Blockchain-Enabled Protocols for Secure and Scalable Data Transmission

The integration of blockchain technology in biomedical diagnostics offers a promising solution to the challenges of data security and privacy in infectious disease surveillance. As the digitalization of healthcare systems accelerates, the need to protect sensitive health information becomes increasingly critical. Blockchain, with its decentralized and immutable nature, provides a robust framework for ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of biomedical data. This abstract explores how blockchain technology can be leveraged to enhance data security and privacy in the context of infectious disease surveillance, where rapid and accurate data sharing is essential for effective public health responses. Infectious disease surveillance relies on the collection, analysis, and dissemination of large volumes of data, often shared across multiple institutions and geographical regions. Traditional systems for managing this data are vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access, and data tampering, which can compromise public health efforts and patient privacy. Blockchain technology addresses these vulnerabilities by enabling secure, transparent, and tamper-proof data exchanges. Each transaction or data entry is recorded in a distributed ledger, accessible only to authorized participants, thus ensuring that the data remains secure and unaltered. Moreover, blockchain’s inherent transparency allows for real-time monitoring and auditing of data flows, which is crucial in the timely detection and response to infectious disease outbreaks. The use of smart contracts within blockchain networks further enhances the automation and efficiency of data management, ensuring that data is only accessed and shared according to predefined rules and conditions. This not only safeguards patient privacy but also builds trust among stakeholders, including patients, healthcare providers, and public health authorities. In conclusion, the integration of blockchain technology in biomedical diagnostics presents a transformative approach to addressing the critical issues of data security and privacy in infectious disease surveillance. By leveraging blockchain's unique features, healthcare systems can ensure that sensitive diagnostic data is protected, thus supporting more effective and secure public health interventions in the fight against infectious diseases. Keywords: Blockchain, Biomedical Diagnostics, Data Security, Privacy, Infectious Disease Surveillance.

No sooner had the advent of robotic technology illuminated a sizable region in the universe than the urgent necessity to assess the inherent security flaws in typical centralized robotic frameworks and promote system effectiveness emerged. Consequently, this research illustrates how blockchain's decentralized features could promote security measures against data alteration and other malicious attacks after an in depth examination of the inherent weaknesses. Laudable giant strides in system architecture and security protocols are laid bare by the research with blockchain integration manifesting articulate gains in defense against intrusion and cyberthreats. Furthermore, the study investigates the use of modern consensus algorithms established primarily for robotic explorations, flaunting tremendous achievements in fields like agricultural instrumentation, industrial automation and medical applications. Through a thorough examination of recent advancements, this study shows how blockchain technology enables effective decentralized operations in complex robotic systems while offering strong security frameworks. The study beams searchlight on how consensus processes and smart contracts might support safe, independent communication among various robotic units while conserving system integrity and operational effectiveness. Moreover, This thorough examination reveals without any iota of ambiguity that blockchain technology remains an integral part of contemporary robotics networks, rather than a mere theoretical fix. The study shows that, in spite of present hurdles, there are significant advantages associated with integrating blockchain technology into robotic network in terms of security, decentralization, and autonomous coordination. These results have important ramifications for how autonomous systems will develop in the future, indicating that additional research in this area will result in more reliable and safe robotic networks for a range of users and sectors. Thus, the fact that significant success in system reliability, operational effectiveness, and autonomous decision-making capacity is derived from these advancements cannot be over emphasized..

Impact of government fund policy and blockchain technology on closed-loop supply chains in textile and apparel industry

Analysts and professionals keep on drawing fluctuated interests in blockchain (BC) technology. The idea has- some key highlights, for example, decentralization, dependability, security, and information veracity. In any case, even with the developing interest, much more has to be done concerning the current state of knowledge and practice in relation to the use of BC technology in education. Accordingly, this study presents a review of the current investigations on BC-based learning applications in the education sector. This paper has focused on three major themes: learning applications that have been made using BC technology, the contribution and merits of blockchain technology to the education sector, and the problems experienced while integrating BC technology in the education sector. A concentrated conversation is introduced as well as a complete outcome examination of each topic. This paper also highlights the key areas of the education sector which tend to benefit from the application of Blockchain technology.KeywordsBlockchain technologyDevelopmentEducation sector

