Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis for Explicit and Implicit Aspects in Restaurant Review using Grammatical Rules, Hybrid Approach, and SentiCircle

Spoken syntax in children with acquired unilateral hemisphere lesions

Sentence structure and punctuation are core to the effective communication of ideas in written text. When writers use sentence structure and punctuation that makes sense, the reader is able to focus their attention on the ideas being communicated. When sentence structure and punctuation do not make sense, the reader has to read around the text to cobble together the intended meaning. For example, readers might have to re-read the text, read back and forwards across phrases and clauses to decipher references and lexical chains, slow down their reading rate, sometimes consciously superimpose standard sentence structure and punctuation, or choose to overlook some chunks of text that don’t seem to fit. Successful middle years writers write with the reader in mind. This chapter begins by introducing a quick-write prepared by a thirteen year boy in response to a stimulus about homelessness. We consider the role of sentence structure and punctuation for this young writer as he moves beyond the quick-write phase. The next section discusses the term ‘standard’ in the phrase standard sentence structure and punctuation, and why we deliberately shun the term ‘correct’. We also consider the situation where a writer deliberately plays with language through the strategic use of highly controlled non-standard sentence structures and punctuation. Ironically, this instance of non-standard sentence structures and punctuation is highly effective at achieving its communicative purpose. The two forms of grammar used in the Australian Curriculum (AC): English (Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority [ACARA], 2018) and the metalanguage (technical terms) that students will use for talking about the structure of written text are overviewed. Specially, we introduce the appraisal framework to explain the difference between traditional and functional grammar, and transitivity analysis to describe the parts of a clause. Different clause and sentence types and the forms of punctuation that are commonly used in the middle years of schooling are outlined. The final part of the chapter overviews some principles for teaching writing in the middle years of schooling, finishing with a three-stage pedagogical orientation that explains the changing roles for students and teachers. Various sections of the chapter include opportunities for the reader to pause, ponder and take action.

This comprehensive study investigates the crucial role of clauses in English sentence structure, primarily focusing on the distinction between independent clauses and dependent clauses. This research explores how these two types of clauses function as essential components in forming sentence structures, facilitating the expression of complex ideas and effective communication. The investigation reveals that independent clauses possess the ability to position alone as thorough sentences, while dependent clauses depend on independent clauses on the context and meaning. The study identifies various types of dependent clauses and examines how they contribute to more complex sentence structures. Furthermore, this research highlights the importance of subordinating conjunctions in introducing dependent clauses and establishing logical relationships within sentence structures. By elucidating the functions of independent and dependent clauses, this study provides valuable insights into the formation of effective sentence structures. The research demonstrates how the strategic use of independent and dependent clauses, along with the appropriate utilization of subordinating conjunctions, can enhance the quality and complexity of sentence structures. This analysis offers a deeper understanding of sentence structure mechanisms, contributing to broader linguistic theories and applications. The study emphasizes the critical role of clause analysis in developing strong writing skills and effective communication. The results indicate that a solid understanding of independent clauses, dependent clauses, and the use of subordinating conjunctions is crucial in creating varied and expressive sentence structures. This study contributes significantly to the considerate of sentence structures in English, underscoring the importance of independent clauses, dependent clauses, and subordinating conjunctions in language learning, teaching, and research. The study concludes that mastery of various clause types and the ability to combine them effectively are key to enhancing language proficiency and communication skills.

