Advanced metaverse wireless communications: future perspectives and research directions

Multi robot systems (MRS) have been an active research area for many years. With the robot systems leaving the laboratory environment, the aspect of wireless communication is getting more important. Especially in multi robot systems wireless communication is crucial, but existing middleware for robot systems does not regard the challenges of wireless communication. Among other aspects the fluctuation of link delay, bandwidth and availability is characteristic for wireless communication. A communication system in a multi robot system must be capable to manage these challenges. Another issue is efficient point to multipoint (multicast) communication. This allows the availability of the same data to multiple recipients without an unnecessary high increase of network load compared to unicast communication schemes.We therefore propose a multicast communication framework for a multi robot system based on wireless communication. The framework is organised in two parts. The first part is a general framework for a wireless multicast communication protocol, which is optimized to offer efficient multicast communication capabilities on wireless networks and takes the available link qualities into account. The second part is a framework for a robot middleware, which benefits from the multicast communication optimizations of the first part. The framework assumes unreliable communication, thus taking fluctuating link qualities into account. Both parts are already implemented on a real system and are used in an experimental multi robot system.

This paper proposed the lightweight QoE driven adaptive invulnerability wireless communication control method, including the wireless communication terminal equipment with invulnerability antenna. According to the quality of wireless network channel quality, the lightweight QoE driven scheme was developed. According to user needs, the quality of the network, survivable ability of wireless communication terminal and wireless communication survivability requirements, we proposed three matching rules by considering the wireless hop number, data size and life cycle. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed scheme can optimize wireless communication terminal equipment and wireless opportunistic communication network construction, guarantee the user experience quality and improve wireless communication network survivability.

Wireless communication is ubiquitous in people’s daily life. As people’s requirements for wireless communication continue to increase, how to improve system performance has become a core issue that communication researchers pay attention to. Wireless cooperative communication is considered to be a key technology in the future communication system because it can provide better communication quality, higher system capacity, wider communication coverage, richer services, and high spectrum utilization efficiency. The proposed network coding can effectively eliminate the transmission bottleneck problem faced by wireless cooperative communication. The development of audio and video communication coding technology has increased the demand for audio and video communication services. The goal of audio and video coding is shifting from traditional storage applications to network transmission. Therefore, the audio and video coding technology for network transmission is being affected by academia and industry. The purpose of this paper is to study the communication audio and video codec methods in wireless cooperative communication networks and to understand the development status of audio and video codec by reading a large number of related documents. On the basis of the problem, relevant experiments are designed to conduct in-depth research. Experimental results show that this scheme can simplify the implementation of scalable coding, improve the coding efficiency of the enhancement layer, and improve the quality of the reconstructed video when the audio and video streams are truncated.

Wireless personal communication network is easily affected by intrusion data in the communication process, resulting in the inability to ensure the security of personal information in wireless communication. Therefore, this paper proposes a malicious intrusion data mining algorithm based on legitimate big data in wireless personal communication networks. The clustering algorithm is used to iteratively obtain the central point of malicious intrusion data and determine its expected membership. The noise in malicious intrusion data is denoised by objective function, and the membership degree of communication data is calculated. The change factor of the neighborhood center of gravity of malicious intrusion data in wireless personal communication network is determined, the similarity between the characteristics of malicious intrusion data by using the Markov distance was determined, and the malicious intrusion data mining of wireless personal communication network supported by legal big data was completed. The experimental results show that the accuracy of mining malicious data is high and the mining time is short.

HPLC (high speed power line carrier) is widely used in electricity information collection, but because of the large variation of attenuation of power line channel, in some environment, it needs wireless communication as supplement router, the current wireless technology, such as LORA, NB-IOT are for narrowband and can’t be used to form a hybrid network with HPLC. So wireless broadband communication in electric system need to be studied. In this paper, we evaluate three types of electric traffic under wireless broadband communication with the reference of HPLC standard because there is not an approved standard about wireless broadband communication for electric system currently.

