Augmented Journeys: Interactive Points of Interest for In-Car Augmented Reality

The present study investigated the impact teaching academic vocabulary through an augmented reality (AR) approach had on acquisition and retention as compared to using a more traditional flash card based approach. 29 high school students ranging from 9th to 11th grade followed the pattern of a 10 word vocabulary pre-test, being taught those words through respective alternating AR and traditional vocabulary methods, and post-tested one week from the date of teaching. At the end of the testing and teaching process, the unit scores were compared to find if any differences occurred. Analysis revealed that there is a significant difference between the two teaching methods. Participants scored better in the AR unit as compared to the traditional unit. Furthermore, participants also reported greater satisfaction with the AR method because it held their attention, gave them something to focus on, and was overall more engaging. Comparatively, participants found the traditional method not engaging, however, they were comfortable with the traditional method because it is what they are comfortable with in the classroom. Given the curiosity of using AR in the classroom, more research could be conducted to find patterns in participant performance across all academic content areas as well as other uses for AR in the classroom. 

논문투고일：2011년 10월 21일 논문수정완료일：2011년 12월 01일 논문게재확정일：2011년 12월 06일*이 논문은 2011학년도 경성대학교 학술연구비지원에 의하여 연구되었음.** 경성대학교 컴퓨터학부 조교수Mobile Augmented Reality (mobile AR), as one of the most prospe ctive mobile applications, intends to provide richer experiences by annotating tags or virtual objects over the scen e observed through camera embedded in a handheld device like smartphone or pad. In this paper, we analyzed the c urrent status of the art of mobile AR and proposed a novel Points of Interest (POIs) data model based on ontology to provide context-aware information retrievals on lots of POIs data. Proposed ontology was expanded from the stan dard POIs data model of W3C POIs Working Group and established using OWL (Web Ontology Language) and Protege. We also proposed a context-aware mobile AR platform which can resolve three distinguished issues in curren t platforms：interoperability problem of POI tags, POIs data retrieval issue, and context-aware service issue. Keyword：Mobile Augmented Reality, Points of Interest(POI), Context Awar eness, Ontology

Recupera algunos de los elementos menos estudiados y reconocidos en el ensayo latinoamericano: su profunda vocación de reflexión, diálogo y mediación intelectual; su plasticidad y apertura a la búsqueda del sentido; su vínculo con la sociabilidad, la conversación y la generación de un espacio simbólico de encuentro; su capa cidad de establecer una nueva retroalimentación entre lectura y escritura.

Extended-Reality Technologies: An Overview of Emerging Applications in Medical Education and Clinical Care.

Computational thinking (CT) skills are increasingly important in education to prepare students for the challenges of the digital age. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have been introduced as immersive technologies that have the potential to enhance CT skills through more interactive learning experiences. However, there is still a gap in understanding the effectiveness of these technologies in supporting the development of CT, particularly in different levels of education and disciplines. Although several studies have highlighted the benefits of AR and VR in education, no systematic review integrates these findings to identify advantages, challenges, and opportunities for further implementation. Therefore, this study conducted a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines by analyzing 25 empirical studies (AR=17, VR=8) obtained from the Scopus database (2008-2024). The analysis addresses four key research questions: (1) the current state of AR/VR in CT development, (2) their advantages, (3) implementation challenges, and (4) future research directions. The results show that AR is more widespread than VR at various levels of education, with dominance in higher education followed by secondary and primary schools. Computer science is the main field of application of AR and VR, while AR is also widely applied in mathematics to increase interest and problem-solving. A total of 11 studies reported significant impacts of these technologies on CT, with AR being superior in increasing student motivation and engagement, as well as aiding in problem-solving and debugging. In contrast, VR provides a more immersive learning experience by strengthening concept understanding, especially in programming and recursion. However, several obstacles in the application of AR and VR, such as hardware limitations, costs, and user skills, affect the effectiveness of these technologies in the learning environment. This study also identified potential future research, including the exploration of VR in primary and kindergarten education, the application of VR in non-computer science fields, and the efficient use of these technologies in supporting the CT process. This study provides more precise insights into the optimal ways of utilizing AR and VR in developing CT skills. It is a reference for educators, policymakers, and researchers in supporting CT learning.

