Analysis of Fuzzy Network Selection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Mobile Networks

Particle swarm optimization application for multiple attribute decision making in vertical handover in heterogenous wireless networks

Mobile communication plays an important role in the future of communication systems. To meet personalized and intelligent requirements, mobile communication has evolved from single wireless cellular network to heterogeneous mobile communication network, including wireless cellular network, wireless local network, and wireless personal network. In the heterogeneous communication system, to entirely fulfill the spectrum resource complementary advantages of such a heterogeneous wireless network, the spectrum resource trade algorithm has attracted tremendous research efforts. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic spectrum allocation and load balancing are discussed and spectrum auction takes the place of spectrum allocation to maximize the operation revenue. The authors design a joint spectrum auction and load balancing algorithm (SALB) based on heterogeneous network environment to develop a more flexible and efficient spectrum management. The simulation result shows that SALB increases the operation profit significantly.

A main target of the next generation wireless networks is to integrate multiple wireless access technologies to provide seamless mobility to mobile users with high-speed wireless connectivity. Network selection is one of the most significant challenges for load balancing to avoid network congestion and performance degradation because of the heterogeneous wireless access environment in next-generation wireless heterogenous networks. In this paper, we present an efficient network selection mechanism to guarantee mobile users selecting a most appropriate wireless network to connect from the heterogenous wireless networks using the theory of games. We prove the network selection game is a potential game, and the solution to the sum rate maximization problem constitutes a feasible pure strategy Nash equilibrium (NE) of the formulated game. Furthermore, a distributed algorithm to learn the NE of the proposed game with limited feedback is presented based on the concept of learning automata. Simulations show that this algorithm which outperforms random selection algorithm in a highly efficient manner can converge to the NE with our designed utility function and achieve near optimal or optimal sum rate performance.

As many access technologies develop, more and more heterogeneous wireless networks appear around us. In this case, when whole mobile networks move from the visiting network to another, the handoff attracts the attentions especially. The exited handoff methods with network mobility merely extended the scheme of handoff in MIPv6 or integrated the exited methods into the uniform scheme but it can not make the good effect to really and truly solve the fast and smooth (packet lossless) handoff in heterogeneous wireless networks. In this paper, the fast handoff scheme is given and it provides Multi-Mobile Router (MMR) with a vicinage table to keep information about their vicinages access router. Using this method, it performs the Fast Handoff with network mobility effectively in heterogeneous wireless networks. In addition, we introduce the new entity TCS (temporary control server) to manage MMR procedure in order to complete fast handoff and reduce the power consumption of MMR. By analysis and simulations, we demonstrate that fast handoff scheme has the better performance than Basic NEMO.

Decision making is the hot topic in business management. Recently, there have been investigations in Call Admission Control (CAC) to handle the handover events in wireless network environments. Wireless networks have been seen to support different handoff mechanisms, in which the user can switch from one wireless network to another such as from IEEE 802.11 to IEEE 802.16. Many wireless standards, such as IEEE 802.16e and IEEE 802.11, have been proposed to satisfy diverse requirements for mobile users.. Several strategies have been proposed to realize seamless handoff in the heterogeneous networks; in this paper, we analyze the performance of some novel intelligent handoff mechanisms with multiple attributes. The mobile set dynamically selects the optimal network and provides the user with high throughput of Quality of Service (QoS) as to minimize the blocking probability of the system in heterogeneous networks. We evaluate some intelligent handoff mechanisms such as Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPOSIS), Simple Additive Weight (SAW), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Logic and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). From the results, blocking probability and dropping rate can be referenced to support better QoS.

Many studies have shown that Vegas TCP has a better throughput and stability than Reno TCP in homogeneous networks with a single TCP flavor, but performs less well in heterogeneous networks in which two TCP flavors coexist. The progressive behavior of Reno TCP and the conservative behavior of Vegas TCP cause a bias when they are used simultaneously, and thus Vegas TCP fails to obtain a fair share of the bandwidth. This paper examines the origins of this bias and proposes a threshold-based congestion control mechanism designed to alleviate the resulting unfairness problem. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a higher throughput than the conventional Vegas TCP scheme and preserves the stability of the conventional scheme when used in heterogeneous wired and wireless networks.

