ATM Safety Alert

Nowadays Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are widely used by people. People are dependent upon ATMs to conveniently meet their day-to-day needs. As it is an important factor there comes security. ATMs are electronic machines that are operated by customers to deposit or withdraw cash from banks. It is observed that the number of crimes related to ATMs is increased hence there is a need to provide better security to ATM machines. There are different technologies that are used to provide security to ATM machine which includes – RFID technology, fingerprint, face recognition, iris scan, OTP, reference number, random keypad, etc. In a traditional ATM system card and PIN numbers are used for authentication, where security plays a big concern, such as losing cards, stolen pin numbers, card cloning, shoulder surfing, fake keyboard, skimming, etc. In order to overcome these issues, this paper discusses various systems where ATM cards and pins are replaced by biometrics and how they made ATMs more secure.

This paper presented a new multilingual language for Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in Uganda which serves as an extension to the existing Languages. The existing ATMs have only English, Kiswahili and Luganda as the only available languages. Hence, findings revealed that there are still some prevalent languages e.g. Ateso language that are widely spoken among the people of Uganda which the present ATMs in the country have not captured. The objective of this paper was to propose the integration of the new language (Ateso language) to the existing languages. In this paper, a new language was adopted when it was realized that some people especially in the Buganda region could not manage to interact with the ATMs because they were illiterate. The developed multilingual system prototype was tested using some empirical data and was found to successfully imitate ATM transactions in the local Uganda languages. The results of the study supported the positive impacts on customers that reside in the rural areas since its improved interaction of more users on the ATMs. This paper demonstrated the use of Ateso language for different transactions on the ATM system. The implementation by the banking institutions can aid the ATM users to make more flexible decisions on the usage of the ATM machines.

Banking activities have become more complex with the introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), which has changed the mode of bank crimes and fraudulent practices, therefore, this study is to examine the impact of cybercrimes on selected Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in the Federal Capital Banks (FCT). The study used structured questionnaires and the population of the study is the staff and management of the selected Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in the Federal Capital Banks (FCT). The sample size of the study was determined using population mean or average values with assumed Z corresponding value of 1 percent level of significance to be 2.58 and 0.56 as population standard deviation for a true value of the population mean. The study used the mean of descriptive analysis and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for the estimation of the mean values of the banking activities indicators which are Automated Teller Machine (ATM) usage by bank customers and online banking transactions by bank customers. The study revealed that cybercrimes have a negative impact on online banking transactions and Automated Teller Machine (ATM) usage by bank customers in Federal Capital Tertiary (FCT). The study also found that there is a high level of banking cybercrime activities in the (FCT), banks online protocols against banking cybercrime activities in (FCT) is adequate, fight against banking cybercrimes in the FCT by the related agencies is below expectation, poor financial literacy and low knowledge of internet operation are the major causes of banking cybercrimes and the awareness creation on banking cybercrimes by all the related agencies are adequate. Therefore, the study recommended that there should be more awareness creation on banking cybercrimes by all the related agencies to reduce the rate of online banking transactions and Automated Teller Machine (ATM) cybercrimes in the Federal Capital Tertiary (FCT).

Automation of any processes in an efficient way that affect the mankind is an increasing demand of recent times. This includes the automation process that aims at instant generation of demand draft using the automated teller machine assigning a unique number for each demand draft generated coupled with availability of information for the same on the mobile. It also includes minimizing the transactions with respect to the financial institution for demand draft generation. Hence, the aim of this paper is to provide an efficient and convenient mechanism for the generation of demand draft using Automated Teller Machine. It also takes care of security issues to prevent its forceful generation by any means. There is a need to automate this process by making an instant debit on the user account from which demand draft generation is requested and credit to the account after producing the same to any respective financial institution or through the ATM itself. Also, the technical and the financial complexity of automated process are reduced by installing module within the automated teller machine which is globally accessible. This has been automated using RESTful web services which reduces the burden on the financial server.

Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are prime targets for physical theft attempts such as prying, drilling, hammering, tilting and towing. To address these threats, this paper proposes an IoT-based ATM Physical-Theft Detection System that integrates a suite of sensors, including magnetic, vibration, tilt/accelerometer. The system continuously monitors the ATM environment and classifies security events in real time based on severity levels. Magnetic sensors detect unauthorized panel displacement, vibration sensors capture drilling or hammering activities, and tilt sensors identify towing or lifting attempts when the ATM is tilted beyond 5° for over three seconds. A multi-sensor event correlation escalates alerts to critical, triggering immediate deterrent actions such as activating a siren, flashing lights, locking cash dispensers, capturing images or video, and sending encrypted alerts to a central monitoring server. Security staff are notified through SMS, email, or push notifications. This integrated approach enhances the resilience of ATMs against theft and tampering by combining real-time detection, automated deterrence, and centralized monitoring.

Aufgrund des demografischen Wandels gewinnt die seniorengerechte Nutzerfreundlichkeit von Bildschirmeingabemasken an Bedeutung. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung sollten daher bei allen in Sachsen vertretenen Geldinstituten deren Aktivitäten zur seniorenfreundlichen Gestaltung der Bildschirmeingabemasken ermittelt sowie diese anhand der Online-Banking-Applikationen und der Geldausgabeautomaten untersucht werden. In die Befragung wurden 21 Geldinstitute einbezogen, davon nahmen sieben an der Befragung teil. Weiterhin wurden die Demo-Konten von 44 Geldinstituten mittels einer standardisierten Checkliste analysiert. Die Analyse der Geldausgabeautomaten erfolgte in der Testregion Zwickau - Stollberg - Chemnitz und umfasste 28 Automaten. Die Befragung ergab, dass sich die Geldinstitute ansatzweise mit der Optimierung der Seniorenfreundlichkeit auseinandergesetzt haben. Kein Demokonto wies ein ausreichendes Farbkontrastverhältnis von Vorder- und Hintergrund auf. Sowohl bei der Gestaltung der Online-Banking-Applikationen als auch bei der Gestaltung der Geldausgabeautomaten besteht noch großer Verbesserungsbedarf.

Using the health belief model to explore users' perceptions of ‘being safe and secure’ in the world of technology mediated financial transactions

비밀번호를 입력하는 과정에서 가장 큰 보안 위협은 비밀번호를 훔쳐보는 것이다. 비밀번호 훔쳐보기는 비밀번호를 입력하는 과정을 옆에서 지켜보고 비밀번호를 획득하려고 하는 행위로서 비밀번호를 획득하는 가장 전통적인 방법이며 강력한 보안 위협이다. 본 논문에서는 인지심리학에 기초한 비밀번호 훔쳐보기로부터 안전한 기술인 역동 인증 체계(DAS)라 불리는 비밀번호 입력 기술을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안한 역동 인증 체계의 비밀번호 훔쳐보기에 대한 안전성을 직관적인 관점, 훔쳐보기 실험, 이론적인 분석으로 구분하여 검증하였다. 비밀번호 훔쳐보기로부터 안정성이 입증된 역동 인증 체계를 내장시킨 비밀번호 입력기를 설계하여 구현하였다. 구현한 비밀번호 입력기는 일반 패스워드 입력방식 보다 훔쳐보기 공격자의 비밀번호 획득 확률을 현저하게 낮출 수 있으므로 은행에서 운영하는 금융자동화기기에 적용 및 운영되기에 적합한 것으로 평가를 받아 금융기관에서 도입하여 활용되고 있다. When entering the PIN(personal identification number), the greatest security threat is shoulder surfing attack. Shoulder surfing attack is watching the PIN being entered from over the shoulder to obtain the number, and it is the most common and at the same time the most powerful security threat of stealing the PIN. In this paper, a psychology based PINpad technology referred to as DAS(Dynamic Authentication System) that safeguards from shoulder surfing attack was proposed. Also, safety of the proposed DAS from shoulder surfing attack was tested and verified through intuitive viewpoint, shoulder surfing test, and theoretical analysis. Then, a PINpad with an internal DAS that was certified for its safety from shoulder surfing attack was designed and produced. Because the designed PINpad significantly decreases the chances for shoulder surfing attackers being able to steal the PIN when compared to the ordinary PINpad, it was determined to be suitable for use at ATM(automated teller machine)s operated by banks and therefore has been introduced and is being used by many financial institutions.

