An Enhanced Factoring Algorithm for Reliability Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Networks

A new hierarchical belief-rule-based method for reliability evaluation of wireless sensor network

In this paper we consider the problem of modeling and evaluating the infrastructure communication reliability (ICR) of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Our approach is progressive and based on reduced ordered binary decision diagrams (ROBDD). Due to the nature of the ROBDD and the reduction scheme used in the progressive process, the approach is computationally efficient and is easy to implement. We also incorporate the consideration of common cause failures (CCF) into the reliability analysis of WSN. We illustrate the application and advantages of our approach by working through the analysis of an example WSN

In this article, the coverage reliability of wireless sensor network is evaluated from a new perspective. Based on the D–S evidence theory, we define the concept of belief degree of sensing result, establish a belief-degree-coverage model considering common cause failures, and define three indexes to evaluate the reliability of the above coverage model. In order to calculate the belief degree of the sensor's sensing result considering common cause failures, we use a membership function to obtain the basic probability assignment (BPA) of sensing results and derive the calculation formula of BPA of interference sources. Two algorithms to calculate three reliability indexes are proposed. The first is the perimeter coverage algorithm considering interference, the complexity of which is better than that of some other algorithm. The second is the algorithm based on Monte Carlo simulation, which is easy to program on the computer. We use the second algorithm to evaluate the coverage reliability and analyze the influence of parameters (the target's attribute value, interference factor, some threshold, and so on) on coverage reliability.

Timely reliability modeling and evaluation of wireless sensor networks with adaptive N-policy sleep scheduling

WITHDRAWN: Developing a software reliability evaluation model for wireless sensor networks based on analysis of software fault growth

In this study a model for data reliability in wireless sensor networks is proposed, in which machine learning methods are used. Proposed framework includes data modelling, missing data prediction, anomaly detection, data fusion and trust mechanism phases. Thus, temporal analysis is performed on the preprocessed sensor data and missing data are predicated. Then outliers on collected data are detected on the cluster head nodes by using Eta one-class Support Vector Machines. If an event is detected data are fused and then send to sink. If an anomaly is detected for a node's data, the trust weight of the node is decreased.

Performance evaluation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), like any communications network system, can be conducted by using simulation analysis, analytic modeling, and measurement/testing techniques. Evaluation of WSN systems is needed at every stage in their life. There is no point in designing and implementing a new system that does not have competitive performance, and does not meet the objectives and performance evaluation and quality of service requirements. Performance evaluation of an existing system is also important since it helps to determine how well it is performing and whether any improvements are needed in order to enhance the performance [1].

A wireless sensor network (WSN) (singular and plural of acronyms are spelled the same) is a distributed system composed of autonomous sensor nodes wireless connected and randomly scattered into a geographical area to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. Adequate techniques and strategies are required to manage a WSN so that it works properly, observing specific quantities and metrics to evaluate the WSN operational conditions. Among them, one of the most important is the reliability. Considering a WSN as a system composed of sensor nodes the system reliability approach can be applied, thus expressing the WSN reliability in terms of its nodes' reliability. More specifically, since often standby power management policies are applied at node level and interferences among nodes may arise, a WSN can be considered as a dynamic system. In this article we therefore consider the WSN reliability evaluation problem from the dynamic system reliability perspective. Static–structural interactions are specified by the WSN topology. Sleep/wake-up standby policies and interferences due to wireless communications can be instead considered as dynamic aspects. Thus, in order to represent and to evaluate the WSN reliability, we use dynamic reliability block diagrams and Petri nets. The proposed technique allows to overcome the limits of Markov models when considering non-linear discharge processes, since they cannot adequately represent the aging processes. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique, we investigate some specific WSN network topologies, providing guidelines for their representation and evaluation.

Wireless sensor networks are used for sensing data if wired communication is not suitable. Connection losses and depletion of nodes, however, result in reduced data availability of such networks. This is problematic in upcoming scenarios like health care or home automation where data availability is highly important. In this paper, we present an approach to provide robust data storage for wireless sensor networks. We achieve this goal by providing FAME-DBMS, a customizable database management system which can be tailored according to the varying requirements of a sensor network. FAME-DBMS provides reliable data storage using security and integrity features, transaction management and recovery and a customizable query engine. Since data reliability in wireless sensor networks also suffers from node failures, we propose a new S - RAID storage layer inspired from the RAID approach of server systems. This S-RAID is integrated in FAME-DBMS to store data redundantly and distributed in a wireless sensor network and thus provides access to data even when nodes fail.