In this paper we investigate the impact of a Relay Node (RN) placement plan on a heterogeneous wireless network called Hybrid Wireless Network with dedicated delay nodes (HWN*) in terms of system capacity, transmission delay and Quality of Service (QoS). A novel HWN* Heuristic RN Placement (HHRP) algorithm, which considers RN assistance & support for radio resource sharing such as inter-network traffic balancing, TD/CDMA soft handover, routing and user mobility has been implemented. A system level simulation is used to quantify the benefits of HWN* using HHRP algorithm over HWN* with other RN placement plans and multi-hop cellular networks. I. INTRODUCTION A heterogeneous wireless network refers to a wireless net- work that is comprised of wireless nodes with different radio access technologies or equipment with different operating systems. For example, it can be a wireless sensor network including bluetooth based radio access and zigbee 802.15.4 based radio access or a hybrid wireless network including cellular access and 802.11b/g based radio access. Specifi- cally for a hybrid wireless network, the increase of cellular communication intensity results in a reduction in cell size, thus much denser clusters are required resulting in increased infrastructure cost and system complexity. Meanwhile, the bursty nature of communication traffic and path loss results in traffic prediction difficulty. A solution must be found to provide effective resource management, congestion control and routing. The hybrid wireless network which incorporates cellular and MANET interfaced RELAY nodes, provides a practical approach for this. Nevertheless, the dedicated relay infrastructure approach can be also be adapted to the emerging wireless sensor network in order to maintain node connectivity, support sensor data aggregation and optimise power consump- tion.

SummaryNetwork selection mechanisms have a significant role in guaranteeing the QoS for users in a heterogeneous wireless networks environment. These mechanisms allow the selection of an optimal wireless network to satisfy the needs of users. Users are provided with the opportunity to select from multiple connectivity opportunities available all over various wireless networks. Furthermore, the network operators themselves can execute active selection strategies that facilitate proper decision making, in which user preferences are considered. This study proposes a new noncooperative competing game‐theoretic model and strategy space based on user preference. This model can solve network selection problems and capture the inter‐linkages of decisions taken by various networks. A generalized simple additive weighting method is incorporated into the framework of noncooperative game theory. In addition, the utility function is employed to assess the usefulness of the system. Simulation results and analysis illustrate the efficacy of the suggested model in attaining optimum network utility for heterogeneous wireless networks while optimizing user satisfaction. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The wireless network environment in the future is going to include various heterogeneous wireless networks. In a heterogeneous wireless network environment, vertical handoff processes caused by the movement of users are inevitable. However, the research related to how to achieve seamless vertical handoff and improve QoS guarantees in today's heterogeneous wireless networks is still something to work on. Therefore, this paper proposed the Advanced Vertical Handoff Translation Center (Advanced VHTC) architecture for Wi-Fi/WiMAX heterogeneous wireless networks, aiming to improve the quality of services in heterogeneous wireless networks by means of packet formats translation between heterogeneous wireless networks and the MIH-based seamless vertical handoff mechanism, which cut down the time for vertical handoff and obtain high quality and persistent connection service. Lastly, with the brilliant results of a complete simulation, this paper will show the performance in terms of delay, jitter, packets loss and throughput to prove that the Advanced VHTC for next generation heterogeneous wireless networks can provide good QoS guarantees and obtain persistent transmission with high performance while performing seamless vertical handoff.