This paper reviews the expected wide and profound impact of nanotechnology for future wireless devices and communication technologies. This article points out the possibilities of overcoming the same problem set from a device perspective by taking advantage of the merits of nanotechnologies. At the same time, open research issues and challenges are identified to spark new interests and developments in this field. Devices that use wireless communication range from RFID tags to TV receivers, and satellites to mobile phones. The availability of internet access from tablets and mobile phones is growing at an exponential rate, causing increasing demands on the performance of wireless networks and mobile devices. Some passive components necessary in wireless devices, such as inductors and capacitors, cannot be minimized as quickly as transistors and integrated circuits. This imbalance makes it likely that the performance requirements of mobile handsets will exceed the capabilities of current RF technologies within the next 10 to 15 years. As well as the global growth in mobile internet access via tablets and smartphones, wireless sensors, health monitoring systems and other devices dependent on wireless communication are becoming more and more prevalent. Developing more compact, more efficient, and less expensive wireless communication devices will have significant impact on these areas and enable new solutions for healthcare services, logistics and environmental monitoring. The devices that use wireless communication ranges from RFID tags to television set receivers and satellites to mobile phones. The availability of internet access from mobile devices is growing at an exponential rate that causes rising demand on the wireless network and mobile devices' performance. As the type of activities that consumers are engaging in over the wireless connections is changing day in day out, it has been an increased need for the devices to change also. For instance in radios, the increasing quantity of mobile internet traffic there has been increased the need for additional frequency for support. The modern world is becoming an intelligent interactive environment that has needs novel autonomous sensors with wireless communication links that require to be incorporated into an everyday object. This is the reason why sensors that are nanoenabled integrated with small RF transceivers are useful in monitoring air quality, water pollution among other aspects. The main drivers of changing into nanotechnology in wireless devices are needed for high performance, reduced consumption of power as well as reduced compact size.

Increasingly, smart grid solutions use wireless communications as a core component for moving information and, thus, facilitate more intelligent decision making. This article considers a synchrophasor system implemented on a distribution feeder simultaneously using two separate wireless communication technologies to transmit synchrophasor measurement data. This system was implemented to demonstrate advanced distributed-generation control and how it impacts grid support on the broader electrical feeder. For purposes of performance evaluation, both a wireless serial communications solution and a third-generation (3G) cellular solution were implemented. Phasor measurement unit (PMU ) data, which are streamed without interruption up to 60 messages/s, offer a means to continuously evaluate the two communications systems; performance data measured and archived over a one-week period provided detailed comparison information. Using this information, this article recommends which wireless technology may be better suited for various utility applications.

The electronic wireless communications age has its earliest origins with Thomas Edison and Guglielmo Marconi about 100 years ago. Early R&D on portable communications systems was carried out over forty years ago at AT&T Bell Labs, who led much of the earliest development in communications in the United States. Motorola pursued mobile wireless communications research beginning in the 1960s resulting in the first mobile cellular telephone service in the early 1980s. Decades of continuous cost/performance improvements from the semiconductor and IC packaging industry have had a dramatic impact on reducing the costs, and hence affordability, of all forms of commercial electronics and communications systems. Furthermore, the recent decade has seen an increased desire for personal and business communications mobility, security and access to information at any time, anywhere. Many of these factors have launched numerous commercial wireless communications systems, such as paging and cellular phone systems from a relatively high-end niche market into the multi-billion dollar consumer electronics businesses of today.