Background. The problem of grammatical peculiarity of syntactic connection in sentences with explanatory semantic-syntactic relations has still not been solved. Various linguists qualify the syntactic connection between specified component and its specifier in different ways, namely as hypotaxis, parataxis, syncretic hypotaxis-parataxis or parataxis-hypotaxis, special syntactic connection – “explanatory”, especial syntactic meaning, which is the result of redistribution of syntactic connections in the structure of simple sentence.Purpose. The purpose of the analysis is to prove syntactic dependencies between components of threemembers constructions formed by indirect syntactic connection in the structure of simple sentence and to determine directions of these dependences.Methods. The theoretical-methodological base of the research is the complex analysis of a sentence on the communicative, semantic-syntactic, and formal-syntactic levels, and, according to this, the qualification of the syntactic connection as the mediated by the semantic-syntactic level formal reflection of real connections between real things in the environment. We use some special methods also, namely: constituent analysis, analysis by the terms of dependence and elements of derivational analysis.Results. Arrangement of indirect syntactic connection in the structure of simple sentence contains three lines of subordination. Two of them extend from main component to specified component and its specifier and one of them extends from specified component to its specifier. Connection between specified component and its specifier has two hypotaxis features (clear distinction to main component and dependent component, duplication of main component’s morphological characteristics by dependent component) and one parataxis feature (belonging of specified component and its specifier to the same categorical word class). Simultaneously, this connection has peculiarities that contradict the parataxis nature, namely: specified component and its specifier are correlated with the same denotatum; there are explanatory semantic-syntactic relations, that do not correlate with parataxis, between them; they are not co-subordinate to the third component.Discussion. The indirect syntactic connection may be interpreted as hypotaxis according to a set of its peculiarities. Its nature may be double or transitional between single and double depending on functional-categorical nature of combining components. The prospective of our study is to research other spheres of realization of double syntactic connection.Article received 14.01.2018

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) plays a vital role in interpreting user opinions in customer reviews by identifying sentiment polarity linked to specific service aspects. However, traditional ABSA methods largely focus on explicit aspect mentions, often neglecting implicit aspects that are contextually implied. This limitation is especially critical in the hospitality domain, where customer reviews frequently include indirect references to hotel features. This study proposes an implicit aspect analysis framework for sentiment classification using hotel reviews, aiming to improve the detection and interpretation of implicit aspect expressions. A dataset of 2,000 TripAdvisor hotel reviews was collected and manually annotated by linguistic experts for four aspects: staff service, cleanliness, value for money, and location convenience. Each sentence was labeled as either explicitly or implicitly expressing an aspect, with associated sentiment polarity (positive or negative). A two-stage framework was developed: the first stage employed Word2Vec Skip-gram modeling and TF-IDF to construct an implicit aspect corpus; the second stage implemented machine learning and deep learning classifiers—including SVM, LR, MNB, RF, CNN, and LSTM—to predict sentiment. The hybrid feature representation combining TF-IDF and Word2Vec significantly enhanced the model's ability to detect implicit sentiments. Deep learning models, particularly LSTM and CNN, outperformed traditional classifiers in both sentiment polarity classification and implicit aspect association. Clustering results confirmed strong alignment with expert-labeled data, validating the framework’s effectiveness. The proposed framework demonstrates substantial improvements in classifying implicit aspects, offering valuable insights for service quality evaluation in hospitality and other domains relying on user-generated content.

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is currently among the most vigorous areas in natural language processing (NLP). Individuals, private and government institutions are increasingly using media sources for decision making. In the last decade, aspect extraction has been the most essential phase of sentiment analysis (SA) to conduct an abridged sentiment classification. However, previous studies on sentiment analysis mostly focused on explicit aspects extraction with limited work on implicit aspects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that covers implicit, explicit, and the combination of both implicit and explicit aspect extractions. Therefore, this systematic review has been conducted to, 1) identify techniques used for extracting implicit, explicit, or both implicit and explicit aspects; 2) analyze the various evaluation metrics, data domains, and languages involved in the implicit and explicit aspect extraction in sentiment analysis from years 2008 to 2019; 3) identify the key challenges associated with the techniques based on the result of a comprehensive comparative analysis; and finally, 4) highlight the feasible opportunities for future research directions. This review can be used to assist novice and prominent researchers to understand the concept of both implicit and explicit aspect extractions in aspect-based sentiment analysis domain.

