Bicycle crash contributory factors: A systematic review

Estimation of bicycle crash modification factors (CMFs) on urban facilities using zero inflated negative binomial models

Systematic Reviews of the Literature: So What? Why Bother? Who Cares

A survey collected 130 crash reports from riders of recumbent bicycles and tricycles, using questions and response categories consistent with data available for bicycle-associated injuries from the Consumer Product Safety Commission. From the results, it appears that recumbents and traditional bicycles are generally subject to the same crash contributory factors – primarily road conditions, rider behavior, and conflict with motor vehicles. Crashes with recumbent tricycles were more likely to involve riding on streets and conflicts with motor vehicles than for recumbent 2-wheelers. Comparison with data from an exposure survey suggest that 3-wheel recumbents may have considerably lower crash risk than 2-wheel recumbents.

Maximizing the effectiveness of qualitative systematic reviews: A case study on terrestrial arthropod conservation translocations

Re-examining systematic literature review in management research: Additional benefits and execution protocols

Road users’ engagement in prosocial and altruistic behaviors: A systematic review

Distributed Software Development (DSD) emerged from the need to achieve geographically distant customers and currently, allows organizations have global customers and other benefits. This scenario has given rise to new Software Engineering challenges resulting from DSD particularities. Several Systematic Reviews were conducted to address these new challenges. The objective of this paper is to categorize systematic reviews conducted in DSD context. We used the systematic review method to identify SLRs (Systematic Literature Reviews) that address DSD aspects. This study is categorized as a tertiary review. Of fourteen SLRs, seven address aspects of managing distributed development. Four SLRs addressed topics of engineering process. The three remaining are related to Requirements, Design and Software Engineering Education in DSD. The topic areas covered by SLRs are limited, where the majority are focused on summarize the current knowledge concerning a research question. Despite the number of SLRs, the amount of empirical studies is relatively small.

This article provides a step-by-step approach to conducting and reporting systematic literature reviews (SLRs) in the domain of healthcare design and discusses some of the key quality issues associated with SLRs. SLR, as the name implies, is a systematic way of collecting, critically evaluating, integrating, and presenting findings from across multiple research studies on a research question or topic of interest. SLR provides a way to assess the quality level and magnitude of existing evidence on a question or topic of interest. It offers a broader and more accurate level of understanding than a traditional literature review. A systematic review adheres to standardized methodologies/guidelines in systematic searching, filtering, reviewing, critiquing, interpreting, synthesizing, and reporting of findings from multiple publications on a topic/domain of interest. The Cochrane Collaboration is the most well-known and widely respected global organization producing SLRs within the healthcare field and a standard to follow for any researcher seeking to write a transparent and methodologically sound SLR. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), like the Cochrane Collaboration, was created by an international network of health-based collaborators and provides the framework for SLR to ensure methodological rigor and quality. The PRISMA statement is an evidence-based guide consisting of a checklist and flowchart intended to be used as tools for authors seeking to write SLR and meta-analyses.

Background:Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects more than 80,000 people worldwide, having a considerable impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers, who assist patients with time-consuming treatment regimens. Despite this, a review of the available evidence has not been previously undertaken. This systematic literature review aimed to identify the humanistic and economic burdens of CF on caregivers.Methods:A systematic literature review was conducted, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Publications reporting outcomes for the caregivers of people with CF, including utility data, health status, and occupational impact, were reviewed. Sources searched were Embase (OvidSP), Medline (PubMed), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Epistemonikos database, from 2010 to March 2020. A subsequent search with updated terms identified articles up to April 2020. Electronic searches were supplemented by hand searches to capture all relevant literature.Results:A total of 889 articles reporting humanistic burden and 310 reporting economic burden were identified. Following full-text screening by two independent reviewers, 72 articles were included in the review, of which 65 and 17 reported data on humanistic and economic burdens, respectively, with 10 reporting on both. The reviewed literature covered several outcomes and identified multiple key findings: greater disease severity is associated with the reporting of greater caregiver burden and lower utility scores of quality of life; reduced patient lung function is associated with increased caregiver depression and anxiety; and caregiving causes significant occupational impact, with pulmonary exacerbations decreasing caregiver productivity by up to a third compared with the patient being in a ‘well’ state.Conclusion:Findings from this systematic literature review highlight the substantial humanistic and economic burdens borne by the caregivers of people with CF. Future research would help to further inform on the link between disease severity and caregiver burden.

