Analyze Data & Interpret Results

The efficacy of esketamine nasal spray (NS) as a rapid-acting agent for treatment resistant depression (TRD) was demonstrated in comparisons with placebo, when both were given in addition to a newly initiated selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)/serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). How esketamine NS compares with commonly used real-world (RW) polypharmacy treatment strategies is not known. ICEBERG was an adjusted indirect treatment comparison that analysed data from SUSTAIN-2 (NCT02497287; clinicaltrials.gov), a long-term, open-label study of esketamine NS plus SSRI/SNRI, and the European Observational TRD Cohort (EOTC; NCT03373253; clinicaltrials.gov), an observational study of routine clinical practice. Data were compared between patients receiving esketamine NS (SUSTAIN-2) and those from the EOTC treated with polypharmacy treatment strategies, either combination or augmentation. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders, using rescaled average treatment effect among treated estimates. Threshold analyses were conducted to assess potential impact of unmeasured confounders on the robustness of analyses where esketamine NS was found to be significantly superior. Sensitivity analyses were used to understand the impact of analysis method selection and data handling. Esketamine NS treatment resulted in a higher probability of 6-month response (49.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 45.6-53.9]) and remission (33.6% [95% CI 29.7-37.6]) versus RW polypharmacy (26.8% [95% CI 21.0-32.5] and 19.4%, [95% CI 14.2-24.6], respectively). Relative risk calculations showed esketamine NS was 1.859 (95% CI 1.474-2.345; p < 0.0001) times as likely to result in response and 1.735 (1.297-2.322; p = 0.0002) times as likely to result in remission versus RW polypharmacy at 6 months. Threshold and extensive sensitivity analyses supported that analyses of esketamine NS superiority were robust. ICEBERG supports esketamine NS being superior to current RW individualized polypharmacy strategies, including augmentation, with benefits extending beyond acute use, to improved chance of 6-month response and remission. While unobserved confounding factors may certainly impact results of an indirect comparison, threshold analysis supported a low likelihood of this affecting the conclusions.To view an animated summary of this publication, please click on the Supplementary video.

Innovative development of territories is strategically important for the prosperity of any country. This article aims at describing original methodology for comprehensive assessment of innovative development of Russian regions. The proposed model takes into account specific features of innovative activity of regions and identifies growth potential and resources of territories, taking into account not only the innovation environment, but also areas of innovative activity. The study relies on the statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Database and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. In the course of processing and analyzing data, the index method, the multidimensional average method, factor-index analysis and other statistical data processing methods are used. The research involves ranking Russian regions according to their levels of innovative development and further dividing them into groups of powerful, strong, medium and weak innovators. We also analyzed the dynamics of innovation in the regions by looking at the changes in their ranking positions. The research findings brought to light the uneven development of Russian regions. The proposed assessment toolkit can be further used for drawing individual profiles for regions and formulating recommendations and guidelines for these regions’ development by taking into consideration their strengths and weaknesses.The results of this study have theoretical and practical significance and can be used as a tool for management of innovative activities both at the level of individual territories and at the national level.

This study investigates the impact of public health financing on maternal health outcomes in India, analyzing data from 15 states ‎from 2015 to 2020. It examines the relationship between the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and key indicators of public health financing ‎on maternal healthcare, such as percentage of institutional births, antenatal care visits (at least four), and postnatal care within two days of ‎delivery. The data was collected from the National Health Profile and the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) report. Employing corre-‎lation analysis and panel data analysis using the Panel Least Squares method, Breusch-Pagan test, Hausman test, and a Fixed Effects model ‎in E-Views, the study aims to estimate the effect of these financing-related indicators on MMR. The correlation analysis showed that during ‎the time period 2015 to 2020, there was a strong negative correlation between MMR and all the independent variables taken for the study. ‎The panel data analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between the dependent and independent variables, and the fixed effect ‎model is more appropriate for the analysis of such models. The secondary data analysis also shows the improvement of maternal health over ‎time in India, as MMR has decreased over the years. The highest MMR is found in Assam and the lowest in Kerala during the study period. ‎The findings will provide insights into the association between public health financing and improvements in maternal health outcomes ‎across diverse Indian states over time‎.

