“All Over the Map:” Building (and Rebuilding)

Editor's Page Stephanie M. Lang 'The articles in this issue of the Register highlight a series of sweeping changes occurring not only in Kentucky but also nationally during the early and mid-twentieth century. Spurred on by political corruption and the consolidation of wealth in the hands of a few, reformers in the Progressive Era sought to inject morality back into society through a series of reforms. Punctuated by a back-and-forth between the forces of reform and reaction, the state had to navigate modernization. Within this environment, new ideas, mindsets, and lifestyles took root at an accelerated pace, but not all ventures fostered the intended outcomes. One example of a progressive reform that significantly altered Kentucky was Prohibition, which reshaped the bourbon industry. Although Congress celebrated bourbon in 1964 and recognized it as a distinctive product of the United States, temperance advocates in the first two decades of the twentieth century turned their energy to the prohibition of alcohol. In her article, "'America's Native Spirit': Prohibition and the Consolidation of the Kentucky Bourbon Industry," Bailey Browning chronicles the shutdown, impact on communities, and subsequent consolidation of the bourbon industry following repeal. Browning describes how many smaller, community-based distilleries permanently closed or were purchased by larger companies during this thirteen-year period. The industry that emerged utilized new strategies and technologies to produce bourbon for international markets. A failed experiment meant as a form of social control, Prohibition was repealed in 1933 as part of a larger effort to alleviate economic tensions during the Great Depression. [End Page 1] Modernism and fundamentalism also clashed in the early twentieth century over the teaching of evolution in schools and universities, signaling additional changes in the larger education system. After university enrollment plummeted during the Great Depression and World War II, an influx of students in the postwar period due to the G.I. Bill renewed issues over funding and curriculum. In "No Longer an 'academically inferior, church-controlled southern school': How Transylvania College Found Success After World War II," Jonathan Tyler Baker explores how Transylvania reconciled academic changes as a religiously affiliated institution. Seeking to move forward without depending entirely on funding from the Disciples of Christ, university administrators became policy-oriented fundraisers and campus builders. As Baker notes, the changes in higher education during this era could help us adapt as we move forward in a new digital age. The rapid speed of societal transformations during the twentieth century meant that adaptability was key for both the bourbon industry and Transylvania University. Refusing to buckle under the pressures of modernization, or shifting religious and political ideologies, both Transylvania University and the bourbon industry redefined themselves and emerged economically stronger. Today, Transylvania University is a renowned liberal arts college, while Kentucky produced two million barrels of bourbon in 2021 with a record 12 million aging in warehouses.1 [End Page 2] Footnotes 1. "Kentucky Distillers Set Records for Bourbon Barrel Inventories, New Fills—And Punishing Production Taxes," Kentucky Distillers' Association, September 27, 2022, available online via https://kybourbon.com/industry-news/kentucky-distillers-set-records-for-bourbon-barrel-inventories-new-fills-and-punishing-production-taxes/. Copyright © 2022 Kentucky Historical Society

On the Realm of Virtual Colloquium

From the Publisher: This unique collection of essays explores the intricacies of how the Internet has changed the way we currently approach international security, civil society, and economic development. The contributors move past the conventional wisdom, tapping new and original sources to investigate new and unexpected developments. One essay explores how wiring Russia's nuclear scientists into the Internet increases the threat of weapons proliferation. Another looks at Internet-enabled development projects and, despite early success stories in Bangalore, India, explains why they will fail. Together the essays in this collection try to bring a dose of reality to the rose-colored futures many have predicted for world politics in the Information Age.

The information age is also an era of escalating social problems. The digital transformation of society and the economy is already underway in all countries, although the progress in this transformation can vary widely. There are more social innovation projects addressing global and local social problems in some countries than in others. This suggests that different levels of digital transformation might influence the social innovation potential. Using the International Digital Economy and Society Index and the Social Innovation Index, this study investigates how digital transformation of the economy and society affects the capacity for social innovation. A dataset of 29 countries was analysed using both simple and multiple linear regressions and Pearsons correlation. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the digital transformation of the economy and society has a significant positive impact on the capacity for social innovation. It was also found that the integration of digital technology plays a critical role in digital transformation. Therefore, the progress in digital transformation is beneficial to social innovation capacity. In line with the research findings, this study outlines the implications and possible directions for policy.

