Alcohol-Related ERP Changes Recorded From Different Modalities: A Topographic Analysis

Auditory event-related potentials show both auditory and non-auditory associations with chronic mild traumatic brain injury.

This study aimed to evaluate P300 as an electrophysiological marker of cognitive function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who had previous neuropsychiatric (NPSLE) involvement and were diagnosed to have cognitive impairment by standard neuropsychological tests. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were assessed by the auditory and visual oddball paradigms. Amplitude and latency of P300 at the frontal (Fz), central (Cz), and parietal (Pz) regions were determined and compared with controls. P300 detection was performed in NPSLE patients with pre-diagnosed cognitive impairment (n = 9), matched SLE patients without previous NPSLE (non-NPSLE) (n = 9), and healthy controls (n = 15). Auditory oddball task did not show any P300 abnormality between groups. Visual oddball task revealed reduced amplitude of P300 over Fz ( P = .002) and Cz ( P = .009) electrodes in NPSLE patients compared with healthy controls and among those who had predominant memory deficit ( P = .01 at Fz). Abnormal P300 was also observed in non-NPSLE patients at Fz and Cz. Using visual oddball paradigm, abnormal P300 was found in NPSLE patients over frontal and parietal regions compared with normal controls but was not discriminative from possible subclinical disease in non-NPSLE patients. In conclusion, visual oddball paradigm was a more sensitive electrophysiological marker than auditory oddball paradigm for cognitive impairment in NPSLE patients.

Early sensory information processes are enhanced on visual oddball and S1–S2 tasks in Parkinson's disease: a visual event-related potentials study

Cortical Inhibition in Alcohol Dependence

Potential effects of zinc on information processing in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Auditory and visual oddball stimulus processing deficits in clinical high risk for psychosis: Forecasting psychosis risk with N200 and P300.

Reduced Parietal P300 Amplitude is Associated with an Increased Risk for a First Psychotic Episode

Objective To investigate the value of combining neuropsychological tests with auditory event-related potential (ERP) P300 for cognitive assessment in elderly patients with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Methods A total of 183 elderly patients with cSVD were enrolled in this study. They were divided into 3 groups according to brain MRI: lacunar infarct (LACI) group (N = 62), white matter hyperintensity (WMH) group (N = 60) and LACI + WMH group (N = 61). A total of 50 brain MRI normal persons were selected as control group. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA, Chinese version) was used to evaluate the cognitive function, and the amplitude and latency of P300 were measured in each group. Results Compared with control group, the MoCA total score in LACI, WMH and LACI + WMH groups were significantly lower ( P = 0.042, 0.015, 0.000), and the score in LACI + WMH group was significantly lower than that in LACI and WMH groups ( P = 0.001, 0.042). In the eight cognitive domains of MoCA scale, the visual space and executive function ( P = 0.006, 0.041, 0.035), delayed memory ( P = 0.006, 0.012, 0.048), language ( P = 0.001, 0.032, 0.047) and calculation ( P = 0.009, 0.001, 0.003) in LACI + WMH group were significantly lower than those in control, LACI and WMH groups. The delayed memory in LACI group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P = 0.037). The delayed memory ( P = 0.005) and language ( P = 0.047) in WMH group were significantly lower than those in control group. Compared with control group, the amplitudes of P300 ( P = 0.025, 0.033, 0.000) in LACI, WMH and LACI + WMH groups were significantly decreased, and the latencies ( P = 0.018, 0.000, 0.000) were significantly prolonged. The amplitude of P300 in LACI + WMH group was significantly lower than that in LACI and WMH groups ( P = 0.041, 0.018), and the latency was significantly prolonged ( P = 0.000, 0.022). Conclusions Elderly patients of cSVD all suffer from different degrees of cognitive impairment, especially those with both LACI and WMH. The impaired cognitive domains mainly include visual space and executive function, delayed memory, language and calculation. MoCA scale and P300 examination have their advantages in cognitive assessment, and their combination shows more objective result. Early diagnosis of cSVD in elderly patients with MoCA and P300 is beneficial to timely treatment, delay the progression of this disease and ease the family and social burden. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.11.009