In this article, based on the Tonyukuk monument, we will determine the level of sentence structures in Turkish languages 1300 years ago, which sentence structure is used more, and which compound sentences are used differently from the compound sentences used in contemporary Turkish languages. Examining the sentence structures in the language of the ancient Turkish written monuments is essential in determining the sentence forms in both the mid-century and contemporary Turkic languages. In the modern era, when the problems related to syntax in Turkic languages are eliminated, the first source we will refer to is the ancient written monuments. As we know in Gokturk, Uygur and other ancient Turkish written monuments, punctuation marks are absent. This creates difficulties in transcribing original texts, especially in determining where compound sentences begin and end. These monuments, which have long gone a long way, have been translated by different language experts until now, and in this translation process, punctuation marks that are written in the wrong place have led to the creation of independent compound sentences, for example, simple sentences written between independent compound sentences or vice versa. In order to eliminate this problem, of course, it is necessary to rely on the original text and to be able to analyze it correctly. In this article, we will try to pay attention to the correct punctuation of the sentences used in the Tonyukuk monument based on the original text and determine which sentences are more or less statistically in terms of structure. Keywords: Orkhon monuments, Tonyukuk monument, compound sentence, simple sentence.

Background: Mobile app usage is increasing in the digital age, with Ride-Hailing app becoming the primary example of this trend. To obtain valuable understanding of how people perceive and interact with mobile app, user reviews on platforms such as Google Play are usually analyzed. This analysis can assist developers to identify areas for improvement in both Ride-hailing and Google Play App. A promising method that can be used to analyze user perception in this instance is Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA). Objective: This research aimed to apply ABSA to user reviews using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) models. In this context, aspect identification and topic modeling were performed by using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). The model extracted topics from the reviews and used Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) to define the aspects of the topics to further enhance the analysis. For consistency and accuracy, the method included sentiment annotation by a human annotator. Methods: A total of two datasets were used in this research, with the first collected by scraping user reviews of Ride-Hailing App while the second was obtained from Kaggle, and to identify relevant topics, modeling was performed using LDA. These topics were then categorized into aspects using GenAI, covering areas, such as customer experience, service, payment, app features, task management, and event management. Subsequently, sentiment labeling was conducted using human annotators to provide a reliable baseline. BERT model was then used to classify sentiment with aspect hints, and the evaluation included calculations of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Results: The results showed that BERT model achieved the highest accuracy of 97% in sentiment analysis across all datasets. Conclusion: This research provided valuable understanding of user experience and established a strong ABSA framework for analyzing user reviews using LDA, Aspect Annotation, GenAI, and BERT sentiment models. Future research could expand this method to other app categories and incorporate real-time ABSA for continuous monitoring and dynamic feedback. Keywords: User Reviews, Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), Sentiment Analysis, Topic Modeling, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)

в статье рассматриваются два типа структур на материале английского языка: безличные предложения (прототипические) и односоставные именные предложения, реализующие сходное содержание – параметры окружающей физической среды. Задачами исследования является установление параметров актуализации семантических признаков в контекстах функционирования данных структур, а также сравнительный анализ параметров актуализации рассматриваемых признаков на материале различных текстов двух авторов. В качестве цели исследования рассматривается вопрос о степени их категориальной близости с опорой на выявленные в исследованиях прототипические семантические признаки категории «безличность». Материалом для исследования являются дневниковые записи Д. Вордсворт и Ч. Дарвина, в которых рассматриваемая семантическая сфера (энвайронментальная) представлена достаточно широко и разнообразно. Исследование показало, что семантические признаки, характеризующие ядерную зону категории «безличность», актуализируются в контексте функционирования составных именных предложений в различных форматах (прототипическом, а также периферийном – в различной степени удалённости от центральной зоны). Прототипические безличные структуры имеют жёсткую закреплённость в плане объективации определённой семантической сферы, в то время как односоставные именные предложений такой жёсткой связи с семантической сферой в описании фрагментов онтологической действительности не имеют, таким образом их функционально-семантический потенциал несоизмеримо шире. Исследование показало, что даже в условиях ограничения репертуара ситуаций, состояний и событий при описании, сравниваемые типы структур не демонстрируют гомогенность семантических признаков. Таким образом, подробное описание семантических признаков категории, средством объективации которой являются именные номинативные предложения, является перспективной областью для дальнейших исследований. the article considers two types of sentence structures in English: impersonal sentence structure (prototypical) and nominal mononuclear sentence structures. The sentences under study cover identical meaning – environmental parameters. There are a number of issues under consideration. Firstly, the semantic properties of either sentence structure type, secondly, whether the semantic properties discovered for the impersonal structure and its context could be detected within the nominal mononuclear structure functional context. Also the research aims at identifying the degree of the proximity of the categories projected by the sentence structures under study - actually, the issue is whether the prototypical semantic properties of the “impersonality” category are to be detected for the nominal mononuclear sentence (semantically specific). The texts analyzed are diaries by D. Wordsworth and Ch. Darwin, wherein the considered semantic sphere (environmental) is covered widely and diversely. The research has demonstrated that the semantic properties inherent to the central zone of the “impersonality” category are projected by the nominal mononuclear structure differently – prototypically, as well as manifesting peripheral features (diverse zones in terms of their proximity to/distance from the central zone). The prototypical impersonal structures manifest absolutely rigid fixedness on projecting particular semantics, while nominal mononuclear structures are not tightly fastened to any particular semantic area reflecting the ontology. Thus, the function and semantics of the nominal mononuclear structure could be estimated as incomparably vast. The research has proved that even if the repertoire of the situations/processes/events projected by either type of the structure is restricted to a single very specific semantic field, the structures under study are not semantically identical, or homogeneous. Thus, a thorough description of the semantics of the category projected by nominal mononuclear sentence structures opens wide perspectives for further research.