The emergence of Wireless Sensor Networks has enabled the detection of potentially dangerous or catastrophic events prior to their actual occurrence. Wireless Sensor Networks rely on sensors that collect data on environmental conditions, allowing an early warning system to be implemented for potentially dangerous or catastrophic events, enabling an organization to take actions to prevent or mitigate these types of events. The technology digital twin has potential to improve ability of a wireless sensor network to detect faults and recover from them before the fault occurs. Digital Twins are real-time representations of physical objects or systems that track activity and behaviour of that physical object or system. By combining the Digital Twin with a Wireless Sensor Network, it is possible to create a model of predictive maintenance that can detect potential fault conditions before they occur by utilizing fault-analysis techniques. By utilizing this model to improve the Wireless Sensor Network, it is possible to improve the reliability and reduce the incidence of natural disasters. This report describes how Digital Twins can be created and how they can be used in Predictive Maintenance to increase the reliability of wireless sensor networks. These findings illustrate the power of such an AI-based approach toward completely transforming fault management within WSNs, toward being more robust, efficient, and reliable sensor networks in today's world.

Design of reliable wireless sensor network (WSN) needs to address the failure of single or multiple network components and implementation of the techniques to tolerate the faults occurred at various levels. The issues and requirements of reliability improvement mechanism depend on the available resources and application for which the WSN is deployed. This paper discusses the different modeling approaches to evaluate the reliability and classification of the approaches to improve it. Also the paper analyzes reliability enhancement by existing fault tolerant methods in WSN and compares the performance of these techniques with the technique we developed. From the results of the analysis we highlight the challenges and the characteristics of the sensor network affects the reliability and give some scope of future research directions in order to enhance reliability.

In order to improve the communication reliability of wireless sensor networks, a wireless sensor network access authentication system based on embedded microcontroller is designed. Design the overall structure and hardware configuration of wireless sensor network access authentication system, and collect the information of sensor nodes; Creatively based on the duapii protocol, the node trust is calculated according to the node behavior, and the dynamic access authentication of wireless sensor network users is realized through the authentication and login process. According to the system test results, the designed system can realize the access authentication of wireless sensor networks. When the wireless sensor network is attacked by different types of attacks, the communication delay is less than 100 ms, which improves the reliability of network communication.

One of the remarkable challenges in the area of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is how to route the collected data and transfer them in the nodes. Due to the high rate of packet loss, guaranteeing reliable and efficient packet transfer and delivery is considered to be one of the hot issues in the area of WSNs. Indeed, due to energy limitation of nodes in WSNs, reliability and energy are regarded as critical parameters in these networks. In this paper, a method has been proposed for optimizing the parameters of reliability and energy consumption in multimedia WSNs. In the proposed protocol, Increasing the Delivery Ratio with Network Coding (IDRNC) a network coding mechanism has been used for transmitting data which enhances the reliability of the network. Furthermore, reducing the number of transmissions and receptions in network nodes results in the reduction of energy consumption. In the proposed protocol, the transmitted packets are first coded and transmitted to the sink through the shortest route. In the middle of the route, in case packets are lost, median nodes can detect and recover the lost packet through the coded packet. The simulation results indicated that the method proposed in this study operates better than the LIEMRO method with respect to the following features: system efficiency, average remaining energy of the network, the number of lost packets and reliability. Keywords: Multipath Routing, Network Coding, Reliability, Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs)

Sensor network simulators are important tools for the design, implementation and evaluation of wireless sensor networks. Due to the large computational requirements necessary for simulating wireless sensor networks with high fidelity, many wireless sensor network simulators, especially the cycle accurate ones, employ distributed simulation techniques to leverage the combined resources of multiple processors or computers. However, the large overheads in synchronizing sensor nodes during distributed simulations of sensor networks result in a significant increase in simulation time. In this paper, we present a novel technique that could significantly reduce such overheads by minimizing the number of sensor node synchronizations during simulations. We implement this technique in Avrora, a widely used parallel sensor network simulator, and achieve a speedup of up to 11 times in terms of average simulation speed in our test cases. For applications that have lower duty cycles, the speedups are even greater since the performance gains are proportional to the sleep times of the sensor nodes.

In order to improve the throughput and transmission reliability in wireless sensor network with limited resources, multicast network coding technology is imported in. On this basis, through random linear network coding by nodes' cooperation to make improvement in delayed and expense. The simulation results show that the transmission, to the opportunity routing, by cooperation network coding strategies is improved in making full use of space-time reusability, reducing the delay and enhancing the throughput and transmission reliability of wireless sensor network.