A variety of commercial and private financial transaction are commonly carried out by Automated teller Machines (ATMs) and its security has always been a topic of study that tries to develop solutions that gives as many points in protecting ATM against electronic and physical threat. The availability of ATM machine is increasing exponentially day by day thus making it vulnerable to robbers and hackers. The implementation uses embedded system to ensure protection of ATM machine against physical threats in a cost effective way. The embedded system platform concept opens up an area for a new system architecture for monitoring the activities and positioning the machinery with greater efficiency and much better coverage. In this paper, a set of sensors are used which can detect any kind of physical assault faced by the ATM. The sensors are continuously monitored and is triggered upon any kind of unusual activities faced by the ATM and the door will be automatically locked. The system uses the Node MCU (Micro Controller Unit) board with ESP8266 microcontroller to function and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag which is used to deactivate the sensors for maintenance and unlock the door from outside in case of any problem. With the continuous monitoring, every information is delivered to the respective authorities with the aid of IOT (Internet Of Things).

The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and Point of Sales (POS) machine user interface of different banks, schools, hospitals, restaurants/eateries, shopping malls and petrol/gas stations in Uyo metropolis were bacteriologically assessed in the dry and wet seasons using cultural technique. The result of fomites key pads indicate total heterotrophic bacteria counts (THBC) was in the order: Banks > Hospitals > Schools > Petrol/Gas stations > shopping malls > Restaurants/Eateries in both seasons. There was an increase in the bacterial counts of the fomites from all locations in the wet season compared to the dry season and the difference significant (p = 0.05). The THBC from ATMs in banks, hospitals and schools ranged from 5.6 ± 0.1 to 7.8 ± 0.6 Log₁₀CFU/cm2 and from POS 3.4 ± 0.3 to 5.0 ± 0.2 Log₁₀CFU/cm2) for Petrol/Gas stations, shopping malls and Restaurants/Eateries in the wet season. The dry season revealed THBC range of 4.1± 0.6 to 6.4 ± 0.3 Log₁₀CFU/cm2 for ATMs and 2.6 ± 0.8 to 3.8 ± 0.1 Log₁₀CFU/cm2 for POS. Organisms associated with the fomites were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Micrococcus, Vibrio and Klebsiella. The highest and least frequency of occurrence in the dry season indicated Micrococcus (17.2%) and Vibrio (1.4%) in relation to Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) and Proteus sp. (2.8%) in the wet season. The Gram-positive organisms exhibited high and low susceptibility to Gentamycin and Augmentin compared to Ofloxacin and Amoxicillin respectively in Gram-negative bacteria. The results indicate ATM and POS machine user interface as possible sources of pathogenic organisms. Therefore, regular cleaning of ATM and POS user interface and public awareness on the need for adequate personal hygienic practice after the use of these machines is recommended to reduce associated risks.

Self-service technology use and adoption can be seen as an evolutionary process. From a conceptual perspective, evolution delivers the growing advantages of self-service. From a practical perspective, evolution is based on user perceptions and attitude toward adopting the technology. Based on the latter perspective of technology adoption, this paper presents an analysis of three empirical studies exploring self-service solutions for Chinese customers. These studies involve several user-centred research methodologies. The studies were carried out as a result of research collaboration between Sino-European Usability Centre (SEUC), Dalian Maritime University, China and Advanced Technology and Research (AT&R), NCR, U.K. The first study investigates the introduction of a basic automated teller machine (ATM) accommodating Chinese user requirement. Findings indicate that the relationship between individuals' pre-adoption and post-adoption perceptions of ATMs was a critical determinant of its continued use. The second study focussed on the functionality of ATMs in terms of using cash deposit solution. The study reports that the successful use of cash deposit was evaluated on the basis of users' understanding of deposit solution. The third study addressed biometric technology use for enhanced security on ATMs. Consistent with previous findings, user perceptions emerged as an important determinant of biometric technology adoption in the Chinese financial market. Based on user perceptions, these studies provide an understanding into the self-service future in China. Several user-centred design guidelines to adapt self-service technology to Chinese user requirements have emerged. Also, these studies offer valuable outcomes in terms of useful insights into the current Chinese banking culture. These insights provide Chinese financial institutions a basis to strategically introduce self-service technology on a broad scale.

