Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage: Pathways for India

Investment decisions on carbon capture utilization and storage retrofit of Chinese coal-fired power plants based on real option and source-sink matching models

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is essential for achieving sustainable development and a strong driving force for improving enterprise total factor productivity (TFP). This paper empirically examines the relationship between CCUS and TFP of enterprises based on the collection and organization of CCUS texts in the annual reports of Chinese listed companies from 2002 to 2022. It is found that CCUS has a significant positive impact on corporate TFP. The conclusion still holds after considering issues such as endogenous problems. Mechanism analysis finds that CCUS improves the external environment of enterprises and enhances the ability to obtain bank loans while at the same time improving enterprises’ innovation ability, which in turn helps promote the TFP of enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the positive impact of CCUS on enterprise TFP is more prominent in large-scale enterprises, state-owned enterprises, and the eight key emitting industries than in small-scale enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises, and other industries. This investigation innovatively employs a text analysis methodology to measure CCUS, reveals the potential determinants influencing CCUS technology on the TFP, and furnishes a scientific foundation for policy refinement.

A novel process design and techno-economic performance assessment for methanol synthesis from Blast Furnace Gas (BFG) is presented. Methanol synthesis using BFG as a feedstock, based on direct CO2 hydrogenation at commercial scale was simulated using Aspen Plus software to evaluate its technical performance and economic viability. The applied process steps involve first conditioning BFG using adsorption based desulfurisation, water-gas shift, dehydration, then separation of components into N2, CO2 and H2 rich streams using pressure swing adsorption. The H2 stream and a fraction of the CO2 stream are fed to a methanol synthesis system, while the remaining CO2 may be considered for geological storage in a Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) case, or not in a Carbon Capture Utilization (CCU) case. Techno-economic analysis confirms methanol production from BFG is economically attractive under certain conditions, with Levelized Cost of Methanol production (LCOMeOH) calculated to be 344.61 £/tonne-methanol, and costs of CO2 avoided of − 20.08 £/tonne-CO2 for the CCU process and 9.01 £/tonne-CO2 for the CCUS process when using a set of baseline engineering assumptions. Sensitivity analysis of the process simulation explores opportunities for optimising the methanol synthesis system in terms of the impact of reactor size and/or recycle ratio on LCOMeOH. Economic viability of the CCU(S) processes is also found to be highly dependent on the cost of the feedstock BFG. Future cost savings as compared to business-as-usual steel production by 2030 in consideration of expected increases in the carbon price are estimated to be 10.59 £/tonne-steel for CCU and 24.61 £/tonne-steel for CCUS.

Strategic Planning of Regions and Territories in Europe for Low Carbon Energy and Industry Through Ccus: The Strategy Ccus Project

Transportation of CO2 is essential for multiple applications in Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS), e.g., for utilisation in methanol production, enhanced oil recovery, or permanent storage. Currently, the CCUS industry is still in its fancy, and the transportation regulation is still defined from project to project, where the existing quality specifications are tailored to the specific storage or utilisation site. It is estimated that transportation accounts for ∼25% of the total costs of a CCUS project, and commercialisation cannot be achieved with an infrastructure of high-grade steel together with high purity CO2. The current transportation infrastructure is based on point-to-point transport, where it is believed that it will be challenging to upscale CCUS without a common quality standard. This leaves a knowledge gap in the design, operation, and investment of CO2 transportation. This study includes an evaluation of the challenges that halt the progression in CO2 transportation based on a survey of the literature. Analysing the benefit of establishing an international quality standard for CO2 transportation for CCUS to become a global industry. A detailed description of the initiative policies within CCUS along with the challenges associated with designing the CO2 transportation infrastructure, which arises when chemical reactions form corrosive or scaling compounds. As a result, this study proposes a future action plan to make CO2 transport more feasible by forming a common CO2 quality specification and a material selection based on CO2 quality.

Economic viability of full-chain CCUS-EOR in Indonesia

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) consists of several technologies that are capable of playing significant and diverse roles in the achievement of global energy and climate goals under the context of energy transition. It forms a relevant technological approach for capturing carbon and delivering a net zero energy system. Currently, CCUS projects are mainly taking place in developed countries, with some of them having specific promotion policies such as 45Q under IRA in the US. Several of the current CCUS activities take the form of enhanced oil recovery (EOR). CCS have a value chain comprising the CO2 capture, compression and liquefaction, transportation (by pipeline or ships), and storage (e.g., underground in saline aquifer or depleted reservoirs). CCU shares some of the CCS value chain elements, except storage, as it consists of techniques and initiatives that convert captured emitted carbons into useful products. Hence, adopting a qualitative research methodology, this study explores the concept and relevancy of CCUS in achieving net zero emissions using hydrogel as a case study. This study aims for the implementation of a new CCUS value chain that involves products based on carbon sequestration in land-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR), leading to a high potential for mitigating carbon emissions. Consequently, CCUS is vital to attenuate the problems of climate change, as it plays a key role in decarbonizing and facing the challenge of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, in addition to providing a long-term alternative compatible with sustainable development. Based on its properties and characteristics, especially as a polymeric electrolyte with a high capacity for conducting physical separation, this study proposes hydrogel as a viable technique for the maximum capture of atmospheric carbon. Such captured carbon is then utilized for various applications or stored appropriately. This study concludes with a highlight of specific lessons learned in this regard, and the major challenges observed with this CCUS technique.

