program guide (EPG), our solution provides a more generic approach to determine the exact boundaries of diverse TV programs even including dramatic spots.

Preliminary clinical study of the accuracy of a digital axiographic recording system for the assessment of sagittal condylar inclination

The advances in sensing capabilities of smartphones give rise to a variety of mobile participatory sensing applications that collect users' personal data. Because of the existence of both sensitive, private personal data, and untrusted aggregator, serious privacy concerns on users arise. Currently, existing privacy preserving data collection methods either require bidirectional communications between an untrusted aggregator and mobile users in every aggregation period, or have high computation or communication overhead. To address these problems, we propose an efficient data aggregation approach by which an untrusted aggregator in mobile sensing can collect the statistics over the data contributed by multiple mobile users, while supporting privacy preservation of each user and data integrity verification. In this approach, information hiding and homomorphic encryption are applied to guarantee the data privacy of mobile users. In detail, a breadth-first search tree is first constructed at the initial phase among the mobile users, and then the original datum of each user is perturbed among its neighbors in ciphertext space by using information hiding and homomorphic encryption. The evaluations of our approach show that our protocol requires lower communication and computation overhead and thus more feasible for the computation constrained mobile devices. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Certificateless privacy-preserving multidimensional data aggregation scheme with fault-tolerance for fog-based smart grids

A hybrid scheme for multicast authentication over lossy networks

Pattern transformation-invariant schemes for wireless sensor networks based on an edge detection gradient-based mechanism

Efficient decentralized multi-authority attribute based encryption for mobile cloud data storage

In vehicular networks, drones can enhance performance by enabling real-time data collection, traffic monitoring, and communication optimization. However, due to the large, open, and highly dynamic nature of vehicular networks, ensuring security and achieving lightweight privacy protection are pressing challenges. Additionally, in traditional solutions, the control center (CC) often performs many tasks, leading to excessive computation and communication overhead, creating a system bottleneck. To address these issues, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving authentication scheme for FL in drone-assisted vehicular networks, where model parameter collection and model training are performed by drones in a privacy-preserving manner, significantly reducing the computation and communication overhead on the CC side. Moreover, the proposed scheme ensures strong privacy protection and efficient authentication by using federated learning, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), and the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). The performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a 17.3% reduction in computation overhead and a 22.8% reduction in communication overhead compared to existing solutions, highlighting its significant advantages.

The authors propose two decoding strategies for Reed-Solomon product codes, and analyze their performance on a random error channel. The performance measures of interest are the probability of undetected error at the inner decoder output and that of decoding failure at the outer decoder output. It has been shown that the proposed decoding strategies give a significant performance improvement over the conventional decoder.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>