ICT Adoption and Sustainable Financial Performance: Evidence from Zenith Bank Plc

E-banking is a service provided by the banks in which a customer is allowed to conduct transactions using the internet, it is an electronic payment system that allows users of any financial institutions to perform financial transactions using internet.This article covers the important E-banking service in scheduled banks and other financial institutions in North Karnataka in India Viz. Core banking Institutions, Automated Teller Machine (ATM), MICR, RTGS, EFT, NEFT, ACH, ECS, Debit card & Credit card, IFN, Bank NET, SWIFT, EDI M-Banking. In this Article Researcher has explained the role of SBI, Canara Bank, Syndicate Bank & their Ebanking products with proper analysis of data researcher tried to find the most serviceable bank and the highest usable E-banking Services. In financial Institutions AXIS Bank, HDFC, ICICI banks were selected and with the help of primary data collected researcher tried to find out the most serviceable bank and highest usableE-banking services. With help of RBI report researchers tried to find the transactions volumes during 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20 and transaction value during the said period ultimately it is found that; The Ebanking Services are rapidly growing in India, E-Banking Services have given an impetus to the economic growth of India, ATM & RTGS are maximum using E-bankingServices and Among the Nationalised Bank, Canara Bank is highest E-banking service provider in selected area.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of automated teller machines and mobile banking on financial inclusion among commercial banks in Somalia.
 Methodology: A descriptive survey design was adopted targeting 6 commercial banks in Somalia that had successfully rolled out electronic banking while the respondents covered the Banks staff, like managers and officers from each institution respectively and census was used. Primary data was collected on automated teller machines, mobile banking and customer deposits with the aid of the questionnaire. The analysis was conducted through the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 utilizing descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis) and presented through tables.
 Findings: The study found out that automated teller machines banking and mobile banking are significant predictors of financial inclusion among commercial banks in Somalia. Thus, electronic banking is a significant enabler of financial inclusion of commercial banks.
 Unique contributions to theory, practice and Policy: The study contributes to the extension of the views of financial intermediation theory and the diffusion of innovation theory. The study implies that the adoption of electronic banking as influenced by the diffusion of innovation theory allow financial institutions to effectively realize their financial intermediation role in the economy. The senior management team of commercial banks in Somalia should allocate more resources towards financial innovation and enhancement of the existing electronic banking channels and infrastructures. The policy makers at the Central Bank of Somalia need to develop progressive regulations and rules that would promote the adoption of financial innovation while boosting financial inclusion

Information technology developments have revolutionised the banking sector. This revolution in turn has resulted in new delivery channels for banking products. With the introduction of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in 1981, both conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia started a journey towards an ongoing technology revolution. The successful implementation of ATMs paved the way for the introduction of Tele-banking and PC-banking in the 1990s. Following this, Internet banking was launched in June 2000. It is anticipated that the introduction of Internet banking will provide a faster and cheaper delivery method. Nonetheless, it is feared that the customers' concerns concerning security and privacy may hinder the growth of Internet banking in Malaysia. This article will explore the development of Internet banking in Malaysia and its regulatory framework, together with the security and privacy issues of Internet banking in the light of the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 (BAFIA), the Islamic Banking Act 1983 (IBA), the Central Bank's Minimum Guideline on the Provisions of Internet Banking Services by Licensed Institutions 2000 (Guideline), the Computer Crimes Act 1997 (implemented in 2000), and the Personal Data Protection Bill 1998 (which remains as a bill). The article will also show how Malaysia has enacted laws to meet the demands of various quarters, including Muslims, in this information era, and that they are compatible with (the objectives of Islam) maqasid al-Shariah.