Assessing Relations Among Visual Variables in Hotel Lobbies Using Deep Learning

Chinese calligraphy is a symbol of cultural heritage; it is widely used in visual design (e.g., film posters and modern fashion) for its aesthetic value. In human-computer interaction, visual design complexity strongly influences users’ preferences. Indeed, the relevance of visual complexity to aesthetic preference has been confirmed. However, the visual complexity of calligraphy artworks has seldom been investigated and the process of how visual complexity affects aesthetic preference remains vague. Therefore, in this work we proposed a computational method to evaluate complexity and conducted several perception studies. Results showed that layout features and calligraphy style (regular script, running script, and cursive script) affected visual complexity. The level of visual complexity (low, medium, and high) affected aesthetic preference but calligraphy style did not. Furthermore, Chinese calligraphy with moderate visual complexity evokes strong aesthetic preference. The present findings can help designers redesign websites and interfaces for high aesthetic preference and can provide insights for developing the theoretical design of calligraphic art for advanced interaction in cultural heritage, such as in interactive systems for teaching calligraphy based on aesthetic cognition.

This paper describes the results of the first computational investigation of characteristic visual complexity in the architecture of Peter Eisenman. The research uses a variation of the “box-counting” approach to determining a quantitative value of the formal complexity present in five of Eisenman’s early domestic works (Houses I, II, III, IV and VI all of which were completed between 1968 and 1976). The boxcounting approach produces an approximate fractal dimension calculation for the visual complexity of an architectural elevation. This method has previously been used to analyse a range of historic and modern buildings including the works of Frank Lloyd Wright, Eileen Gray, Le Corbusier and Kazuyo Sejima. Peter Eisenman’s early house designs–important precursors to his later Deconstructivist works–are widely regarded as possessing a high degree of formal consistency and a reasonably high level of visual complexity. Through this analysis it is possible to quantify both the visual complexity and the degree of consistency present in this work for the first time.

Assessment model for perceived visual complexity of painting images

This report summarizes lighting recommendations on lighting and visual environment in interior spaces such as offices, public spaces, and residences for healthy older people (defined as people aged 50 years and older) with normal vision, and people with low vision, and implements guidelines described in CIE 196:2011 into practical solutions.-\n-The report provides (1) illuminance recommendations, derived from simulations with existing visual models for older people, (2) state of art of studies on how light helps people with low vision see objects by reviewing recent literature, and (3) design guidelines for lighting practitioners how to design appropriate visual environments for people with low vision.-\n-The publication is written in English, with a short summary in French and German. It consists of 73 pages with 46 figures and 9 tables and is readily available from the CIE Webshop or from the National Committees of the CIE.-\n--\n-This publication is also available in Spanish. Keywords: Colour contrast, Luminance contrast, Contrast sensitivity, Visual acuity, Defects of colour vision, Accessibility, Visually impaired, Accessible design, Low Vision Colour contrast. Luminance contrast, Contrast sensitivity, Visual acuity, Defects of colour vision, Accessibility, Visually impaired, Accessible design, Low Vision

Abordaje de la complejidad psicosocial en pacientes con cáncer

Background: Advancements in technology have significantly improved the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules in the lungs. Various computed tomography (CT) imaging techniques, including modern dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), have enhanced the ability to accurately classify pulmonary nodules as benign or malignant. In this study, three different dual-energy parameters — iodine load, contrast load, and visual assessment — were evaluated for their potential in characterizing pulmonary nodules. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and effectiveness of DECT in distinguishing benign from malignant pulmonary nodules using different parameters, including visual assessment, iodine concentration, and contrast load. Patients and Methods: This prospective study included patients who underwent contrast-enhanced thoracic DECT for solitary pulmonary nodules, had histopathological examination results, or had at least a two-year follow-up CT scan. Patients with nodules smaller than 6 mm or completely calcified nodules were excluded. Patients diagnosed with a suspicious solitary pulmonary nodule on chest radiography and subsequently underwent contrast-enhanced DECT, or those diagnosed with a lung nodule on routine non-contrast CT scans and later evaluated using DECT, were included in the study. Benign and malignant nodules were compared based on gender, age, contrast load, iodine load, and color map assessment. Nodule images were obtained 40 seconds after intravenous contrast administration using single-source DECT (120 kV split filter) with twin-beam technology. The visual enhancement and color map evaluation, including contrast and iodine load measurements, were separately calculated and recorded for each lung nodule. Results: A total of 59 patients [30 males (50.8%) and 29 females (49.2%)] with a solitary pulmonary nodule met the inclusion criteria. Among the 59 pulmonary nodules, 16 (27.1%) were malignant, and 43 (72.9%) were benign. Of the benign lesions, 23 (53.5%) were found in males and 20 (46.5%) in females. The mean age of patients with benign nodules was 53.5 ± 12 years (range: 25 - 73 years), while for those with malignant nodules, it was 69.2 ± 5.59 years (range: 57 - 75 years). There was no statistically significant difference in age between the two groups (P = 0.506). The median contrast load was 0.0 Hounsfield units (HU) [interquartile range (IQR: 64)] in benign nodules and 63 HU (IQR: 154) in malignant nodules. Malignant nodules had a significantly higher contrast load than benign nodules (P = 0.003). Using a cut-off value of 22 HU for contrast load in malignancy diagnosis, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 58.14%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 47.06%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 100%. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.746. The median iodine load was 0.0 mg/dL (IQR: 4.5) in benign nodules and 4.5 mg/dL (IQR: 11.8) in malignant nodules. Malignant nodules had a significantly higher iodine load than benign nodules (P < 0.001). Using a cut-off value of 1 mg/mL for malignancy diagnosis, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity was 62.79%, PPV was 50%, and NPV was 100% (AUC: 0.768). Conclusion: Dual-energy computed tomography provides valuable contributions in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. In this study, the diagnostic value of three different approaches — visual iodine coverage color map, iodine concentration, and contrast load — was demonstrated in distinguishing these lesions.

