British Food Journal Volume 3 Issue 12 1901

The study aimed to assess the use of boric acid and probiotics among patients treated at a tertiary care vulvovaginal health center. The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey of 206 new patients from October 2024 and January 2025. Participants completed a questionnaire on demographics, vulvovaginal history, self-treatment practices, and a Vulvar Quality of Life Index. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, multivariable logistic regression, and subgroup analyses were performed. Fifty percent of participants reported use of boric acid, and 61.2% used probiotics. Only 2.9% used boric acid for the CDC guideline-recommended duration of >21 days. Among those with vulvovaginal candidiasis or bacterial vaginosis, 62.3% and 55.9%, respectively, reported prior boric acid use. Patients learned about boric acid and probiotics from healthcare providers (63.4% and 55.8%, respectively), followed by social media (29.0% and 24.2%). Primary treatment goals included pH balance, symptom relief, and treating infections. Patients spent an annual average of $397 on their condition, with an average of $23 on boric acid and $9 on probiotics. Higher Vulvar Quality of Life Index scores ( p = .042) and being single ( p = .015) were independently associated with boric acid use. Boric acid and probiotics are widely used among patients with vulvovaginal conditions requiring tertiary care, almost always with unsupported reasons. Although nearly half of the respondents received treatment recommendations from providers, few reported use aligned with clinical guidelines. Given the significant financial burden and extensive misinformed use, there is a critical need for improved patient education and evidence-based counseling to prevent reliance on ineffective or misleading therapies.

Foliar application of micronutrients escalates efficient use of nutrients, increases in quality and yield along with quick response. An experiment was undertaken to study the effect of foliar application of mineral nutrients viz., boron (B), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) sprayed at different growth stages viz., at fruit set and one month after first spray at the experimental HDP field at Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tiruchirappalli during the year 2022–23. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design with 13 treatments and 4 replications with a spacing of 3 x 1.5 m. Foliar sprays with boron, magnesium and zinc significantly affected the physio-chemical properties of the fruits. The treatments imposed are T1: Control, T2: Boric acid 0.25%, T3: Boric acid 0.50%, T4: Boric acid 0.75%, T5: ZnSO4 0.25%, T6:ZnSO4 0.5%, T7:ZnSO4 0.75%, T8: MgSO4 0.25%, T9: MgSO4 0.50%, T10: ZnSO4 0.75%, T11: Boric acid (0.25%) + MgSO4 (1%) + ZnSO4 (0.25%), T12: Borax (0.50%) + Magnesium Sulphate (2%) + Zinc Sulphate (0.5%), T13: Borax (0.75%) + Magnesium Sulphate (3%) + Zinc Sulphate (0.75%). The maximum Fruit length (7.5 cm), width (8.2 cm), weight (160.2 g), volume (176.2 ml), specific gravity (1.01) and yield per plant (3.877 kg) were significantly high in the treatment T3 (0.5% boric acid). This study demonstrates the use of Boric acid 0.5% is found valuable for improving the yield and quality of Guava cv. Lucknow-49. It can be concluded from this study that foliar sprays of boron, magnesium and zinc are beneficial for improving fruit quality and leaf nutrient status of guava cv. Lucknow-49.

The anticorrosion properties of hexamethylenetetramine, boric acid, and a mixture of individual polyethylene polyamines have been investigated, as well as the dependence of steel corrosion rate in inhibited hydrochloric acid on the molar ratio of the components, reaction temperature, and synthesis time. The optimal molar ratios of boric acid, polyethylene polyamines, and hexamethylenetetramine and synthesis time and temperature have been determined. It has been shown that boric acid can be used as a component of the active base of a corrosion inhibitor. The use of boric acid is due to the synergistic effect of the test components of the active base and a low cost and nonhazardous nature of the material.

Under the auspices of the “People's League of Health,” Professor F. E. Dixon, F.R.S., delivered an address before the Medical Society of London on March 25th. It was, he said, obvious that organic foodstuffs were liable to bacterial decomposition. Something must be done to prevent certain foodstuffs from putrefying. The methods were sterilisation, destroying the micro‐organisms by heat or by preventing their growth by chemical substances. None of the chemical substances prevented the growth of the micro‐organisms which caused food poisoning. Putrefaction, in a sense, was the safety‐valve which indicated the condition of the food, and if they used preservatives they allowed the malignant organisms to grow. In Great Britain they had a Committee which sat in 1901, but nothing was done until 1912, when the Ministry forbade the use of preservatives in milk. France, Germany, the United States, and Sweden had absolutely forbidden the use of boric acid except in certain cases, and all countries had forbidden sulphites in meat. These, if sprayed on meat, masked incipient putrefaction and brought back the bright red colour. The United States allowed the use of benzoic acid, under certain conditions which had to be reported.