This year's article on health information technology (HIT) illustrates the use of digital technology to prevent and treat diabetes by enabling consumer engagement, behavior change, and impact analytics. It provides a snapshot of current thinking about digital technology's capabilities and capacity to deliver personalized interventions at scale. Early results are promising. A growing number of digital programs are clinically proven to improve health and lower the cost of care. And pioneering health-care organizations are offering these programs to members and patients as part of their new models for value-based care. Their success will drive other organizations—payers, providers, and employers—to make similar investments in health. In the modern health-care world, experts agree that “value” will be created by enabling health, not just delivering care. With today's epidemic of diabetes, patients who use digital health technologies can benefit greatly from both short-term health improvements and long-term health self-management. The foundations have been laid with evidence-based programs. Now, more health-care organizations must embrace this population management strategy for health. As adoption increases, the next technology challenge will arise: consumer engagement at scale. This engagement will be digital: content-rich programs filled with social support to activate, educate, and engage consumers. Most of the articles included in this and prior ATTD Yearbook articles address the specifics of digital interventions once the person enrolls. But before enrollment, consumers must engage. And to engage consumers, one must understand their reasons for engaging and their expectations for results. These insights fall into the realm of digital marketing, rather than the domain of clinical programs. Using a multidisciplinary approach, digital engagement will be the next variable to solve in the equation for scalable digital health. Not for a lack of trying, we have been unable to find noteworthy articles presenting best practices for consumer engagement from outreach to enrollment. But the future looks quite bright for the science of marketing digital health interventions. Increasingly, “big data” is providing scientists, innovators, entrepreneurs, educators, health-care providers, and administrators with the insights they need to predict consumer interests and personalize experiences throughout the entire behavior change process—from outreach to outcomes. Over the coming year, we will continue to search the health-care landscape to bring more innovations in digital health and diabetes prevention, from consumer engagement to population impact.

This presentation focused on defining what systematic reviews are, explaining the different types of knowledge syntheses, discussing organizations involved with systematic reviews, defining the steps involved with systematic reviews, providing a deep dive into the search and search strategy portion of a systematic review, providing info on the study selection stage of an SR, and an overview of reporting standards used within this process.Presented virtually at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management

Classification of antecedents towards safety use of health information technology: A systematic review

Cycling is a cheap and flexible mean of transportation which holds many benefits in terms of personal and public health. However, it still holds risks in term of safety. Several studies have explored factors related to cycling use and cycling safety, but many authors argued that psychosocial factors are still somewhat neglected in cycling studies. The present thesis attempts to address these issues to yield insights that policymakers and professionals can use. Our work comprises four studies. In Study 1, we attempted to identify cyclists' clusters based on cycling motivation and patterns at a European level and profiled the membership to each cluster according to socio-demographics and attitudes. We showed that cycling patterns and habits are linked to culture as well as attitudes and evaluation of the cycling environment, explicitly highlighting the importance of the feeling of discomfort in mixed traffic and the evaluation of cycling infrastructures. In Study 2 we focused on inequalities of the population in bicycle use, particularly investigating gender differences. We found gender differences in attitudes towards cycling to be small in terms of effect size or non-significant, with women having more positive attitudes in personal benefits rather than mobility benefits. In Study 3 we investigated gender differences in bicycle crashes, using routinely recorded crash data. Results revealed that, compared to women, men were more likely to be involved in a crash regardless the age. Lastly, in Study 4 we aimed to investigate the role of attitudes, e-bike use, and perception of driving behaviour of motorists in predicting bicycle crash involvement and severity while controlling for various factors. Bicycle crash severity was associated with lower affective attributes, higher instrumental attributes, and the perception of good driving behaviour of motorists. In the last chapter of the thesis, we discussed the theoretical and practical implication of our results.

<p class="0abstract"><span lang="EN-US">With every year’s start being a new beginning and a source of happiness, reigniting hopes and optimism around the world, the happiness and enjoyment of the year 2020 faded away quite earlier. It was not long into the year 2020 that the notorious COVID-19 hit the world. Millions of people died of it and billions of people got affected by it either directly or indirectly. With its impact on everybody, it drastically affected the business world as well; individuals lost their jobs and companies lost their businesses. However, companies learned to respond to the pandemic by converting their businesses to the online business model and the customers also shifted to online shopping. With this compelling shift, the customers still had the phobia of online shopping and tried to abstain from it as much as possible. To respond to this, a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was developed to offer a systematic and holistic literature review of the research regarding customer confidence in online shopping particularly by the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. The database of this review includes a set of 54 systemically selected state-of-the-art articles from Scopus database covering empirical and theory research conducted in different countries with different resource endowments. The results show that the use of AR technology can help customers in overcoming their shopping phobia and thus, it can be a source of enhanced online business for companies. Some possible opportunities for future research are also illustrated in this paper.</span></p>

Context: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease accompanied by physical disabilities and a number of co-morbidities; it leads to remarkable economic burden, reduced productivity, and deteriorated quality of life (QOL). Objectives: The current study aimed to provide a clear view of quality of life among the Iranian patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis through a systematic review. Data Sources: The current study was conducted as a systematic literature review on the articles published from 2000 to 2013 in data bases such as: Google scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, IRANDOC, SID and Medlib and by keywords: quality of life, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Iran and, their Persian equivalents. Study Selection: Finally, 10 articles were selected out of the 2065 assessed ones. Data Extraction: In the first step, the extracted results were summarized in the extraction table, and then analyzed using the Forest plot. Results: Based on the Forest plot, six studies on the quality-of-life, met the inclusion criteria. Total QOL score was 47.5. In the reviewed articles (n = 10), different variables and factors were reported to affect the QOL in patients with RA. The most important factors affecting QOL were demographic factors, depression, and complications of RA, etc. Conclusions: Due to the chronic nature of RA, promoting the QOL and adherence to therapies could be achieved through convincing the patients. Therefore, identification of weak points and planning for them at all levels; from individual to the community level is suggested.