The current navigation system requires the user to continuously map with the navigation application with the real-world environment. It sometimes leads to an incorrect path due to minor difference in the distance between different paths. The identification of nearby places of unknown locality is difficult as one has to ask for information and reviews which can be misleading. Recognition of unknown people for their authenticity cannot be guaranteed as one has to rely on official documents which can be fake. This paper aims to describe the design of an application that will provide the same reality-based environment as that seen through the naked eye, but it adds visual simulation or content to provide an enhanced view to the user during navigation. We will be using Augmented reality to provide users with more information, computer-assisted decision making, and interactive learning and training. The application will combine Google’s existing Maps data with a live feed from your phone’s camera to overlay walking directions on top of the real world and help you figure out which way you need to go. Identification of near-by places and authenticity of the unknown people can be done from the data stored on the cloud and will be augmented when scanned through the camera of the phone which is the only requirement of the application. It also enables the users to navigate indoors with the help of a radar map and arrow pointing towards the points of interest. This application enables the user to navigate using the mobile phone and get the directions augmented in the real world to take accurate decisions. The user can also navigate to different points of interest- indoor as well as outdoor. It also enables the recognition of places, as well as people and the details related to the same, get augmented.

Southwest Sumba is a regency located on the island of Sumba and falls under the jurisdiction area of the province of East Nusa Tenggara. This regency is well-known for its wide variety of and interesting tourism objects, such as its nature, culture, and marine tourism. Nevertheless, one of the things that proved to be obstacles in promoting tourism objects to potential visitors is the lack of information about their very own existence. Therefore, any form of location-based information services is particularly needed to be developed so that this so-called information can be accessed in real time, direct routes to tourism objects, and one that can quickly provide information regarding tourism objects. In this research, location-based information services are developed in a form of a mobile app that combines Location Based Service (LBS) with Augmented Reality (AR). This application use markerless method planted in AR to track object of Point of Interest (POIs) for tourism objects. Furthermore, each POIs of tourism objects is tracked based on three different coordinate points for each location and can make it easier for tourists to obtain information regarding tourism objects.

A Semantic-enhanced Augmented Reality Tool for OpenStreetMap POI Discovery

Takeover and non-driving related task performance in conditional automated driving: EEG and behavior Parameters interaction

E-commerce platforms face the challenge of enabling customers to assess the utility of products in their intended environments, particularly in the home furniture sector. Augmented Reality (AR) presents a promising solution, with major companies like IKEA, Wayfair, and Overstock introducing AR applications. Nevertheless, a significant knowledge gap exists, prompting this research to delve into this void and scrutinize the economic value of AR in shaping consumers' Willingness to Pay (WTP) in the context of online auctions. This dissertation comprises three interconnected papers that collectively scrutinize the multifaceted impacts of AR on consumers' WTP in the specific realm of online auctions. The first paper investigates the influence of Augmented Reality (AR) in mobile e-commerce on consumers' perceived risks and WTP in online auctions. Grounded in perceived risk theory, the study addresses Perceived Psychological Risk, Perceived Social Risk, and Perceived Performance Risk. An online experiment involving 61 participants compared AR mobile e-commerce with a 3D mobile e-commerce interface, and data analysis utilized SPSS and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that AR Mobile E-commerce significantly reduces perceived social risk, positively affecting WPT. However, AR in Mobile E-commerce does not substantially mitigate perceived psychological risk, and this risk dimension does not significantly affect WPT. Similarly, AR in Mobile E-commerce positively influences the reduction of perceived performance risk, but this risk dimension does not significantly influence WPT. Mediation analysis suggests that perceived social risk plays a crucial role as a mediator between AR in Mobile E-commerce and consumers' WPT. The second paper explores the impact of AR on consumers' WTP in an online auction context within mobile e-commerce, drawing on the experiential hierarchy model (EHM). The study posits that AR positively influences consumers' WTP compared to 3D product displays, triggering affective (enjoyment) and cognitive (perceived ownership and perceived product quality) responses, which subsequently influence behavioral responses (willingness to pay more). Analysis of 61 valid responses through PLS-SEM and SPSS 29 reveals that AR significantly enhances consumers' perceived enjoyment and perceived product quality, positively impacting their willingness to pay. However, perceived ownership does not directly affect willingness to pay. Demographic factors such as age, gender, purchase frequency, and income do not have a direct influence. Mediation analysis suggests that perceived enjoyment, perceived product quality, and perceived ownership do not significantly mediate the relationship between AR and WTP. The third paper addresses the lack of standardized AR application guidelines for e-commerce. Using sentiment analysis of 1,049 user reviews of the IKEA Place App, this study reveals predominant dissatisfaction with the app, leading to the development of a comprehensive set of AR mobile e-commerce design guidelines. The research also compares AR mobile e-commerce with traditional 3D versions, finding a statistically significant difference in usability, with the AR version considered more usable. However, there was no significant correlation between usability scores and participants' willingness to pay on both platforms. This study sheds light on AR's potential and challenges in e-commerce, offering insights into enhancing user experience and economic outcomes. In conclusion, this dissertation contributes to the understanding of how AR impacts consumers' WTP in the context of online auctions within e-commerce, addressing perceived risks, experiential responses, and design guidelines. These findings offer valuable insights for e-commerce businesses seeking to harness AR's potential to enhance the shopping experience and drive revenue growth.