Integrating blockchain technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) in the food supply chain offers a transformative approach to enhancing transparency, traceability, and operational efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive implementation framework that unifies these advanced technologies into a seamless system, addressing critical challenges in food safety and quality management. The framework comprises five essential processes: IoT device deployment, secure data transmission, blockchain-based data storage, user-friendly frontend development, and system deployment. Firstly, IoT devices, including sensors and RFID tags, are to be strategically deployed across the supply chain to gather real-time data on vital parameters such as temperature, humidity, and location. The data should be transmitted securely using advanced wireless communication protocols to ensure data integrity and prevent tampering. Subsequently, this data is stored on a blockchain platform, leveraging its immutable and transparent nature to create a secure and tamper-proof record of all transactions. A user-centric frontend interface is developed to provide stakeholders with real-time access to blockchain data, facilitating effective tracking of food products from farm to table. The final deployment phase ensures the integration of IoT devices, secure data transmission, blockchain storage, and the frontend interface into a cohesive and operational framework. This integrated framework not only enhances the accuracy and reliability of data collection but also ensures the integrity and traceability of the food supply chain. This paper aims to offer a detailed blueprint for researchers and practitioners interested in implementing blockchain and IoT technologies in the food supply chain, highlighting the potential benefits and associated challenges of this innovative approach.

A Review on Integration of Software Defined Networking with Blockchain Technology

Integrating Internet of Things (IoTs) devices with secure smart home networks assisted by the cloud signifies a cutting-edge and potent tool for contemporary home automation. This allows various appliances and devices in a home remotely controlled by the internet to communicate and share data. The typical smart home system depends on the cloud service or centralized server, which makes them further vulnerable to potential security breaches and single points of failure. As a decentralized nature, Blockchain (BC) distributes the control and storage of data across the network, preventing unauthorized attacks. Integrating BC technology into the protected smart home network boosts the system's dependability, safety, and privacy. In addition, machine learning (ML) and analytics offer behaviour analysis and predictive maintenance for optimized energy consumption. Finally, combining IoT with cloud-assisted security transforms homes into smart, connected ecosystems, offering convenience without integrating confidentiality or dependability. Accordingly, this study presents a BC-based Deep Learning in the Secure Smart Home Network (BPDL-SSHN) methodology in the IoT-cloud platform. In the BPDL-SSHN methodology, BC technology permits secret proficient data from the smart home network. Furthermore, the BPDL-SSHN method follows a series of processes to detect malicious activities such as Binary Fox Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) based feature selection, Attention-based Long Short-Term Memory (ALSTM)-based classification, and Harbor Seal Whiskers Optimization (HSWO)-based hyperparameter tuning. The HSWO method's design helps better the hyperparameter choice of the ALSTM method, significantly enhancing the recognition performance. The comparative outcome of the BPDL-SSHN methodology reported the proficient solution of the smart home network to detect and monitor malicious or harmful activities. The experimental outcome implied that the BPDL-SSHN methodology accomplishes a maximum accuracy performance of 98.91% over other approaches.

Among the most crucial jobs in the digitization era is to track the data in real-time for a wide network of healthcare systems. Blockchain technology introduces us to the new age of sharing information in an authorized way using different consensus algorithms to connect the data blocks in chains, along with the help of Hashkeys making it safer. In blockchain technology, any entrance of malicious data replacing the original data cannot be encouraged because the distributed ledgers have the same data in an encrypted manner, and changing the same data in such a huge network is merely impossible, this enhances the security of the user’s information. Smart healthcare systems on a higher basis use Health Information Exchange(HIE), to decentralize the previous health records of the patient between organizations and frequently update them. Smart healthcare systems make it viable for decentralization of patient data, the number of drugs consumed, and statistics of different diseases as 5G plays a major role here because of its distributed implementation, its connectivity with IoTs and IIoTs that help in the easy update of information with the patient's access given. With the advent of 5G-NR, using the modulation techniques of QAM, variable Bandwidth, and the NOMA, it has enhanced higher data rates and high networking capacities. Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) of 5G technology helps in storing and computing data in a decentralized manner with the help of distributed Mobile Cloud Centres(MCC). Over time, many private blockchain technologies have been suggested, which involve only a few organizations and transact data only between them unlike the public blockchain technology thereby increasing the reliability and security. In this chapter, we emphasize smart health sectors, the necessity of blockchain, the different blockchain designs for healthcare applications, and the different proposed algorithms based on 5G, and the chapter concludes with recent advances in 5G networks, the challenges, and potential solutions.

