Availability of software services for a hospital information system

In the research, it present a wireless communication method for water factory environment monitor system. It sends and receives wireless data by GPRS, and processes the data in sockets software, which setup both in server and client computers. In the research, it designs the remote terminal, the wireless TCP/IP protocol, SMS (short message serve), and C/S (Client/Source) model. Also a VC++ program for wireless communication by socket in server computer and client computer was written in the research, which realizes the wireless communication by the VC++ socket program.

As the rapid advancement and wide application of computer hardware, software and network, hospital information systems (HISs) have entered almost all hospitals in China and are becoming more important and covering more parts in daily hospital operations. Most functions in a HIS provide the users an easier and faster way in doing their medical tasks with graphic user interface. But the HIS is a management information system focusing on daily operations within hospital to improve efficiency of work by using online clinical data acquisition and processing. So, to some extent, a HIS improve quality of health care services, but it cannot measure and evaluate the quality of health care services. At present, hospitals in China are in a competitive environment. In order to attract more patients, high customers' satisfaction is most important for a hospital in the competition. Hospital services management system (HSMS), which is an information system of health care services management in hospital can improve quality of service and lead to cost reduction, high customers' satisfaction and great attractability to other hospitals' customers. In this paper, we study the HSMS. The main work as follows: review services management and HIS, analyze the contents of health care services management and the functions of a HSMS, design the framework of a HSMS, study the implementation technology of a HSMS, discuss the how to integrate a HSMS into a HIS.

A secure model for communication of health care information by sub-division of information and multiplication of communication paths

An online teaching/learning system is often constructed on the Web-based clientserver architecture. Personal computers at students’ homes perform client-side operations. These computer systems share some computation load and should be properly configured so that they can remotely access the servers through the Internet. For the online teaching/learning system, the configuration and management of the client computers present many challenges due the variety of computer types and application software. In this chapter, we will examine various challenges on the client side and look for solutions that can be implemented with open source products. This chapter begins with the discussion of the Linux open source desktop operating systems. Linux originally created for personal computers is suitable for personal computers and workstations. We will discuss several major Linux desktop operating systems and look at the components included in them.

Performance of TCP in IP/ATM internetworks

The application of ICT also allows the adoption of telemedicine, which involves remote doctor consultations via telephone or video conference telecommunications technology. Telemedicine allows easier access to medical services, especially for those who live in remote areas or have limited mobility. This helps speed up the health service process and increase efficiency in handling health cases. In addition to benefits for patients, the application of ICT also provides benefits for health care providers. Hospital management information systems help manage day-to-day hospital operations, while online platforms provide health education resources for patients. Collaboration between health professionals is also improved through the communication facilities provided by ICT. With the application of ICT, the benefits are felt not only by patients but also by health service providers. Hospital management information systems help in managing day-to-day operations, while online platforms provide health education resources for patients. Collaboration between health workers also becomes better through the communication facilities provided by ICT. In the Indonesian context, the application of ICT in the health sector is becoming increasingly important to improve access, efficiency and quality of health services. By optimally utilizing the potential of this technology, it is hoped that a more responsive, affordable and high-quality health system can be created for the wider community. Overall, the application of ICT in the health sector brings positive changes in improving access, efficiency and quality of health services. By continuing to develop this technology, it is hoped that the health system can become more responsive, affordable and of better quality for the wider community. With collaboration between the government, educational institutions, professional organizations and industry players, the application of ICT in the health sector can continue to be improved to achieve better health development goals. Thus, it can be concluded that ICT has a very important role in the transformation of the health sector towards more modern, efficient and quality services. By continuing to develop and utilize this technology, it is hoped that a health system that is more inclusive and responsive to community needs can be created.