In a heterogeneous wireless network, multiple networks are available to provide seamless connectivity. In this environment, the terminal has the ability to connect to most efficient network as per users requirements. This is known as network selection. This selection is done by assigning weightage to network attributes on the basis of users preference. In this paper, selection of network is done using Evolutionary and Bankruptcy Game Model. This simulation is done for conversational and background traffic class. Simulation results of score obtained in case of available WIMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service) environment is used for the selection of a network. The selection using Evolutionary Game and Bankruptcy Game Model is done at user terminal side and network operator side respectively. Therefore, Game theory proves to be useful for network selection in fifth generation of wireless network.

It is envisaged that next generation wireless networks (NGWN) will be heterogeneous, consisting of multiple radio access technologies (RATs) coexisting in the same geographical area. In these heterogeneous wireless networks, mobile terminals of different capabilities (heterogeneous terminals) will be used by subscribers to access network services. We investigate the effect of using heterogeneous mobile terminals (e.g. single-mode, dual-mode, triple-mode, etc.) on call blocking and call dropping probabilities in cooperative heterogeneous wireless networks. We develop analytical models for heterogeneous mobile terminals and joint radio resource management in heterogeneous wireless networks. Using a two-class three-RAT heterogeneous wireless network as an example, the effect of using heterogeneous terminals in the network is evaluated. Results show the overall call blocking/dropping probability experienced by subscribers in heterogeneous wireless networks depends on the capabilities of mobile terminals used by the subscribers. In the worst case scenario, when all subscribers use single-mode mobile terminals, each subscriber is confined to a single RAT and consequently, joint radio resource management in heterogeneous wireless network has no improvement on new call blocking and handoff call dropping probabilities. However, in the best case scenario, when all subscribers use three-mode terminals, new class-1 call blocking probability decreases from 0.37 (for 100% single-mode terminals) to 0.05, at the arrival rate of 6 calls per minute. New class-2 call blocking probability also decreases from 0.8 to 0.52. Similarly, handoff class-1 call dropping probability decreases from 0.14 to 0.003, and handoff class-2 call dropping probability decreases from 0.44 to 0.09.

A new multi-rat scheduling algorithm for heterogeneous wireless networks

This paper investigates effectiveness of distributed radio access network (RAN) selection schemes to optimize radio resource usage, for the realistic heterogeneous wireless networks, in which the distribution of the base stations are non-uniform and the non-cognitive legacy terminals also connect to the same RANs. Our proposed algorithm is based on mutually-connected and higher-order neural networks, which can directly optimize any objective functions of entire heterogeneous wireless networks, by completely distributed procedure. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme is effective even for non-uniform heterogeneous wireless network environments, especially for higher-order and complex optimization problems. Such improvements in the proposed method also can be seen also for the cases that the legacy non-cognitive terminals co-exist in the same heterogeneous wireless networks.

The selection of an optimal access network is an essential aspect of service delivery in heterogeneous wireless networks. Many efficient methods are used in the selection of the best network. The relation between monetary cost and bandwidth affects the network selection process, but this consideration is not accounted for in other selection processes. This study proposes the use of golden ratio to determine the mathematical relation between monetary cost and bandwidth, which can serve as a viable indicator for both users and service providers. Results and analyses illustrate the efficiency of the suggested relation to select the best network in heterogeneous wireless networks and optimize user and network provider satisfaction levels.

Network reliability analyses have received much attention in heterogeneous wireless network performance evaluation during the last few years. In this paper, a method for heterogeneous wireless network reliability evaluation to meet the required levels of heterogeneous wireless network differences of various graph-theoretic connectivity measures is proposed. A concept of heterogeneous wireless network reliability degree is proposed and a heterogeneous wireless network reliability entropy-based method for analyzing the proposed reliability measure is discussed. This method is based on heterogeneous wireless network survivability and stability analyses. Its core is the computation of some heterogeneous wireless network combinatorial invariants. These invariants, once computed, directly provide pure and simple framework for computation of heterogeneous wireless network reliability. We illustrate how a new approach to assessing the performance of in heterogeneous wireless networks. Our results also illustrate how the characteristics of the heterogeneous wireless networks may affect the performance of the different measures. We also present some simulation results.