British Food Journal Volume 30 Issue 11 1928

The durable fire-retardants based on the colloidal solution of boric acid- and alkali metal containing melamine-formaldehyde condensates (H3BO3·AOH·MFAC) and 10 boron-containing inorganic compounds have been applied to Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.) sliced veneer, Lauan (Shorea negrosensis Foxw.) plywood, and Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don.) shake. The condensates were prepared by use of boric acid, hydroxide of alkali metal and melamine-formaldehyde condensation products. These boric acid- and alkali metal-containing melamine-formaldehyde condensates given clear solution in both neutral and alkaline. The borates used were the same as those appeared in a paper of M.A. Kasem and H.R. Richard.5)The treatment of Hinoki sliced veneer was accomplished by soaking samples in an aqueous solution of these condensates and borates, drying at a room temperature and curing at 160°C for 30min. The treatment of Lauan plywood and Sugi shake were done by soaking in the aqueous solution of the fire-retardants and reducing the pressure by using a vacuum pump, drying at a room temperature for 1 month, and then curing at 160°C for 30min.The effects of alkali metal kind and of varying ratio of fire retardant components in treating solutions on the fire-proofing efficiencies of Hinoki sliced veneer, Lauan plywood, and Sugi shake were discussed. Boric acid-containing melamine-formaldehyde condensates combined with alkali metals imparted excellent fire-proofing resistance to wood and plywood. Satisfactory fire-proofing efficiencies can be obtained in Hinoki sliced veneer, Lauan plywood, and Sugi shake at resin content as low as 5-10%. The overall afterglow of the treated samples depended on the competition between the inhibiting effect of boron and the enhancing effect of alkali metals.

Chemical activation of pine sawdust using aqueous solutions of phosphoric and boric acid was studied. Thermogravimetric analyses of the impregnated lignocellulosic precursor as well as their reactivities are presented. The role of the activating agents in the thermal decomposition of the precursor and their effects on the development of porosity in activated carbons is discussed. The use of boric acid as activating agent and a final heat treatment temperature (HTT) of 600 °C produced some porosity and activated carbons with a surface area of 600 m2 g−1. With a HTT of 450 °C, molecular sieve‐like materials were produced. In contrast, phosphoric acid activation produced activated carbons with high surface areas. The amount of phosphoric acid retained in the precursor was, as expected, a function of the initial concentration as well as the impregnation time and temperature. The fact that the activated carbon porosity increases with the phosphoric acid content per gram of precursor was confirmed. The use of 6 M phosphoric acid solution and HTT of 450 °C produced the activated carbon with the highest surface area, about 1600 m2 g−1. The high degree of microporosity which developed in phosphoric acid‐activated carbons is related to the low reactivity during the thermal treatment of chemical activation. The presence of up to 10% oxygen during HTT with phosphoric acid activation caused only small textural changes. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry

The fire-retardant performance of wood particleboards treated with three percentages (8, 12, and 16%) of boric acid was determined. Particles were treated during wood particles blending with adhesive. Fire-retardant properties were measured according to ASTM D3806 Standard Test Method of Small-Scale Evaluation of Fire-Retardant Paints, (2-Foot Tunnel Method). Particleboards treated with 16% boric acid showed the best fire-retardant properties, particularly in terms of weight loss, flame spread speed and afterflame time. The use of white birch inner bark particles as dispersant also lowered particleboard weight loss during fire testing. The use of boric acid not only decreased the flame spread speed but also greatly improved the internal bond and thickness swelling of manufactured particleboards over controls.