Function words, and more specifically prepositions and prepositional locutions, are considered to be one of the most important difficulties for children with DLD. To examine the capacity of bilingual children with developmental language disorder (DLD) to comprehend different Spanish prepositions and prepositional locutions in a simple sentence structure, for example, El gato está sobre la mesa/El gato está bajo la mesa (The cat is on the table/The cat is under the table). We used simple sentence structures to reduce lexical difficulties in order to focus our evaluation strictly on the grammatical morphemes under study. A total of 96 Spanish and Catalan-speaking participants, divided into four groups, were evaluated in an eye-tracking psycholinguistic experiment: 24 children with DLD (average age = 7.8 years, age range = 4.6-12.6), 24 children with the same chronological age (average age = 7.8 years, age range = 4.6-12.2), 24 children with the same linguistic level (average age = 6.8 years, age range = 4.6-9.4) and 24 adults (average age = 22.5 years, age range = 18-30). The empirical data show that, despite some differences, bilingual children with and without DLD can comprehend Spanish prepositions and prepositional locutions under the current experimental conditions. Our results suggest that the capacity of bilingual children with DLD to comprehend Spanish prepositions and prepositional locutions in real time and within simple sentence structures is preserved. What this paper adds What is already known on the subject The empirical literature indicates that children with DLD show important errors in the production of functional words in general, and prepositions in particular. However, unlike other grammatical morphemes (such as clitic pronouns and articles), prepositions have been less studied, and the few existing studies have focused on the dimension of language production, not comprehension. What this paper adds to existing knowledge The present study, composed of two experimental tasks, seeks to determine to what extent the observable difficulty in the linguistic production of prepositions is also present in the comprehension of children with DLD. The empirical results suggest a less atypical comprehension in comparison with our initial hypothesis, and the differences that appear between the two tasks, allow us to formulate a theoretical interpretation regarding the mechanisms of their understanding. Thus far, we are not aware of other studies that have evaluated in real time the comprehension of prepositions and prepositional locutions in parallel. Clinical implications of this study Results suggest the presence of a more preserved comprehension of prepositions and prepositional locutions, at least in real-time experimental conditions (eye-tracking) and in simple sentence structures. A less atypical comprehension raises the possibility of a better prognosis for children with DLD. Working with comprehension of simple sentences and the gradual addition of more difficult grammatical morphemes could help to enhance the comprehension of a growing complex grammar.

Many students with learning disabilities struggle with sentence writing fluency, the skill of quickly and accurately generating words that follow rules of semantics, spelling, syntax, and usage within sentence structures understandable to readers. Students who struggle with sentence writing fluency may face difficulty fully expressing their ideas while engaging in academic writing. In the present article, we describe how a combination of explicit instruction and fluency practice can improve the simple sentence writing fluency of students with learning disabilities. We detail how five design and delivery steps can help to create a supplemental writing intervention that addresses simple sentence structure, syntax, and usage.