This study aims to determine the direction of land use in Ratahan Subdistrict, Ratahan Timur and Pasan, Southeast Minahasa Regency, based on the Agroecology Zone using the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The type of research used in this study is quantitative research with a method of data and spatial interpretation. The types of data used in the study are primary data and secondary data. The data generated is arranged in the form of information and spatial. The study was conducted in 3 (three) subdistricts namely Ratahan Subdistrict, Ratahan Timur Subdistrict and Pasan Subdistrict, Southeast Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, which were included in 1 (one) sub-district, Ratahan Sub-district. While the implementation time in April to June 2018. Analysis of the data used in this study where the resulting data is arranged in the form of data and spatial information, then compiling and analyzing data using the Quantum ArcGIS version 10.2 program application. Besides that, biophysical data analysis and agricultural potential data will be carried out. The results of the study based on the concept of land use in Ratahan Subdistrict, East Ratahan and Pasan results of agroecological zone maps using GIS obtained 32 zones from the results of analysis of soil type and slope data and climate type. The results of the analysis of the allocation in accordance with the conditions of land use (land cover) as well as the output of the map of Southeast Minahasa Regency RTRW space map in 2013, the agroecological zone can be divided into two main uses, namely protected zone and cultivation zone. In protected areas recommended in protected forests, water catchment areas, river borders and lake bordersaround the springs. Whereas in the cultivation area it is recommended to use land for agroforesty, rice fields, settlements, mixed farming, conservation settlements, plantations and production forest.*eprm*

Helicobacter pylori interacts with gastric epithelial cells, activating signaling pathways important for carcinogenesis. In this study we examined the role of H. pylori on cell invasion and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process. The relevance of H. pylori cag pathogenicity island-encoded type IV secretion system (T4SS), CagA, and VacA for cell invasion was also investigated. We found that H. pylori induces AGS cell invasion in collagen type I and in Matrigel invasion assays. H. pylori-induced cell invasion requires the direct contact between bacteria and cancer cells. H. pylori-mediated cell invasion was dependent on the activation of the c-Met receptor and on increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. The abrogation of the c-Met receptor using the specific NK4 inhibitor or the silencing of c-Met expression with small interference RNA suppressed both cell invasion and MMP activity. Studies with different H. pylori strains revealed that cell invasion, c-Met tyrosine phosphorylation, and increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity were all dependent on the presence of a functional bacterial T4SS, but not on VacA cytotoxicity. Our findings demonstrate that H. pylori strains with a functional T4SS stimulate gastric epithelial cell invasion through a c-Met-dependent signaling pathway that comprises an increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity.

Namla language is a finding of Tim Pemetaan dan Kekerabatan Bahasa-Bahasa Daerah. Namla language found in Namla Villages, Senggi District, Keerom Regency of Papua Province. Numeral is a word or phrase which can show not only number or quantity but also the amount of things or the order in a row. This research used descriptive method by doing in three phases, there are data collecting, analyzing data, and presenting the result of analyzing data. Analyzing data by distributional method is conducted after the selected data was classified. Namla language has fine kinds of numeral, namely cardinal number, ordinal number, collective cardinal number, undefinite cardinal number, and distributive number. In Namla language, the numeral always be after a noun in a phrase.

Judiciary including district attorneys, state attorneys, and state attorney branches have duties and obligations on the election administration. The duties of a district attorney chief are collecting data and information; receiving reports; processing and analyzing data and information he gets by himself and from state attorney’s reports; making and submitting reports to the chair person; giving technical instructions to the chiefs of state attorneys in his law area; having coordination and synchronization with the regional intelligence community and with other related parties. Then, the duties of the state attorney chief are collecting data and information dealing with general elections; receiving reports from state attorney branches (if has branches); processing and analyzing data and information he gets by himself and from the branches’ reports; having coordination and synchronization with the regional intelligence community and with other related parties. The chief of state attorney brand has the same duties as the chief of state attorney. Finally, the reports are submitted to the district attorney.