IBM's networking broadband services (NBBS) is a unique network control point architecture capable of managing both asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks as well as more generic fast packet networks with variable size packets. The NBBS traffic management functions provide value-added enhanced variable bit rate (VBR) services based on statistical traffic descriptors in addition to providing ATM Forum compliant VBR services based on deterministic rule-based traffic descriptors. In this paper, we first summarize NBBS traffic management functions that are relevant to our study. These include traffic estimation, monitoring, policing and dynamic bandwidth adaptation procedures. The NBBS traffic estimation and adaptation module has a novel feature that continuously monitors the source traffic and dynamically adjusts the bandwidth reserved in the network links for the network connection when it detects a significant change in the connection traffic characteristics. The main contribution of this paper is to integrate all these functions in a trace driven simulation experiment to study their aggregate effect in a general network setting using actual traffic traces. Based on observed SNA, TCP, and compressed video traces we observed that NBSS dynamic bandwidth adaptation function provides a three-fold savings in bandwidth use compared to static peak bandwidth allocation in our case study. Our study also provides useful insights into network dimensioning problem in order to achieve a desired level of network availability for different services. Finally, we provide a simple formula for estimating the amount of bandwidth savings achieved through dynamic bandwidth adaptation versus static peak bandwidth allocation in a general network setting by making a comparison on the individual traces in isolation.

This paper proposes an architecture for deploying applications on a fog computing environment by adding another layer of fog nodes in a network segment that gains high software application availability. The conventional fog computing architecture would permanently shift the storage, applications, and data from cloud servers to fog nodes, thus reducing the dependency on the cloud. As a result, fog nodes are burdened with the task previously done by cloud servers and have become “mini cloud servers.” Instead of permanently shifting the tasks from cloud servers to fog nodes, the proposed architecture would only do the shifting, when necessary, like if an internet outage. Additionally, this research also introduced the middleware application that acts as a detector and replacement if service outage so that the availability of the services is not interrupted, especially during the internet outage, by adding another layer of fog node in a network segment. The computational process occurs between end-users and the fog nodes without having to rely on cloud servers. An experiment was conducted to test the performance of the proposed architecture. From the experiment, it can be concluded that the deployment of fog nodes in a segmented network is possible and able to increase the availability of data and services if an internet outage.

Service-Oriented Computing (SOC), a main trend in software engineering, promotes the construction of applications based on the notion of services. SOC has recently attracted a great deal of attention from researchers, and has been comprehensively adopted by industry. However, service composition enabling the aggregation of existing services into composite services still imposes a great challenge to service-oriented technology. Web service composition requires component Web services to be available in request, to behave correctly in operation, and to be replaceable flexibly in failure. Although availability of Web services plays a crucial role in building robust SOC-based applications, it has been largely neglected, especially for service composition. In this chapter, we propose a service composition framework that integrates a set of composition-based service discovery mechanisms, a user-oriented service delivery approach, as well as a service management mechanism for composite services.

This chapter presents the detail description of a Port-Knocking (PK) technique, which should avert all types of port attacks and meets all other network security requirements. The new technique utilizes four well-known concepts, these are: PK, cryptography, steganography, and mutual authentication; therefore, it is referred to as the Hybrid Port-Knocking (HPK) technique. It is implemented as two separate modules. One is installed and run on the server computer, either behind the network firewall or on the firewall itself, and the other one is installed and run on the client computer. The first module is referred to as the HPK server, while the second is the HPK client. In terms of data processing, the technique consists of five main processes; these are: request packetization and transmission, traffic monitoring and capturing, mutual authentication, request extraction and execution, and port closing. The HPK technique demonstrates immunity against two vital attacks, namely, the TCP replay and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks.

In Japan, hospital or welfare office home helpers provide home welfare and care services, such as cooking, bathing, washing, cleaning and shopping, for the elderly. We have developed a Web-based home welfare and care services request system using wireless Internet mobile phones and Internet client computers; it employs a pen type image sensor for the elderly people to enter their handwritten care requests. The client computer sends the requests to the server computer in the home helper central office, and then the server computer automatically transfers them to the home helper's mobile phone. This newly-developed home welfare and care services request system is easily operated by elderly persons.