In this article, we propose two-stage planning models for Electricity-Gas Coupled Integrated Energy System (EGC-IES), in which traditional thermal power plants (TTPPs) are considered to be retrofitted into carbon capture power plants (CCPPs), with power to gas (PtG) coupling CCPPs to the gas system. The sizing and siting of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS)/PtG facilities and the operation cost of TTPP/CCPP/gas source/PtG are all considered in the proposed model, including penalty on carbon emissions and revenue of CCUS. With changing policy on climate change and carbon emission regulation, the carbon price, carbon tax, and load uncertainties are also analyzed and considered in the proposed planning model. Stochastic planning and robust planning methods are introduced to verify mutually through economic and carbon indices. Various cases and discussions demonstrate the proposed methods' effectiveness in reducing carbon emissions and increasing CCUS's profit from EGC-IES.

Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) appears to be a feasible solution for the decarbonization of coal-fired power stations, particularly in countries heavily dependent on these facilities. Despite its potential significance in reaching the Net Zero Emission goal by 2060, the progress of CCUS implementation in Indonesia has been slow. The present study seeks to elucidate the progression of CCUS development and investigate prospective research to facilitate CCUS deployment in Indonesia. A literature survey was conducted. A bibliometric analysis comparing Indonesia’s CCUS literature and global CCUS literature was deployed. Findings reveal the presence of literature gaps concerning technology (capture, utilization), supply chain (transportation), environmental evaluation, and regulatory/policy framework. Future study is therefore recommended on the previously indicated topics, in addition to finance strategies and the application of machine learning to enhance the scalability of CCUS.

The near-linear relationship between anthropogenic CO2 emission and global warming is a major cause of concern among scientists. Achieving a low carbon future requires a new approach to providing energy solutions. This paper reviews the advancements in CCUS technology and actions of the oil and gas industry actively participating in Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS). CCUS has been identified to play a key role in achieving the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement. Oil and gas industry has been using CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) for many years which removes some CO2 permanently from the atmosphere. Currently there are more than 150 CO2 EOR projects in place worldwide. Additionally, the major oil and gas companies are stepping up to further remove CO2 from the environment through Direct Air Capture (DAC), Carbonate Fuel Cells etc. This paper discusses a few of the CCUS projects undertaken by some major oil and gas companies. Many companies are investing in startups, national research institutes and other ventures with proven viable technologies for carbon capture such as DAC and fuel cell technology. It is too early to say which of these technologies will emerge as the most superior one. Therefore, investing in different technologies and continuing with the established practices is the more fitting approach. The recent changes in 45Q tax credit in the USA is going to entice even more investors to approach CCUS as a commercially attractive venture. There is currently a lot of pressure from government and public to minimize CO2 emission in all industries and this will only increase with time. Oil and Gas industry is investing heavily on CCUS projects and are therefore best equipped to transition to carbon management companies. The end goal is to make the industry profitable while also safeguarding the environment.

Three decades of topic evolution, hot spot mining and prospect in CCUS Studies based on CitNetExplorer

This review provides a comprehensive examination of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies, focusing on their advancements, challenges, and future prospects. It begins with an overview of carbon capture methods, including pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion techniques, highlighting recent technological improvements and associated challenges. The review then explores various carbon utilization strategies, such as chemical conversion, biological processes, and mineralization, discussing emerging technologies, potential applications, and the economic and environmental benefits of utilizing captured CO 2 . The discussion on carbon storage covers geological options like saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas fields, as well as recent advancements in monitoring and safety measures. The review assesses long-term stability and the risks linked to CO2 storage. In addressing the integration and optimization of CCUS systems, it evaluates the synergies between capture, utilization, and storage, includes techno-economic analyses of integrated systems, and presents case studies of successful CCUS projects. Economic feasibility and scalability are scrutinized through cost analysis, barriers to large-scale implementation, and the role of policy and regulatory frameworks. The review also identifies key research gaps, explores innovation potential, and provides strategic recommendations for advancing CCUS adoption. In conclusion, the findings underscore the essential role of CCUS in mitigating climate change, while highlighting the need for continued innovation, policy support, and cost reductions to enable its widespread deployment and effectiveness.

Modelling plant-level abatement costs and effects of incentive policies for coal-fired power generation retrofitted with CCUS

The rapid increase in the number of greenhouse gases that may be attributed to anthropogenic activity has led to a significant rise in the average surface temperature of the globe, which in turn has caused global warming. These impacts are assessed using an indication such as global warming potential, represented in units of carbon dioxide equivalent and used to show a region's overall carbon footprint. Human activities' influence on the environment may be measured using a “carbon footprint,” which refers to the total amount of greenhouse gases those activities generate. Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) will play a significant and essential part in India's efforts to cut its CO2 emissions in half by the year 2050 and reach net-zero emissions by 2070. This study identified prospective sources of CO2 emissions from various sectors in India. Additionally, this study investigates the technology for CO2 capture, utilization, and potential storage in India.

Morphic Technology uses enzymes to capture and convert CO 2