Automated curtailment is potentially a powerful technique to reduce collision mortality of wildlife with wind turbines. Previously, we used a before–after–control–impact framework to demonstrate that eagle fatalities declined after automated curtailment was implemented with the IdentiFlight system at a wind power facility in Wyoming, USA. We received substantial interest and feedback regarding our study and, here, we implement several analytical suggestions and include more recent data that strengthen the inference we draw from our results. The five main analytical suggestions we received were to (1) exclude from analysis data that were collected during the period when automated curtailment was only partially implemented; (2) only analyse data from a single make and model of turbine; (3) evaluate changes in the rate of fatality, instead of the yearly numbers of fatalities that result from fluctuations around that rate; (4) calculate a standard measure determining effects of a treatment in a before–after–control–impact study and (5) examine yearly fluctuations of the fatality rate during the before period. After incorporating these suggestions and including additional data collected since the prior paper was published, our results confirm prior work. We demonstrate that eagle fatalities were reduced by 85% (95% highest density interval = 12%, 100%) after implementation of automated curtailment. Rate of fatalities declined by 2.85 eagles per year (−0.67, 5.70) between before and after periods at the treatment site and increased by 2.26 eagles per year (−1.77, 7.37) at the control site. Overall, the fatality rate declined by 4.91 (−0.27, 11.27) more eagles per year at the treatment site than at the control site. The probability that the fatality rate declined at the treatment site relative to the control site was 0.97. Our re‐analysis strengthens our inference by using more robust analyses and data to support the conclusions of the prior study suggesting that automated curtailment was effective at reducing eagle fatalities at our treatment site. Because of the site‐ and species‐specific nature of our work, future research should examine the efficacy of automated curtailment at other sites, with other species, and under different curtailment regimes.

Extreme prematurity (<28 weeks' gestation) is a major contributor to neonatal mortality in the U.S. and continues to create a burden of long-term respiratory and neurodevelopmental morbidity. Investigators from the Neonatal Research Network examined trends over time in maternal and neonatal care practices and neonatal outcomes, analyzing data from 34,636 extremely preterm infants (gestational age, 22 weeks 0 days through 28 …

Online finding aids, internet search tools, and increased access to the World Wide Web have greatly changed how patrons find archival collections. Through analyzing eighteen months of access data collected via web analytics tools, this article examines how patrons discover archival materials. Contrasts are drawn between access from library catalogs and from online search engines, with the latter outweighing the former by an overwhelming margin, and argues whether archival description practices should change accordingly. The past decade brought a revolution in intellectual access to archival collections through the emergence of the online finding aid. These tools, created in a multiplicity of formats (EAD, HTML, PDF, and others), have made it possible for researchers anywhere to use an Internet connection to find materials in archives. Since archivists first introduced this genre of digital documents to support unmediated discovery, they have been accompanied by questions about their use and usability. Tools exist to measure access counts and the pathways followed to these finding aids, but to date very little has been published to show whether these tools are being used for this purpose, or what the results are if they are being used. This article will examine the experience of one repository, Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (MASC) at the Washington State University Libraries, in collecting and analyzing data about the use of online finding aids. By 2008, MASC had well over eight hundred HTML finding aids online but no real numeric data 1 O'English: Applying Web Analytics to Online Finding Aids Published by DigitalCommons@USU, 2011 either on how often they were being accessed or on how they were found. In an effort to gather this data, MASC staff placed code from Google Analytics, a statisticsgathering Web service, on each finding aid webpage, as well as on other local gateway and digital collections pages. The intent was to explore the paths patrons follow to finding aids with the hope of improving access, as well as gaining patron-derived information that would help establish priorities for processing collections from the repository backlog and to determine which processed collections might benefit from further attention. The results of the statistical analysis provide useful data on where and how MASC users access our finding aids. Prior to the age of digital finding aids, their paper predecessors were found through various methods, which were generally predictable and well-defined, including online and analog library catalogs, published listings, and mediation by archives staff in person or by telephone. As the digital age emerged, many archives channeled substantial resources into major conversion projects, digitizing finding aids and often creating access to them through existing or new MARC records in online library catalogs. Digital search tools have become increasingly powerful and widespread, and social media have emerged as another path to online finding aids. Archivists with quantitative and qualitative data about the use of online finding aids can make better-informed decisions about the most effective ways to support discovery. The findings in this study suggest that it may again be time to change focus, shifting resources away from catalogs and toward the finding aids themselves.

Estimation of soil pH using PXRF spectrometry and Vis-NIR spectroscopy for rapid environmental risk assessment of soil heavy metals

Marriage is a sunnatullah that applies to all creatures of God, both humans, animals, and plants. Islam views that quality marriage will be measured from the process of pre, right, and post marriage. How someone starts the process of looking for a prospective wife or husband until the marriage contract and post-marriage will have offspring, all of which are clad in a clear Shari'a. So that the hope when having children, is that children who are pious and pious, can provide benefits to the people. Based on this matter, the Ministry of Religion took the initiative to implement the Candidate Candidate Course program in accordance with the government regulations that had been made.This research is a type of field research. The nature of this research is qualitative descriptive. In this study data collection methods used were observation, interview and documentation. In analyzing data, researchers used an inductive approach.The results of the study explained that what is meant by pre-marriage debriefing is the process of transforming behavior and attitudes in groups or the smallest social unit in society towards prospective brides. Quality marriage is a condition where marriage can produce happiness, conformity and stability of marriage. While the level of quality of marriage itself is influenced by factors such as optimal family composition, family life cycle, socio-economic feasibility and suitability of roles, social and personal resource factors of husband and wife even by premarital conditions. That the sakinah family is a family that all family members feel love, security, peace, protection, happiness, blessing, respect, respect, trust and blessed by Allah SWT.