Literature from the first half of this century reports concern for toxicity from topical use of boric acid, but assessment of percutaneous absorption has been impaired by lack of analytical sensitivity. Analytical methods in this study included inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry which now allows quantitation of percutaneous absorption of 10B in 10B-enriched boric acid, borax and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) in biological matrices. In vitro human skin percent doses of boric acid absorbed were 1.2 for a 0.05% solution, 0.28 for a 0.5% solution, and 0.70 for a 5.0% solution. These absorption amounts translated into flux values of, respectively, 0.25, 0.58, and 14.58 microg/cm2/h, and permeability constants (Kp) of 5.0 x 10(-4), 1.2 x 10(-4), and 2.9 x 10(-4) cm/h for the 0.05%, 0.5%, and 5.0% solutions. The above in vitro doses were at infinite, 1000 microL/cm2 volume. At 2 microL/cm2 (the in vivo dosing volume), flux decreased some 200-fold to 0.07 microg/cm2/h and Kp of 1.4 x 10(-6) cm/h, while percent dose absorbed was 1.75%. Borax dosed at 5.0%/1000 microL/cm2 had 0.41 percent dose absorbed, flux at 8.5 microg/cm2/h, and Kp was 1.7 x 10(-4) cm/h. Disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) dosed at 10%/1000 microL/cm2 was 0.19 percent dose absorbed, flux at 7.9 microg/cm2/h, and Kp was 0.8 x 10(-4) cm/h. These in vitro results from infinite doses (1000 microL/cm2) were a 1000-fold greater than those obtained in the companion in vivo study. The results from the finite (2 microL/cm2) dosing were closer (10-fold difference) to the in vivo results. General application of infinite dose percutaneous absorption values for risk assessment is questioned by these results.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of boric acid as a friction modifier material in brake friction composites and to determine the effect of heat treatment applied during production on braking performance. Design/methodology/approach The addition of five different amounts of boric acid was balanced with cashew, which is in the friction modifier material group. The samples were produced in the following order: dry mixing, preforming and hot-pressing. The effect of the heat treatment that can be applied after the hot-pressing process on the braking performance was investigated. The tribological and physical properties of the samples were determined using tests performed according to appropriate standards. The microstructures of the friction surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Findings It was observed that the tribological properties of brake friction composites containing 20% by weight of boric acid were improved. It has also been observed that the heat treatment applied after hot pressing increased the friction coefficient of the samples by 7% on average and decreased the specific wear ratio of the samples. When the surface morphologies of the samples are examined, it is seen that the friction layers of the heat-treated samples are wider, and the microvoids and cracks are reduced. Originality/value This study showed that boric acid can be used as a friction modifier in brake friction composites. It also revealed the tribological and physical contribution of the applied heat treatment to the composite. Thus, it guides brake friction composite manufacturers in the industry and researchers working in this field.

Determination of traces of rubidium in high purity cesium chloride by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) using boric acid as a modifier

Development of high volume rice husk ash alumino silicate composites

Chemical food preservatives are extensively found in various processed food products in the human environment. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term exposure to five food preservatives (potassium sorbate (PS), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), sodium benzoate (SB), calcium propionate (CP), and boric acid (BA)) on the liver and kidney in rats and the probable underlying mechanisms. For 90 days, sixty male albino rats were orally given either water (control), 0.09 mg/kg b.wt BHA, 4.5 mg/kg b.wt PS, 0.9 mg/kg b.wt SB, 0.16 mg/kg b.wt BA, or 0.18 mg/kg b.wt CP. Liver and kidney function tests were assessed. Hepatic and renal oxidative stress biomarkers were estimated. Histologic examination analysis of liver and kidney tissues was achieved. Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR-2 and TLR-4), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) mRNA expression levels were measured. The results revealed that long-term oral dosing of the five food preservatives resulted in significant increases in alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels. There were significant reductions in hepatic and renal antioxidant enzymes, an increase in MDA concentrations, and pathological alterations in renal and hepatic tissues. The mRNA levels of TLR-4, TLR-2, NF-κB, and TNF-α were elevated in the food preservatives-exposed groups. Conclusively, the current findings revealed that long-term exposure to PS, BHA, SB, CP, and BA has a negative impact on liver and kidney function. Furthermore, these negative effects could be mediated via oxidative stress induction, inflammatory reactions, and cytokine production.

Boric acid (H3BO3) was an inexpensive, efficient and mild catalyst for the synthesis of n-butyl salicylate from salicylic acid and n-butanol, the esterifcation process conditions were optimized, the experimental results showed that the new process used small amount of boric acid catalyst, got higher target product yield, thus reduced the cost of production.

The fluorescence reaction of salicylic acid and its derivatives with boric acid was successfully applied to their micro-analyses. The recommened procedures were as follows : Seven milliliters of the glacial acetic acid solution of a sample of salicylid acids (5×10-6-5×10-8M) was mixed with 1.0 ml of sulfuric acid-glacial acetic acid solution with concentration represented in Table II, 1.0 ml of acetic anhydride, and 1.0 ml of boric acid-glacial acetic acid solution, stoppered and allowed to keep at 60° for 10 min. Then the fluorescence intensity of the solution was measured at the excitation and fluorescence maxima of each of the samples shown in Table II. In the case of 4-hydroxysalicylic acid and 5-aminosalicylic acid, 8.0 ml of each solution was mixed with 1.0 ml of 5% boric acid-acetic anhydried solution, and the mixture was kept at 60° for 10 min. Then 1.0 ml of 0.01 N sulfuric acid solution in-glacial acetic acid was added to the mixture. The coefficients of variation for these four compounds (1×10-6M) were 0.8-1.0%. Among diverse compounds, quinie ethylcarbonate disturbed the determination. This fluorometry was applied to the determination of salicylid acid in fermented liquor, blood plasma and urine, and the analytical results agreed well with those obtained by the colorimetric method.