Augmented reality (AR), an important approach for humans to access more information, has been widely used in various fields, such as medical, military, entertainment, and educational fields. In the medical field, AR can superimpose virtual preoperative patient information on the real intraoperative scene to guide the surgery. Currently, many AR methods are used in the medical field, but most of them require complicated tracking markers or demanding apparatus. This work proposes an AR calibration method with a binocular stereo camera. The accurate feature matching pairs are used to reconstruct the point cloud. Thereafter, the 3D virtual mesh model is superimposed on the real scene by image-patient registration. A head phantom, a liver phantom, and three volunteers participated in our experiments. The accuracy of our method is significantly higher than the other two AR methods.

In recent years, the development of Augmented Reality (AR) frameworks made AR application development widely accessible to developers without AR expert background. With this development, new application fields for AR are on the rise. This comes with an increased need for visualization techniques that are suitable for a wide range of application areas. It becomes more important for a wider audience to gain a better understanding of existing AR visualization techniques. In this article we provide a taxonomy of existing works on visualization techniques in AR. The taxonomy aims to give researchers and developers without an in-depth background in Augmented Reality the information to successively apply visualization techniques in Augmented Reality environments. We also describe required components and methods and analyze common patterns.

Recent developments in internet technologies make it possible to manage and visualize large data on the web. Novel visualization techniques and interactive user interfaces allow users to create realistic environments, and interact with data to gain insight from simulations and environmental observations. The hydrological simulation system is a web-based 3D interactive learning environment for teaching hydrological processes and concepts. The simulation systems provides a visually striking platform with realistic terrain information, and water simulation. Students can create or load predefined scenarios, control environmental parameters, and evaluate environmental mitigation alternatives. The web-based simulation system provides an environment for students to learn about the hydrological processes (e.g. flooding and flood damage), and effects of development and human activity in the floodplain. The system utilizes latest web technologies and graphics processing unit (GPU) for water simulation and object collisions on the terrain. Users can access the system in three visualization modes including virtual reality, augmented reality, and immersive reality using heads-up display. The system provides various scenarios customized to fit the age and education level of various users. This presentation provides an overview of the web-based flood simulation system, and demonstrates the capabilities of the system for various flooding and land use scenarios.

How can a preschool teacher combine tablet with real teaching aids to improve the learning efficiency of children? How can a teacher apply science and technology to record the learning route of children? This research is aimed to develop the teaching aids of points of interests (POI) and MAKAR database in order to record children’s learning preference and effectiveness in the learning center of drama. Thirty-seven 4–6 years old were randomly selected. This research used tablet PC to develop nine emotional theaters. Each theater was designed by four POIs for creative thinking including Inquiring, Thinking, Trial and Sharing (ITTS). System would record autonomously the learning process when children manipulated the tablets. When children made decisions, system would autonomously record the decision they made, including the using time and frequency, then updated to database. Findings indicated that children are more interested in MAKAR teaching. MAKAR teaching has extremely significant effect on emotional ability (p = .000). The overall reliability analysis showed a 74.7% consistency. The learning records will be used as foundation for future revision and improvement. The result of this research supported that the learning effectiveness by using Unity and Vuforia Augmented Reality (AR) is much better than traditional teaching. MAKAR facilitates children’s ability not only emotional learning but also creative problem-solving.

Indonesia has a diversity of cultural arts, including art crafts. This craft art covers several fields including the arts of wood crafts, metal crafts, ceramic crafts, leather crafts, and textile crafts. In textile crafts, there are several types, such as weaving, knitting, embroidery, and batik. One area that has a characteristic of batik is Cirebon. Cirebon has a traditional batik center, namely Trusmi Batik. TrusmiBatik is a company that produces various kinds of batik, including mega mendungbatik motifs, paksinagaliman, patrankeris, patran kale, umbrella lion, barong lion, sunyaragian arum garden, banjarbalong, ayam alas, supiturang, nagaseba, sawat bride and groom cymbals, etc. The Trusmi batik company has problems on how to minimize artificial batik and how to distinguish original batik from artificial batik. One of technologiesthat can be used is Augmented Reality by using a QR Code (Quick Response) as a sign especially those which can find out whether the batik is original or imitation. The Feature From Accelerated Segment Test is a high-speed interest point detection algorithm based on pixel considerations in circular areas around interest points. Using the FAST algorithm can be used to detect markers so that they can distinguish original batik from artificial batik. Keywords: Trusmi Batik, QR Code, Augmented Reality, FAST.