Adenoviruses are an important cause of febrile respiratory illnesses in young children. With the large number of children attending day-care centers, the epidemiology of adenovirus infections in this population is increasingly important. Pacini and co-workers prospectively gathered and analyzed data on respiratory infections from 123 children enrolled in …

The strength of the relationship between two sets of sentence in the Arabic text is introduced or reintroduced by looking the correlative conjunction between the sentences. The sentence is the largest unit of grammatical organization within which parts of speech (such as: nouns, verbs, adverbs) and grammatical classes (for example: word, phrase, clause). In Arabic language, a sentence normally contains two basic main ellement, such as ( mubtada’ + khabar )/ (S + V + O) in jumlah ismiyyah and ( f’il + fa’il )/ (V+S+O) in jumlah fi’liyyah . This is the main sentence pattern in Arabic language, a structure which is considered a basic grammatical pattern for Arabic sentences, which can be used as a model for producing other sentences in the language. This article will elaborate the correlation between grammatical and meaning in the arabic sentences in the Islamic moral ethic book, such as: Bidayatul-Hidayah and al-Qira’ah ar-Rasyidah . There are two kinds of sentences in Arabic language, basic sentences and more complex sentences. The data of this research was taken from the book of Islamic moral ethic which had been translated into Arabic – Javanese language. The method used in this research was divided into three main steps, (1) collecting data, (2) analysis and elaborating the main data, and (3) reporting the result of the research. In the first step, collecting data will be used the observation of the dominant pattern of the sentences in Arabic language, and the second steps, analyzing data was using the distributional method followed by the substitution technique. Then, the reporting of the result had been used the formal and the informal method. This reseacrh had concluded that there are many patterns in Arabic sentences which can be constructed by the certain conjunction. Finally, the corelation between grammatical and meaning in the Arabic sentences can be divided into two main parts, they are: “to be equal” and “unequal”. Keywords : grammatical, meaning, basic sentence, and complex sentence, Arabic language.

Objective This study collected and analyzed data from patients with microtia in multiple clinical centers to obtain the incidence characteristics of microtia in Chinese. Methods Data from 746 patients with microtia were collected from six hospitals, including theThird Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Weihai Municipal Hospital, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2016 to December 2017. These data included the results of physical examination and the results of auxiliary examination such as electrocardiogram, chest CT, and abdominal ultrasound. Then, the accompanying malformations of the microtia were statistically analyzed and discussed. Data were entered and processed using SPSS 19.0 statistical software. The relationship between microtia deformities and associated malformations was analyzed by Pearson χ2 test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 746 patients with microtia were included, including 513 males and 233 females, aged 5-27 years old. There were 678 cases of unilateral microtia, 68 cases of bilateral microtia; 128 cases of Ⅰ degree, 564 cases of Ⅱ degree, and 54 cases of Ⅲ degree. In addition, 336 cases (45%) were associated with dysplasia of other systems. Detected anomalies were 321 cases of the ear, face, and neck, 261 cases of musculoskeletal system and 76 cases of cardiovascular system, 30 cases of anomalies of the urogenital system, eye, 27 cases of respiratory system, 7 cases of central nervous system, 5 case of digestive system and 1case of diaphragmatic hernia. The proportion of male and female with microtia was 47.0% (241/513) and 40.8% (95/233), respectively, and there was no significant difference in between (χ2=2.493, P=0.114); The composition ratios of unilateral and bilateral associated malformations were 45.7% (310/678) and 38.2% (26/68 ), and there was no significant difference in between (χ2=1.400, P=0.237); The composition ratios of Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ degree-associated malformations were 39.8% (51/128), 42.6% (240/564), and 83.3% (45/54), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 34.794, P<0.001). Conclusions Microtia has significant clinical heterogeneity with a higher proportion of associated malformations. A higher incidence of associated deformities in patients with severe microtia was observed. Systematic examination is required, which will be helpful to clinical therapy and etiology analysis. Key words: Congenital microtia; Associated malformations; Multi-center clinical study