With the rapid growth of digital data and inter-connected devices, the integration of blockchain and Internet of Things technology offers a promising chance to revolutionize data management approaches. With today's global connectivity, the management and securing of ever-increasing amounts the amount of data produced by Internet of Things (IoT) devices is becoming an increasing concern. This study investigates a new solution to address such a concern by integrating blockchain technology into IoT systems. The aim is to develop a strong framework that takes advantage of the decentralized and secure character of blockchain and the wall-to-wall connectivity offered by the IoT. This integration is intended to address important needs such as data integrity, The integration aims to tackle crucial issues like data integrity, privacy, and unauthorized access. With the connectivity and sensing capabilities of the IoT, along with the blockchain technology of decentralized consensus and immutable ledgers, businesses are able to develop secure systems to retrieve, transfer, and store such data. In the experiments conducted on the Ethereum blockchain platform, it has been found that the blockchain and IoT technology solution not only secures data but also facilitates information management. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed solution is able to protect against tampering, increase the transparency of transactions, and to minimize the chances of unauthorized access. The framework is scalable and highly adaptable, and it is therefore a promising solution for various applications. This framework employs an innovative approach to ensure secure and efficient data management.

This research paper investigates the role of blockchain technology in sustainable business model innovation by proposing a comprehensive framework. The study addresses the following research questions: How can blockchain technology enhance business model components? What are the specific innovations enabled by blockchain technology? To answer these questions, a hybrid approach was employed. Initially, a thorough review of existing literature identified key components of business model innovation. Subsequently, a survey was conducted among technology experts to evaluate the applications of blockchain technology in these components. The analysis revealed five categories of innovation: macro-activities of the value network, micro-activities within the organization, governance, financial aspects, as well as sustainable innovation. Next, a novel conceptual model was developed to assess the impact of digital technologies on business model performance, and then it was evaluated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Key findings indicate that blockchain technology significantly enhances data transparency, security, and efficiency capabilities, leading to improved innovation and increased sales volume. Practical implications include recommendations for organizations to prioritize investments in platform technologies, insight analysis, and sensor-based data collection to achieve sustainable business model innovation. The study underscores the importance of a holistic approach to integrating blockchain technology across all business model components to maximize its potential.

To improve the application effect of block chain technology in sports industry, the risk assessment is carried out for block chain technology of sports industry. Firstly, the core application value and cross-border integration of block chain technology are discussed. Secondly, the challenge of applying block chain technology to sports industry is summarized. Thirdly, the main technical risks of block chain in sports industry are analyzed. And then the risk assessment model of block chain is constructed. Finally, ten cities are selected to carry out risk evaluation of block chain in sports industry. The analysis results can provide the beneficial guidance for applying block chain in sports industry.

One of the modern trends in the development of information and communication technologies that have evolved into the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is the progressive idea of using blockchain technology in IoT. This trend is described in a large number of modern literature sources, which point out the significant advantages of using blockchain, primarily related to decentralization, immutability, transparency and security. This allows us to conclude that the implementation of blockchain technology in IoT information and communication systems is highly relevant. However, the authors of different studies describe significant problems, including the problem of scalability of the blockchain itself, as well as the problems of energy efficiency and limited resources in IoT devices. Due to these problems, the implementation of blockchain technology in the Internet of Things is becoming a challenge and determines the relevance and feasibility of researching this topic and finding effective solutions related to the integration of two very powerful technologies in modern information and communication systems. The article presents an analytical overview of the issues of integrating blockchain technology into IoT, in particular, the use of the Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus algorithm in IoT and the use of alternative blockchain protocols, including IOTA, Ethereum Light Client and Litecoin, which allow increasing the efficiency of performing tasks in IoT infrastructure, taking into account the limited resources of devices; existing problems and implementation methods, such as the use of light clients and proxy servers. The article also considers the feasibility of using a full blockchain node on IoT devices and ways to increase system efficiency by pre-processing data before sending it to the blockchain network. The article also highlights the problem of insufficient implementation of blockchain technology in various spheres of human life, as well as the search for the reasons for this problem. The results of the analytical review make it possible to substantiate the purpose and advantages of integrating blockchain technology into the Internet of Things, as well as to summarize the main issues and substantiate a number of tasks for relevant and progressive scientific research in the field of modern information and communication systems.