A computer-based reminder system can help physicians get right information and make right decisions in daily clinical work in time. This study presents a RSS-based Clinical Reminding System (RCRS) designed for reminding clinicians to deal with their varied unfinished clinical works. The RCRS was implemented in a hospital to automatically generate messages for every clinician on the basis of clinical information gathered from the hospital information system (HIS) and send them by RSS feed. In order to allow all physicians to participate in the project, the RCRS was integrated with the Computerized Physician Order Entry (COPE) system to provide messages whenever a clinician logs in the HIS; the connection on screen lets the clinician easily make some response. The system can help clinicians focus on patient care without keeping track of the schedule of clinical chores stored in various systems. Two physicians, also directors from Clinical Informatics Research & Development Center (CIRD) who were appointed as project leaders of the RCRS project who went through the entire development process were chosen as interviewees to obtain a preliminary evaluation of the system. The results show the "Information Content" of this system was suggested to be modified, and "Information Accuracy", "Formats", "Ease of use" and "Timeliness" of the system were appropriate to meet the system design purposes.

BackgroundThe quality control of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) during the initiation and maintenance treatment is generally poor. Physicians' ordering of OAT (especially fluindione and warfarin) can be improved by dose adjustment algorithms, taking into account the results of International Normalized Ratio (INR). Reminders at the point of care, computerized or not, have been demonstrated to be effective in changing physicians prescription behavior.However, few studies have addressed the benefit of personalized reminders versus non personalized reminders, whereas the personalized reminders require more development to access patient record data and integrate with the computerized physician order entry system.The Hospital Information System of George Pompidou European Hospital integrates an electronic medical record, lab test and drugs order entry system. This system allows to evaluate such reminders and to consider their implementation for routine use as well as the continuous evaluation of their impact on medical practice quality indicators.The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of two types of reminders on overtreatment by oral anticoagulant: a simple reminder of text formatted dose adjustment table and a personalized recommendation for oral anticoagulant dose and next date of INR control, adapted to patient data. Both types of reminders appear to the physician at the moment of drug ordering.MethodsThe study is an alternating time series experiment with three 6 months periods, each one including every 2 months according to a Latin square scheme: a control period without any reminder, a period with the simple non personalized reminder, a period with personalized reminder. All patients hospitalized in departments using the computerized physician order entry system and ordered fluindione or warfarin, will be included in the study between November 2004 and May 2006.Main outcome will be the proportion of overcoagulation, as expressed by the proportion of observation time with INR over 4.5, assuming INR change linearly. Secondary outcome is the incidence of major haemorrhagic events. Data will be collected thanks to Hospital Information Systems databases.Data will be analyzed taking into account patient and physician clustering effect.

A plethora of works has been published over the past decade, contributing in invaluable ways to the area of cloud performance and dependability modeling. As Cloud Computing became a new emerging technology aimed at large-scale resource sharing and service-oriented computing, their attention was spread over capacity planning, joint optimization of cost and capacity, analysis of failure characteristics of servers, failure and recovery behaviors, cloud service reliability, service availability and provisioning response delays, availability of a large-scale clouds with multiple classes of server pools, migration of physical machines among pools, cloud service performance, QoS measurements, simultaneous analysis of performance, availability, and power consumption, as well as end-to-end performability analysis of a cloud service. In this paper, we present a decade time-lapse of such research efforts, with a focus on the use of a class of Stochastic Petri Nets with reward structures as an integrated part of modeling, known as Stochastic Reward Nets. In addition, we propose a modeling framework for performability evaluation of a cloud service, which reveals considerable potential for further research in this area.

A key challenge of collaborative surgical simulation is to maintain a high level of state consistency among the distributed users under the limitation of network transmission capacity. In this paper, a framework integrating a scalable deformable model and an extensible communication protocol is proposed to meet this challenge. The parameters of the deformable model are obtained by making reference to the biomechanical properties of human soft tissues. Efficient collaboration is achieved by developing the communication protocol and implementing a series of network management approaches, including service management, computation policies, coupling control, token control and availability mechanism. A prototype has been developed by using the client-server network architecture. Experimental results demonstrate that this framework can support collaborative surgical simulation with acceptable network latencies.