This paper has presented our interesting in wireless underwater communications for different ocean water types. Recent interest in ocean exploration has brought about a desire for developing wireless communication techniques in this challenging environment. Due to its high attenuation in water, a radio frequency (RF) carrier is not the optimum choice. Acoustic techniques have made tremendous progress in establishing wireless underwater links, but they are ultimately limited in bandwidth. In traditional communication systems, constructing a link budget is often relatively straight forward. In the case of underwater optical systems the variations in the optical properties of ocean water lead to interesting problems when considering the feasibility and reliability of underwater optical links. The main focus of this paper is to construct an underwater link budget which includes the effects of scattering and absorption of realistic ocean water. As well as we have developed the underwater optical wireless communication systems to have shorter ranges, that can provide higher bandwidth (up to several hundred Mbit/s) communications by the assistant of exciting high brightness blue LED sources, and laser diodes suggest that high speed optical links can be viable for short range application. The received signal power, signal to noise ratio, bit error rate, transmitted signal bandwidth, and transmission bit rates are the major interesting parameters for different ocean water mediums as a criteria of the best signal transmission characteristics of short wireless optical communications over wide range of the affecting parameters.

Leadless pacemakers (LPs) can mitigate conventional pacemaker complications related to the transvenous leads and subcutaneous pocket surrounding the pulse generator. Although single-chamber leadless pacing has been established, multichamber pacing requires wireless bidirectional communication across multiple LPs to maintain synchrony. This preclinical study demonstrates the chronic performance of implant-to-implant (i2i) communication that achieves synchronous, dual-chamber pacing with 2 LPs. The i2i communication modality employs subthreshold electrical signals conducted between implanted LPs through the blood and myocardial tissue on a beat-by-beat basis. Right atrial and right ventricular LPs were implanted in 9 ovine subjects. The i2i transmission performance was evaluated 13 weeks after implant. Right atrial and right ventricular LPs were implanted successfully and without complication in 9 ovine subjects. A total of 8715±457 right atrial-to-right ventricular and right ventricular-to-right atrial transmissions were sent per hour, with a success rate of 99.2±0.9%. Of periods with i2i communication failure when DDD pacing was not possible, 97.3±1.8% were resolved within 6 s. For the first time, synchronized, dual-chamber pacing has been demonstrated in a chronic preclinical feasibility study by 2 leadless pacemakers using beat-to-beat, wireless communication, achieving a success rate of 99.2%.

Access to general purpose information and communication technology (ICT) is not equally distributed on our planet: developed countries represent about 70% of all Internet users, while its percentage of Internet hosts has raised from 90% in 2000 to about 99% in 2002. Things change dramatically if we look at mobile and wireless technology: developing countries already represent about 40% of mobile connections in 2000, with a foreseen growth rate that is faster in developing countries than in developed ones in the period 2000-2005 (mainly due to India and the People’s Republic of China). This trend is driven by the new perspectives offered by mobile electronic technology applications that provide an alternative to poor telecommunication infrastructures still common in many developing countries. The technological evolution in wireless data communications is introducing a rich landscape of new services relying on three main technologies: • proximity (or personal) area networks (PANs), composed of personal and wearable devices capable of automatically setting up transient communication environments (also known as ad hoc networks); • wireless local area network technologies (WLANs); and • a third generation of mobile telecommunications (3G), gradually replacing General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and the related set of technologies collectively called “2.5 Generation” (2.5G). PAN is a new technology bringing the “always connected” principle to the personal space. On the other hand, 3G systems and WLANs have coexisted for a while; what is new is their interconnection, aimed at decoupling terminals and applications from the access method. 3G mobile networks already provide video-capable bandwidth, global roaming for voice and data, and access to Internet-rich online content. Thanks to their increasing integration, PANs, WLANs, and 3G networks will extend the user’s connectivity in a complementary and hierarchical manner; in the fullness of time, they will provide all the functionalities of an Integrated Services Multimedia Network (ISMN), enabling a whole set of new business models and applications. The fusion of these technologies will eventually result in an ultimate ubiquitous wireless system that will be operated from anywhere, including homes, business locations, vehicles, and even commercial aircrafts. However, although wireless communications provide great flexibility and mobility, they often come at the expense of security. Indeed, wireless communications rely on open and public transmission media that expose new vulnerabilities in addition to the security threats found in wired networks. A number of specific open issues and even inherent dangers, some of which had been already identified and described in the early stages of wireless technology adoption, are yet to be solved (Howard, 2000). For instance, with wireless communications, important and vital information is often placed on a mobile device that is vulnerable to theft and loss. In addition, information is transmitted over the unprotected airwaves, and finally, 3G networks are getting smaller and more numerous, causing opportunities for hackers and other abusers to increase.

Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure wireless communications are currently under development to improve traffic efficiency and safety. The time-critical nature of road safety applications imposes the need to accurately dimension the operation and performance of wireless vehicular communication systems. Given that radio propagation modeling has been shown to importantly affect the performance of traditional mobile and wireless communication systems, this work investigates its impact on the dimensioning of traffic safety wireless vehicular communications by separately analyzing the contributions of pathloss, shadowing and fast fading.

The performance of wireless communication systems is fundamentally determined by the properties of the underlying wireless communication channel. Vehicular communication channels exhibit time-variant multi-path propagation with non-stationary channel statistics. Thus, channel emulation tools for the reproducible test of wireless communication systems are urgently needed to enable the development of ultra-reliable low-latency communication links. In this paper we validate the vehicle-in-the-loop (ViL) test of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication links by means of time-variant channel emulation. The validation is performed by comparing the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and packet error rate (PER) of measurements on a proving ground with the RSSI and PER obtained from ViL tests. For the ViL tests, the wireless communication channel is emulated using a geometry-based stochastic channel model, which is updated in real-time, dependent on the position and velocity of the vehicles. We collect results of different scenarios on the proving ground and from ViL tests. The results show an qualitative match between ViL test and measurement on the proving ground. An exact quantitative match can be obtained with the calibration parameters from the measurements.

As a result of the release of ISM 2.4 GHz frequency for use in the field of wireless data communication through the media and the lack of clarity about the rules in the use of a frequency of 2.4 GHz to be one factor interference in wireless communication. Interference generally occurs in urban areas the level of use of wireless data communication through the media is very high. Wireless devices 2.4 GHz are easily available and inexpensive, making the user media data communications using wireless LAN as a cheap alternative compared to other data communication media, such as Fiber Optic, Radio Microwave Link. It is in fact the channel that is used in 2.4 GHz wireless communication is permitted only 11 channels starting from 2412Mhz-2462Mhz frequency, as more users make a frequency of 2.4 GHz increasingly crowded existing channels, resulting in wide bandwidth of each channel is also increasingly cramped. The width of the narrow bandwidth that clearly affects the quality of the process data communication, data sent or received experienced loss. One quick method to overcome these problems is to utilize the capabilities of wireless devices Superchannel. One of the wireless devices with Atheros AR5413 chipset which has a mini-PCI Superchannel is R52H which is the product of mikrotik. Superchannel frequency range starting from 2192Mhz - 2539Mhz. Indeed, in the frequency range is still illegal superchannel for some countries, like Indonesia, but many Internet access providers, or ISPs use this superchannel capabilities for data communication media, both for distribution to customers or to the ISP backbone network, although not used permanently.

Wireless networks and communications have witnessed tremendous development and growth in recent periods and up until now, as there is a group of diverse networks such as the well-known wireless communication networks and others that are not linked to an infrastructure such as telephone networks, sensors and wireless networks, especially in important applications that work to send and receive important data and information in relatively unsafe environments, cybersecurity technologies pose an important challenge in protecting unsafe networks in terms of their impact on reducing crime. Detecting hacking in electronic networks and penetration testing. Therefore, these environments must be monitored and protected from hacking and malicious attacks. In this manuscript, a correspondence model is designed to discuss the algorithm in the environment of wireless communication systems and distributed computing by adopting the protocol data enhancement to the network using structured construction and diversity algorithm to improve the effectiveness of the intrusion detection system. Next, a multi-label convolutional neural network model is used to detect business transactions. An CNN was trained on the WSN-DS dataset using 5-Fold in CV technique with three hidden layers. The highest Precision values 0.951 of Grayhole attack for multi-classification.