The widespread adoption of technology makes it necessary to extend technological resources to the classroom to best prepare students for long-term success. While technology can improve many facets of learning and teaching, music educators have generally been hesitant to incorporate technology to its full potential. Partnerships with professional organizations, such as the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), can help music educators best reach students and achieve cultural relevancy in the digital age. Restructuring music education to integrate what ISTE calls ‘Essential Conditions’ of learning with technology, such as student-centred learning, equitable access and engaged communities, begins with undergraduate music education preparation. The purpose of this article is to identify the necessity of a synergism between music education and selected ISTE ‘Essential Conditions’ for technology-based learning, describe implications these selected conditions have on the current state of American undergraduate music education programmes, and provide recommendations for music teacher education.

Escalating costs and inadequate quality and safety are major concerns of health care at this time. The first, increasing cost of health care worldwide, can be attributed in part to the aging of populations, but it is also due to the successful treatment of acute illnesses and the resultant shift toward the expense of caring for the chronically ill, which now accounts for 75% of the costs (1). But with 2001 health care costs comprising 14% of the gross domestic product in the United States and with an expected increase to 18% by 2012 (2), there is considerable pressure from employers, insurance companies, and the government to limit health care spending to a sustainable amount and to make the system more accountable. Radiology is not immune to these worldwide health care concerns. In 1990, U.S. radiology costs accounted for about 3.5% of the national spending on health care (3). Overall, diagnostic radiology utilization rate increases have been modest in the United States, with a 3.1% compound annual increase for Medicare enrollees in the period 1992–2001 (4). However, utilization of high-cost radiology services increased dramatically in the past decade, as has been demonstrated for Medicare enrollees (4–9), privately insured groups (4,6,8), and within individual institutions (10,11). Data for Medicare enrollees, which are more complete than those for other populations, show a trend of double-digit annual rate increases in utilization of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and nuclear imaging in the years 1992–2001 (4). The second major health care concern involves quality and safety. The rate of adverse events in medical care in the United States is 3%–4% (12,13), which may result in $28 billion in unnecessary expense and as many as 44 000–98 000 deaths per year due to provider error (14). In radiology practice, quality includes obtaining the best possible images through quality assurance programs and through the appropriate selection of modality and protocol. Safety issues include avoiding injury due to the effects of magnetic fields on metallic implants, contrast agent reactions, radiation exposure, and ensuring that there is adequate monitoring of patients for adverse events. Rapid technologic advances in radiology have increased the concerns regarding utilization, as well as quality and safety. By the end of the second millennium, computerized workstations have now become commonplace, picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) and radiology information systems (RIS) are widespread, the Internet is almost essential for the transfer of images and other information, and computer-aided detection (CAD) has been developed as a useful tool. Recent innovations in imaging suggest that radiology will be a major catalyst for transforming medicine into an age of information technology and molecular medicine.

