Challenges and opportunities in implementing BIM methodology in tunnelling

Environmental pollution, particularly from particulate matter such as PM2.5 and PM10, presents a challenge for sustainability and well-being in built environments. Various studies show the exposure to high concentrations, even indoors. The BIM methodology, through the integration of IoT sensors, can contribute to air quality monitoring in AEC industry projects. However, national BIM classification systems in Spain do not include specific categories for classifying air quality monitoring devices, and international systems do not extensively address this either. In response to this need, the EsBIMclass classification system is presented as a unified framework that covers the classification of building elements and includes a specific node for environmental sensors. Sensor classification is based on location, sensor type, autonomy, and data storage, facilitating integration into BIM models. Additionally, an international version, AllBIMclass, available in English, has been developed, based on the same conceptual structure. This system, with API development, contributes to sustainability and facilitates the adoption of advanced technologies in the AEC industry.

Present in several engineering and architecture projects, the BIM methodology, applied in 3D modeling projects, has become a work tool for several professionals in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction Industry) in the last decade [1]. This change possibly altered the way projects are represented and even initially conceived. In this sense, an important part of the BIM process is related to the generation and design of virtual models, since the decision on the type of graphic representation of such objects will guide the decision making of the project as a whole [2]. In relation to the type of modelling, parametric, informative and artistic ones usually stand out. Therefore, this work aims to analyze and compare such design approaches to verify which applications are more interesting for each use case.

The implementation of the BIM in the AEC sector, both in companies and in academic institutions, is taking place mainly through the knowledge and handling of the software that makes its implementation possible. There are several public and private initiatives that provide professionals with workshops, courses, degree programs and even master’s programmes oriented towards knowledge of the BIM methodology. These are aimed at all types of professionals, from qualified technicians to unskilled labour. In order to achieve a truly successful implementation of BIM, it is important not to focus only on the technological perspective, but to base it on the human aspects involved in the methodology. Working the skills is as important, if not the most, as using the tools. It is the attitude of the professionals that will determine a successful integration. This paper brings together research works on the state of higher education in Spain in industrial engineering programmes related to BIM and the required competencies. Educational guides and also the needs of the sector are reviewed. New roles and skills demanded are also analysed. The implementation strategies and academic barriers found when integrating BIM methodology in higher education are studied in depth. Finally, the paper presents a model proposal that includes the main lines of work to integrate BIM so that the training of future graduates will be effective for the sector.

Over the years, international researches about Facility Management has become increasingly important, also thanks to the advent of the BIM methodology which integrates information from all phases of the process, and closes, ideally in a circular way, the life cycle of a building. Within the abundant maintenance operations of the buildings characterizing the Facility Management phase, one of the important aspects is the H&S planning and management for operators and maintenance technicians. This research uses a dynamic BIM-based approach for Health and Safety management during O&M phase, connected to the programmed maintenance cycles, for a historical industrial plant. The case study presented is the former Fiat plant in Rivalta (TO), currently being converted into a warehouse and logistics facility by the FCA Group. Information comes from the project documents, from the Building Maintenance Plan and from the H&S Maintenance dossier of the building installations should linked together. All of them are going to constitute the information component (LOI) relating to the BIM object. During the construction of the BIM model, the position of each object is valuable information, fundamental for the right choice of equipment and fittings necessary for the correct execution in safe, of maintenance operations. The safety of workplaces is related, for example, to access procedures to intervention area or to the correct selection of fall protection systems. First, an analysis on information necessary for the management of a safe O&M in a BIM environment is carry out. BIM should not be only a digitizing way for work's file, it's not only a sheet containing processes and procedures identified by the safety coordinator; BIM, in this area, can be used as intelligent tool for risk assessment and, consequently, a methodology that can be used for choosing the most appropriate systems, in order to safeguard the workers H&S.

The “Neues Werk Cottbus” project is Germany’s first major initiative to apply the new Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) contract model in combination with BIM methodology. The project alliance, consisting of the client, designers, and construction companies, provides optimal conditions for implementing an innovative, interdisciplinary Big Open BIM approach from the outset. The main objective was to develop a versatile, project-wide Project Information System (PIS) compatible with various software systems. This PIS supports over 20 BIM use cases, ranging from designing the maintenance facility and assembly planning to construction execution and building operation. This comprehensive approach ensures consistent generation, use, and updating project data throughout the entire building lifecycle without redundancies. Multidisciplinary collaboration has proven extremely valuable during design and construction. Notable benefits include greater transparency in model-based planning and meetings, measurable process improvements through detailed 4D scheduling simulations, more precise target price and cost management using model data, and significant efficiency gains through cloud-based, workflow-oriented collaboration. By implementing open BIM process standards and data formats, the project demonstrates how IPD and Open BIM methodologies reinforce each other, enabling seamless interdisciplinary collaboration. This project sets a benchmark for digital construction and lifecycle-oriented project management in Germany.

Abstract. In the study of built heritage, the potential offered by the BIM methodology finds effective application in the knowledge and dissemination process. Today, the HBIM methodology often develops from 3D scanning point clouds with the so-called Scan-to-BIM processes. The complexity that often characterizes the architectural elements of the historical heritage and the lack of information on construction details and geometries, constitute a critical factor that sometimes affects the effectiveness of the application of the BIM methodology. Procedural methods define an approach that can help us when it is necessary to use external modelling tools for the local modelling of complex elements. Algorithmic modelling potentially could significantly reduce the investment normally required in digital content modelling operations, also in terms of time consuming. Furthermore, in procedural modelling, the definition of the detail can be calibrated a priori according to the objectives of the workflow. The research addresses the difficult management of point clouds in workflows aimed at the realization of the so-called serious games, tools that have proved invaluable in educational and teaching processes, as well as in the dissemination and promotion of heritage. Involving a remarkable variety of digital instruments for representation, serious games define a research topic in which the different needs related to the representation of the complexity of the objects can be investigated. Aimed at defining an effective development process for serious games, the paper proposes an HBIM workflow for reconstruction of 3D environments of historic buildings starting from laser scanning surveying approach.