Comparison of photochromic, yellow, and clear intraocular lenses in human eyes under photopic and mesopic lighting conditions

Complexity or simplicity? Designing product pictures for advertising in online marketplaces

Contrast sensitivity and color vision with a yellow intraocular len

Polyclonal Antibodies Against Human Fibroblast Collagenase and the Design of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Measure TIMP-Collagenase Complex

ABSTRACT
 
 China's ancient ethnic minority clothes contain remarkable cultural elements, and among its treasures is the unique Naxi dress, the nation's oldest-standing traditional ethnic clothing. This study analyses the traditional Naxi clothing's structure, colour, fabric, motif characteristics, and accessories. These studies specify traditional Naxi clothing as the primary goal, which is fashioned in contemporary ways. Through an investigation of clothing composition and culture, the four main elements that constitute Naxi costumes should be applied to contemporary clothes. Firstly, the term "variability" designates a distinct style that differs in appearance depending on the way it is dressed. Secondly, the term 'colour contrast' denotes a high level of visual contrast. Third, material difference' integrates various materials into one. Fourth,' symbolic meaning' provides meaning to the wearer. As a consequence of this research, two modern clothing outfits were created with the implication of the unique character of Naxi costume clothes as a fashion design product, based on the traditional cultural characteristics of the Naxi people. By integrating components of traditional Naxi clothing and emphasising innovation, this study investigates and offers novel ideas for contemporary clothing design while simultaneously preserving traditional cultural elements for future generations.
 
 Keywords: Naxi people, Naxi traditional costumes, cultural elements, modern appeal

Task design has been viewed to be essential in the context of language assessment. This study investigated whether increasing task complexity affects learners’ writing performance. It employs three writing tasks with different levels of complexity based on Robinson’s Componential Framework. A cohort of 278 participants was selected using a simple random sampling technique, and a corpus of 603 compositions was used for data analysis. The results showed that learners demonstrated higher scores and higher levels of coherence in the compositions of more complex tasks. The findings of this study contribute to the growing field of cognitive research by exploring the effects of task complexity on learners’ writing production. The results have implications for online automated writing assessment, writing test development, and the design of high-stakes language tests. The findings also provide recommendations on how tasks should be designed to develop learners’ language production skills in writing instruction.

Neuroscientific investigations regarding aspects of emotional experiences usually focus on one stimulus modality (e.g., pictorial or verbal). Similarities and differences in the processing between the different modalities have rarely been studied directly. The comparison of verbal and pictorial emotional stimuli often reveals a processing advantage of emotional pictures in terms of larger or more pronounced emotion effects evoked by pictorial stimuli. In this study, we examined whether this picture advantage refers to general processing differences or whether it might partly be attributed to differences in visual complexity between pictures and words. We first developed a new stimulus database comprising valence and arousal ratings for more than 200 concrete objects representable in different modalities including different levels of complexity: words, phrases, pictograms, and photographs. Using fMRI we then studied the neural correlates of the processing of these emotional stimuli in a valence judgment task, in which the stimulus material was controlled for differences in emotional arousal. No superiority for the pictorial stimuli was found in terms of emotional information processing with differences between modalities being revealed mainly in perceptual processing regions. While visual complexity might partly account for previously found differences in emotional stimulus processing, the main existing processing differences are probably due to enhanced processing in modality specific perceptual regions. We would suggest that both pictures and words elicit emotional responses with no general superiority for either stimulus modality, while emotional responses to pictures are modulated by perceptual stimulus features, such as picture complexity.

Multicolor photochromic materials exhibit potential applications in high‐level information encryption, temperature monitoring, and chemical detection. However, critical challenges remain in simultaneously achieving both high color contrast and multicolor photochromism in a single inorganic material. Herein, BaMgSiO 4 :Co co‐doped with Fe, Cr, or Mn, displaying enhanced color contrast and rich colorations under 254 nm light irradiation are reported. Notably, BaMgSiO 4 :Co, Fe exhibits a visible color change from light blue to light purple under 254 nm light irradiation, with a maximum color contrast of 75.2%. In addition, under both clear and overcast skies, BaMgSiO 4 :Co, Fe exhibits environmental UV response, with its color contrast dynamically varying with the corresponding UV intensity. Moreover, temperature‐dependent multicolor changes (light purple, gray, and blue) are achieved in BaMgSiO 4 :Co, Fe, due to the stepwise release of electrons captured by defect energy levels with multiple depths upon heating. These findings promote the design of multi‐stimuli‐responsive multicolor photochromic materials, thus broadening the applications of photochromic materials.

Pickup ion dynamics at the structured quasi-perpendicular shock