Introduction Understanding and addressing sexual dysfunction is of paramount importance to enhance the overall well-being and quality of life of individuals worldwide. While significant progress has been made in the field of sexual medicine, variability in practice patterns among healthcare professionals remains a potential barrier to optimal patient care. To bridge this knowledge gap and identify the prevailing trends in sexual dysfunction management, we conducted an international survey targeting urologists specializing in Andrology, Sexual Medicine, and related fields. Objective This international survey aimed to assess male and female sexual dysfunction management practices among sexual medicine physicians across to globe to identify variability in practice patterns. Methods A survey was distributed globally to urologists specializing in Andrology, Sexual Medicine, and related fields who are members of International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) or affiliated regional societies (SMSNA, ESSM, MESSM, APSSM, SASSM, SLAMS, ISSWSH, SIU). Demographic information (age, gender, specialty, and practice setting) and treatment approaches for male and female sexual dysfunction were collected. Respondents also reported the percentage of their practice dedicated to sexual dysfunction and whether treatments were covered by health insurance. Results A total of 200/3000 practitioners participated, with 101 (50.7%) identifying as urologists. The majority were male (72.9%) and worked in private practice or community hospitals (32.7%) or a mixture of both (34.2%). Male sexual dysfunction was treated by 71.4% of respondents, with 25.7% dedicating 75–100% of their practice to it. Female sexual dysfunction was treated by 36.9% of respondents, with 64% dedicating 0–25% of their practice to it. Health insurance covered 25–49% of their care for 41.2% of respondents, predominantly provided by private companies (45.9%). The most common treatments for erectile dysfunction were oral medications (86.5%), injections (61.7%), and inflatable penile prostheses (45.1). For Peyronie's disease, oral therapies (59.1%) and penile traction therapy (34.4%) were most frequently offered, while surgical treatment for Peyronie's disease was offered by 58.2% of respondents, with penile prostheses being the primary choice (79.7%). Regarding female sexual dysfunction, 58.4% of respondents offered treatments for genitourinary syndrome of menopause/atrophic vaginitis, with vaginal estrogen being the most common choice (50%). For dyspareunia due to vaginismus/hypertonic pelvic floor dysfunction, 50.3% of respondents offered treatment, with pelvic floor exercise/physiotherapy being the most recommended (66%). Conclusions This study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals, policymakers, and researchers regarding the current landscape of sexual dysfunction management. The results underscore the importance of continuous efforts to develop comprehensive and individualized approaches, ensuring that both male and female patients receive effective and accessible care for their sexual health concerns. By addressing issues related to insurance coverage and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, the medical community can collectively work towards improving sexual well-being and quality of life for patients worldwide. Disclosure Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Advisory board and speaker for Coloplast; consultant for Cynosure; advisory board and speaker for Halozyme; intellectual property with Masimo; advisory board for Promescent; consultant for Sprout; advisory board for Xialla.

I sincerely thank the International Society of Dermatology for providing me the “Young Dermatologist Travel Award”, and also paying my registration fees, thereby enabling me to attend and present my scientific paper entitled “A clinical study of Vitiligo”at the IX International Congress of Dermatology “Therapeutic Innovation in Dermatology and Dermato- Cometology”, in Bangkok, Thailand on October 23rd –25th, 2004. The conference started with the opening ceremony on 23rd October at 8am. followed by plenary lecture on “Anti-Aging Medicine and Human Augmentation” which was very informative. Thereafter I attended the “Antiaging Symposium” wherein different topics like Hormonal Imbalances in Aging, The role of Biomolecular therapy in Anti-aging medicine, Fighting back against skin aging were covered. In the afternoon on 23rd, I attended the session on Mesotherapy and Weight management. On 24th October, 2004 I attended the plenary lecture on “Laser Rejuvenation” and “Vascular Laser” at 8.30 am. The lecture, which I attended, on “Botulinum Toxin and soft tissue Augmentation” was very interesting. In the afternoon there was session on “Advance Laser Therapy: What is new?” wherein I came to know about the newer aspects of Lasers, its usage and its response to various conditions. I learnt about the non-invasive surgical technique of facial lifting during the afternoon session on 24th October, 2004. I presented my scientific paper entitled “A clinical study of Vitiligo” on 25th October, 2004, which was well appreciated by the delegates who were present for the session. I attended the plenary lecture on “New Development in Laser Hair Removal and Skin tightening and Lifting” on 25th October 2004 at 8.30am. The sessions on various dermatological therapies like Lasers, Mesotherapy, Botox and Fillers were very interesting and informative. I also attended the workshop on “Mesotherapy” Overall this conference has enhanced my knowledge in Dermatological therapies and it is of great help in my academic career as I am involved in teaching undergraduate and postgraduate students of our medical college and also in my clinical practice. In future also with your help I would like to attend the conferences and workshops. I take this opportunity once again, to thank all at International Society of Dermatology.