Differentiated learning in fifth-grade elementary schools in the Untung Surapati cluster, East Denpasar District, has not yet been maximized. Teachers face challenges in implementing differentiated learning when teaching sentence structure. This issue needs to be examined to determine solutions that can be used in sentence structure teaching. The methods used for data collection include observation, interviews, and document analysis. The challenges faced by teachers include: 1) limited teaching staff. To address this, students are divided into several groups. 2) Difficulty understanding the concept of sentence structure. To overcome this difficulty, teachers can use the picture-and-picture method with the assistance of keywords. 3) Limited teaching time. This can be addressed by collaborating with fellow teachers in developing teaching materials. 4) With a large number of students, implementing cooperative learning can be a solution to handling large classes. 5) Teachers' skills in implementing differentiated learning are not yet optimal. Teachers are given opportunities to attend training sessions. 6) Each student has different needs, interests, and skill levels. To address this, teachers create flexible assessment rubrics. 7) Teachers use various teaching approaches to meet the diverse needs of students. Adjusting assessments to different teaching approaches becomes a challenge for teachers. Teachers should create assessment instruments based on the methods applied in teaching.

This study aims to find out: (1) Students' vocabulary mastery in making simple English sentences before applying STAD type cooperative learning methods; 2) Students 'vocabulary mastery in making simple English sentences after applying STAD type cooperative learning methods, (3) Effectiveness of applying STAD type cooperative learning models on increasing students' English vocabulary mastery in making simple sentences. This is a type of experimental research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. In this study using one group pretest and posttest research. The subjects of this study were 30 students in grade 5 SDN 9 Kesiman while the object was the mastery of students' vocabulary in making simple sentences. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and written tests. Qualitative and quantitative methods are applied in analyzing data. The results showed that: (1) There were 10 students whose 37.5% of the subjects were in the standard completeness score> 60. Meanwhile, the remaining 20 students namely 62.5% had not yet reached the standard completeness score. The average student score is 50.5 and it is quite low. Errors found in answering objective questions and making simple sentences lie in sentence structure, subject-verb relations, word choices, spelling, and use of punctuation. This error is categorized as a lack of student mastery of English vocabulary so that when students are asked to make and translate simple sentences in English there are still many that are lacking; (2) STAD is applied in 2 test sessions. The number of students who achieved the standard completeness score increased to 27 students or 87.5% while only 3 students or 12.5% did not meet the standard. The average value of students reaching 77.8 is categorized as good. Based on the Wilcoxon test output the significance value is 0.00 because the value is below 0.05 which is the significance value rate of the Wilcoxon test so it can be concluded that the cooperative learning type of STAD can significantly affect student learning outcomes. (3) The effectiveness of applying STAD type cooperative learning methods to increase students' vocabulary mastery in constructing simple sentences are: (1) an encouraging classroom atmosphere; (2) non-boring learning methods; (3) effective, relaxed and focused learning process; (4) Can motivate each other with a group of friends to learn English vocabulary together; and (5) Making students independent and responsible

The paper offers a new way of presenting the structure of a sentence. None of the two widely known methods of representation the syntactic structure of a sentence can be of any avail when applied to the Lithuanian language. Neither the tree, based on the phrase structure principle, nor the tree, suggested by the dependency grammar, do reflect all the syntactic information, which a Lithuanian sentence contains. The paper points out the differences between the Lithuanian language and other languages as well as presents the reasons why a Lithuanian sentence should be represented by a graph. The paper presents a generalized structure of a simple sentence in the Lithuanian language, namely, such a structure, which would embrace all the possible instances of a Lithuanian simple sentence. Every sentence of the text would have to activate only one path in the generalized structure.

In the era of e-commerce, tremendous product reviews can provide quick and valuable insight into the market trends. Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) on product reviews is becoming increasingly important for both companies and consumers. Implicit aspect extraction, a subtask of ABSA, aims to identify the aspect of a review sentence without explicit aspect terms. For Chinese online reviews, this paper proposes a fine-tuning BERT based method to extract implicit aspects. Fine-tuning BERT performs well on a variety of natural language processing tasks. Using labeled data, the hidden layer parameters of pre-training BERT are fine-tuned in a supervised manner to generate fine-tuning BERT. Through experiments on Chinese online reviews of clothing, it is believed that fine-tuning BERT can improve the effect of implicit aspects identification.