Introduction: The article addressed the situation in Acacías following the riots of 2 May 2021, which caused serious damage to the Municipal Palace. Due to the partial destruction of the building and its limited space, the administrative offices were scattered throughout different areas of the municipality, making it difficult to provide services to citizens and for the institution to operate. Development: Faced with this problem, the municipal administration decided to relocate the Municipal Palace to a peripheral lot. However, this solution generated community discontent, as it increased the distance people had to travel to carry out procedures. Faced with this scenario, the project proposed redesigning the Palace in its original location, integrating all government offices in a single place. To this end, basic scientific principles and structural engineering principles such as statics, material resistance and current technical standards (NSR-10) were applied. In addition, modern technologies such as the portico system and BIM methodology were used to ensure safety, efficiency, and sustainability in the design. Conclusion: The proposal represented a comprehensive response to the social and technical problem, seeking to restore equitable access to administrative services, optimise municipal resources, and promote urban and commercial development in the centre of the municipality.

Implementing the BIM methodology relies on mastering new digital ways of working. However approaches to BIM often lack a holistic perspective that span the whole building lifecycle. The omission of Product Lifecycle Management functions in the implementation of the BIM methodology can lead to failures in delivering the benefits of BIM to operations and diminish its value to clients with large property portfolios. In an empirical study, the paper presents an investigation into the current situation of BIM using an Australian commercial property development project. It explores implications of partial implementation for the building lifecycle. Case study findings identify deficiencies in the project environment, management shortcomings associated with the specifics of client requirements, and difficulties in the transverse use of BIM and PLM platforms due to human interface problems.

PurposeBuilding information modeling (BIM) is a growing technology and methodology for project design in the construction industry. However, when the project design team designs with BIM in a free-form manner (without a qualified instructor), it is not clear how behavior or trust might develop among project team members, nor if there are variables that might influence the improvement of such collaboration.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 92 responses was obtained from managers of project design firms in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector. The questionnaire data were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThis paper provides an explanation, from a happiness management perspective, to reflect on the importance of establishing policies to enhance effective communication between project team members in BIM design, as it improves trust between team members and their collaborators, developing the overall satisfaction of all the agents involved in the project.Originality/valueThe researchers suggest that there is a gap in the literature on how effective communication influences the implementation of BIM methodology.

Re-design of a road node with 7D BIM: Geometrical, environmental and microsimulation approaches to implement a benefit-cost analysis between alternatives

According to Dahlberg et al. (2004), Faucett et al. (2013), moving and lifting heavy loads, incorrect posture, as well as monotonous and repetitive tasks, are behaviours common in workers in institutional care homes for the elderly due to the demanding professional activity and they are also likely to increase the exposure to risk factors that lead to the development of such injuries. Moreover, the posture and the strength required for their labour are influenced by the conception of the work position. (Macdonald & Oakman, 2013). The physical space must be appropriate so as not to restrict movements (Alexandre & Rogante, 2000).

Preserving historical architectural structures is crucial for safeguarding cultural heritage. This study explores the application of Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) to enhance the documentation process of the Ghiqa Historical Market in Saudi Arabia, a monument known for its intricate architecture and cultural significance. Traditional documentation methods often fail to capture detailed features accurately and rely on labour-intensive manual processes. HBIM uses advanced digital technologies to improve precision, efficiency, and preservation efforts. In this study, point cloud data from 3D laser scanning is used to create a detailed digital model of the market, covering structural systems, material attributes, architectural features, and historical context. The research also integrates historical archives and photographs to enrich the model with additional contextual information. This comprehensive approach provides a holistic understanding of the Ghiqa Historical Market, aiding accurate preservation and restoration decisions. HBIM offers several advantages in architectural documentation. The digital model enhances visualization, allowing stakeholders to explore the site from multiple perspectives. It also serves as a tool for analysing structural integrity, identifying potential risks, and planning restoration interventions. Moreover, digital documentation ensures effective knowledge transfer across generations, preserving valuable architectural heritage for future reference and research. Additionally, it promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among architects, historians, conservators, and other stakeholders involved in preservation. Including the Ghiqa Historical Market in the UNESCO World Heritage List would highlight its global significance, attracting international attention and resources for its preservation. This designation would underscore the market’s cultural and historical importance, fostering a sense of pride and responsibility in its maintenance. The implementation of Heritage BIM demonstrates its potential to revolutionize heritage conservation by combining diverse data sources into a single, detailed, and accessible digital resource.

Integration of BIM Methodology and AR Technologies for Piping Learning in Buildings

<p>Building Information Modelling is one of the most innovative and promising technologies that are taking place in the construction industry. However, BIM implementation in structural engineering is not as common as in architectural design and this becomes more evident dealing with the maintenance and refurbishment of existing buildings. In this context, the implementation of an integrated BIM methodology for the assessment of the seismic performance of existing masonry buildings is proposed based on a non-linear static algorithm, called E-PUSH, previously developed by the authors. An effective workflow is defined, relying on software’s interoperability at the architectural and structural level, able to create a dynamic, customized and flexible procedure. The proposed methodology has been developed and critically analysed through real case studies and it may be extended to an increasingly broad collection of existing buildings. It offers an integrated solution for the assessment and management of existing buildings by means a continuous updating of the information model.</p>

Functional Assessment of BIM Methodology Based on Implementation in Design and Construction Company