In our research, we examined the development of complex problem-solving skills among 1st-year teachers training undergraduate students in engineering at Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania (N = 73). The research aimed to determine whether knowledge transfer works among students in interpreting life-like, specific problems. A worksheet was used as a measuring tool. In compiling it, we applied the concept that tasks include computer-transferable algorithms (such as cryptography process, parallel computing, and constraints), and their solution does not require any special IT knowledge, only structured and logical thinking. The research reports on the extent to which teacher training students have acquired knowledge and problem-solving strategies related to certain disciplines. The obtained data shed light on the fact that the lack of an interdisciplinary approach hinders the recognition of the connections between the different fields of education. Keywords: Computational thinking; problem-solving skills; Teaching education.

This interview refers to the contribution of the editors-in-chief of Revista 2i: Estudos de Identidade e Intermedialidade [2i Journal: Identity and Intermediality Studies] of the Centre for Humanistic Studies of the University of Minho (Portugal) – Eunice Ribeiro and Xaquín Núñez Sabarís – to the broader survey conducted by Ágnes Pethő on the current state of the art in Intermedial Studies under the title “Current issues of intermedial scholarship discussed with editors of book series and journals specializing on intermediality”. The full text of this survey, including the contribution extracted here, is published in the Romanian scientific journal Acta Universitatis Sapientiae - Film and Media Studies, vol. 26 (2024), edited by Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania. As the survey’s author summarizes in her abstract, “[t]he participants in this discussion were asked by Ágnes Pethő to answer five groups of questions with the aim of providing an inspection of key issues affecting the study of intermediality, and to offer an overview of ideas that have emerged from the diversification of intermedial scholarship practiced in various parts of the world. Although far from comprehensive in its covering of geographical areas or publication outlets, with some of the answers more succinct than the others, this survey puts a spotlight on important publications and theoretical concerns of intermedial scholarship today. It probably raises even more questions that might be the focus of further debates” (2024, p. 1).

The paper aims at presenting the linguistic attitudes and the underlying ideologies of the students of the Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania towards their mother tongue and the Romanian language. It provides a brief summary of the most important theoretical aspects entailed (definitions and an overview of the Hungarian sociolinguistic research on linguistic attitudes and ideologies) with special regard to István Lanstyák’s classification of linguistic ideologies. The paper continues with the presentation of the University, of the population and the sample used in the research, and the distribution of the respondents by faculty, sex, age, place of origin, nationality and mother tongue. In the following chapter, the perceived Romanian competence and the attitudes of the students towards the Romanian language is discussed. The last part of the paper gives a qualitative analysis of the responses to the question Where do you think is the most beautiful Hungarian spoken?, focusing on the issues of linguistic attitudes of the students and the ideologies behind them regarding their opinions on the most beautiful variety of the Hungarian language.

The impact of information technology on the society is by all means broad and profound. The opportunities and challenges information technology has brought to us can be traced to the industrial restructuring in the U.S. of the early days and evident in the discussion on digital divide and electronic government of the present days. As far as the application of information technology to political process, the current research efforts are on electronic government and electronic democracy as applied in the domestic context. However, recognizing the compression of time and space as information technology makes possible, international organizations of the information age should be able to serve local people more directly and international civil society able to conduct transnational grass root mobilization more easily with the aid of information technology. This paper observes the Online Forum on Internet Governance in held in 2004 and the IGOVAP forum in 2005 with two main inquiries. One is on the extent to which Internet helps mobilize local people from developing countries and civil society organizations to participate in global policy process, while the other is on the extent to which Internet helps local people from developing countries and civil society organizations have real impact on global policy outcome with regard to Internet Governance.