Real-time applications always have security issues present in their ecosystem which needs to be improved. Blockchain technology can be considered as a solution that can ensure network security. The integration of blockchain technology into autonomous systems has now become an important candidate to resolve network security issues in devices that work on p2p communications. As humans become more reliant on autonomous vehicles, the importance of finding a solution to the problems linked with data security needs to be addressed to comply with international security laws. The paper aims to find the importance of blockchain technology and how it can be integrated into different classes of autonomous vehicles. In the research, an analysis of existing papers will be included along with a proposed design that can be deployed to solve the problems associated with data security using blockchain technology. Besides the improvements offered by blockchain technology, all the additional challenges associated with designing a new system and deploying this technology will be reviewed. The limitations of the works along with the future research opportunities that might open up will be presented in this paper.

The urban railway system plays a critical role in modern transportation, demanding constant operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness improvement. The problem statement identifies the existing gaps and challenges in Operation Expenditure (OPEX). Managing operation costs in urban railways is a multifaceted challenge involving intricate interdependencies and considerations. In this context, integrating blockchain technology presents a promising approach to optimise the operation and maintenance processes, potentially reducing costs while enhancing transparency, security and efficiency. The traditional operation and maintenance practices of urban railway systems often suffer from inefficiencies, lack of transparency and high administrative overheads. This results in inflated operational costs, which ultimately burden both operators and passengers. Moreover, conventional methods often struggle to effectively manage the complex network of assets, maintenance schedules and service providers, leading to suboptimal resource allocation and prolonged downtime. These include a variety of approaches, such as simulation techniques, optimisation models, machine learning algorithms and detailed analytical frameworks like the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is based on PRISMA. The advanced searching techniques on SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS) and IEEE Xplore database using the keywords “blockchain technology”, “operating costs”, “maintenance”, “financial” and “urban railway” were applied. The final primary data (n=24) was analysed using the quantitative data method. The themes were decided, which are Theme (1) on railway operations and efficiency, Theme (2) on Deep Learning and Financial Technology and Theme (3) on Financial Risk Management and Evaluation. The integration of blockchain technology into urban railway operations and maintenance holds significant promise, offering improved transparency, efficiency and security. By enhancing trust among stakeholders through increased transparency and auditability as well as fostering collaboration and accountability, blockchain can revolutionise traditional practices. Furthermore, the automation of tasks and optimised resource allocation are expected to yield cost savings and operational efficiencies. Additionally, the decentralised nature of blockchain technology mitigates the risk of data tampering and cyberattacks, ensuring the integrity and security of critical infrastructure systems. Overall, blockchain presents a paradigm shift in managing urban railway operation and maintenance costs, paving the way for more sustainable, reliable and cost-effective transportation systems worldwide.

This work resolves the crucial problem of secure data transmission in IoT-aided healthcare devices, where confidential patient data is vulnerable to breaches and cyberattacks. To resolve these complexities, this work proposes a novel secure data transmission system that combines blockchain technology, Multiobjective Weighted Restricted Boltzmann Machine (MW-RBM) for feature extraction, Magnified Feeding-based American Zebra Optimization (MFAZO) for weight optimization, and a Multiscale Stacked Residual-Gated Recurrent Unit (MSRes-GRU) for attack detection. The novelty of this work lies in combining residual GRU and blockchain for secure IoT healthcare data transmission, guaranteeing both transparency and attack detection. The improvement is displayed in weight optimization through MFAZO, which refines the feature extraction task and boosts the accuracy of the technique in attack detection. The designed approach involves gathering attack detection data, performing feature extraction utilizing MW-RBM with optimized weights and identifying IoT node attacks via the MSRes-GRU technique’s multiscale layers and the residual connections. The Homomorphic Polynomial Encryption (HPE) is further employed to secure the healthcare data during transmission. Lastly, the performance of the model is determined with conventional models. The accuracy of the designed MSRes-GRU is 96.22%, which is higher than the existing models such as DNN (85.65%), LSTM (80.71%), SVM (89.99%), and GRU (94.14%). The key results demonstrate the technique’s high detection accuracy and robust performance in recognizing the IoT-based attacks while guaranteeing effective, secure and transparent data transmission via blockchain. This research contributes to improving the secure and scalable IoT-enabled healthcare devices, providing a reliable model for trustworthy healthcare applications that preserve data integrity and privacy.