Many studies showed a relationship between au-ditory event-related potentials (ERP) and brain development. Particular attention was paid to N1, the ERP component, which reflects auditory detection and discrimination, and N2, which in-dicates attention allocation and phonological analysis. This study applied logistic regression algorithm (LRA) with regularization to classify children and adolescents to three age groups - 4–6, 7–12 and 12–18 years by individual amplitudes and latencies of P1, P2, N1 and N2, components of auditory ERPs. The Kruskal-Wallis H-test indicated significant group differences in amplitudes of P1 with p < 6.67e- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> , N1 with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$p$</tex> < 2.34e- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> , N2 with p < 5.95e- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> and latencies of P1 with p < 1.14e- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> and P2 with p < 2.57e- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> • The classification accuracy between all three age groups was 0.63, macro-average and micro-average area under the curve (AUC) - 0.79 and 0.70. Classification accuracy of one age group against the rest was 0.71, 0.45 and 0.75 with A|UC - 0.91, 0.50 and 0.76 for 4–6, 7–12 and 12–18 age group, respectively. The most informative feature for the correct age group recognition, which was reflected in the largest positive change of odds ratio, was amplitude of N1. The obtained results confirm association of the N1 amplitude with brain maturation and demonstrate sensitivity of LRA in detection of individual age using patterns of auditory ERPs.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the event related potential(ERP) P300 and analyze brain network connections in patients with first-episode depressions. Methods P300 auditory oddball task were administrated on twenty-nine patients and twenty-five healthy controls. The P300 amplitude and latency of two groups were compared, and the brain network connectivity of the two groups were analyzed using Granger's Causality analysis. Results The P300 amplitude in depression group were significantly different from those in control group(C3 of the central regions(15.77±7.35)μV vs (20.90±7.82)μV; C4 of the central regions(16.98±7.21)μV vs (22.11±7.50)μV; P3 of the parietal regions(15.65±6.92)μV vs (19.49±5.73)μV; P4 of the parietal(16.35±6.46)μV vs P4(19.72±5.18)μV; P=0.009, P=0.007, P=0.017, P=0.024 respectively). However, the P300 latency had no significant difference comparing to the controls(P>0.05). The results also showed that patients had more connections in the brain network. Conclusion As an effective evaluation index, ERP P300 can play an important role in clinical diagnosis of depression. Patients suffering from depression have significant cognition function deficit. Key words: Depression, First-episode; Event related potential, P300; Brain network

Personalized alpha-tACS targeting left posterior parietal cortex modulates visuo-spatial attention and posterior evoked EEG activity

Lorazepam has been reported to atypically disrupt visual processing compared to other benzodiazepines (BZs), but it is not known to what extent this effect extends to impairment in other modalities. Our objective was to compare the effects of lorazepam with those of flunitrazepam, a BZ with standard effects, on visual and auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) using the same paradigm. The study followed a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel group-design and involved single oral doses of lorazepam (2.0 mg), flunitrazepam (1.2 mg) and placebo. Thirty-six young, healthy subjects completed a test battery before and after treatment including classic behavioural tests, visual and auditory ERPs. Both drugs led to comparable alterations on behavioural tests and double-dissociations were found, indicating that the doses used were equipotent: lorazepam was more deleterious than flunitrazepam and placebo in fragmented shape identification, while simple reaction times were prolonged for flunitrazepam in comparison to lorazepam and placebo. Effects on P3 latencies were also distinct: alterations in both modalities for flunitrazepam were equivalent and greater than placebo's. In contrast, lorazepam at the frontal and central electrode sites led to greater changes in visual than in auditory latency, and also to longer visual latencies than flunitrazepam and placebo, but lorazepam's auditory latency effects were only different to placebo's at the parietal electrode site. Peripheral visual changes were not responsible for these effects. Differences in the impairment profile between equipotent doses of lorazepam and flunitrazepam suggests that lorazepam induces atypical central visual processing changes.

99. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by human syllables, musical notes/chords and animal sounds in pre-school children with specific expressive language disorders (SELDs) for assessing the selectiveness of auditory processing

This study investigated the effect of variable interstimulus intervals (ISIs) on behavioral reaction time (RT) and on the latency and amplitude of the auditory P300 using an auditory continuous performance task (ACPT) paradigm. Twenty subjects were instructed to respond to common stimuli and ignore a rare stimulus. Common stimuli were 1000-, 1500-, and 2000-Hz pure tones. The rare stimulus was a 250-Hz pure tone. ISIs of 1, 2, and 4 seconds were used for this investigation. A significant correlation between ISI, reaction time, P300 latency, correct rejections, and false alarm rates was found. A significant correlation between P300 latency, P300 amplitude, correct rejections, and false alarm rates was also observed. Likewise, a statistically significant increase in reaction time (RT) was observed as ISI increased. The ACPT paradigm in conjunction with the auditory P300 response can measure both behavioral and electrophysiologic changes that occur during active auditory attention and auditory cognitive processing tasks.

Lack of repetition priming effect on visual event-related potentials in schizophrenia